The Courage to Dislike - Part 1Keberanian untuk Tidak Menyukai - Bahagian 1
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EN: The 'to-infinitive' (to + verb) is used here as an adjective to modify the noun 'courage'. It describes what kind of courage it is.
Bahasa Melayu: Infinitif (to + kata kerja) digunakan di sini sebagai adjektif untuk menerangkan kata nama "courage" (keberanian). Ia menjelaskan jenis keberanian yang dimaksudkan.
I have a lot of work to do.
Saya mempunyai banyak kerja yang perlu dilakukan.
EN: The definite article 'The' is used to specify a particular concept or quality, making the noun 'courage' feel like a specific, defined philosophy or title.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sandang tentu "The" digunakan untuk menentukan konsep atau kualiti tertentu, menjadikan kata nama "courage" kedengaran seperti idea falsafah atau tajuk yang khusus dan jelas.
The desire to win is strong.
Keinginan untuk menang sangat kuat.
EN: This phrase is the famous title of a book based on Adlerian psychology. In English, 'to dislike' can be active, but in the context of this famous philosophy, it refers to the courage to be disliked by others in order to live authentically.
EN: The phrase 'all kinds of' is used to describe a wide variety of things or people. It is followed by a plural countable noun or an uncountable noun.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa "all kinds of" digunakan untuk menerangkan pelbagai jenis benda atau orang. Ia biasanya diikuti oleh kata nama majmuk atau kata nama tak boleh dikira untuk menunjukkan kepelbagaian.
There are all kinds of books in the library.
Di perpustakaan terdapat pelbagai jenis buku.
EN: The prepositional phrase 'in our lives' functions as an adverbial of place/context, indicating the scope or time frame in which the action occurs.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa sendi nama "in our lives" berfungsi sebagai keterangan tempat atau konteks, menunjukkan skop atau tempoh masa di mana tindakan itu berlaku (dalam kehidupan kita).
We face many challenges in our lives.
Dalam kehidupan kita, kita menghadapi banyak cabaran.
EN: The sentence sets a philosophical tone similar to the book 'The courage to dislike', emphasizing that social diversity is an inevitable part of the human experience.
EN: The correlative structure 'Some... others...' is used to contrast different groups within a larger whole. 'Others' is a pronoun meaning 'other people' or 'other things'.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur korelatif "Some... others..." (sesetengah... yang lain...) digunakan untuk membezakan bahagian-bahagian yang berbeza dalam kumpulan besar. "Others" ialah kata ganti nama yang bermaksud "orang lain" atau "perkara lain".
Some students like math, while others prefer history.
Sesetengah pelajar suka matematik, manakala yang lain lebih suka sejarah.
EN: Linking verbs (like 'seem') are followed by adjectives or noun phrases to describe the subject. In the second clause, 'that way' functions as an adverbial phrase referring back to the previously mentioned qualities.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja penghubung (seperti seem) diikuti oleh adjektif atau frasa nama untuk menerangkan subjek. Dalam klausa kedua, "that way" berfungsi sebagai frasa adverba yang merujuk kepada kualiti yang disebut sebelum ini (cool dan mesra).
He seems tired today, but he wasn't that way yesterday.
Dia kelihatan letih hari ini, tetapi semalam dia tidak begitu.
EN: In the context of 'The courage to dislike', this sentence highlights the social reality that we cannot please everyone, and not everyone will align with our values. It reflects a psychological boundary-setting common in modern self-help literature.
EN: The conjunction 'Since' is used to introduce a reason or cause, similar to 'Because'. It often appears at the beginning of a sentence to provide background information for the main result.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung "Since" digunakan di sini untuk memperkenalkan sebab atau alasan, sama seperti "Because". Ia biasanya diletakkan di awal ayat untuk memberikan latar belakang bagi hasil dalam klausa utama.
Since it is raining, we should stay indoors.
Oleh kerana hujan sedang turun, kita patut berada di dalam rumah.
EN: The phrasal verb 'get along with' means to have a friendly relationship with someone or to interact harmoniously.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja frasa "get along with" bermaksud hidup secara harmoni dengan seseorang, atau mengekalkan hubungan yang mesra dengan seseorang.
She gets along with all her coworkers.
Dia bergaul dengan baik dengan semua rakan sekerjanya.
EN: The concept of 'getting along' is central to many social philosophies, including the ideas explored in 'The courage to dislike'. It reflects the social pressure to maintain harmony even when personal feelings might differ.
EN: The conjunction 'as' is used here to indicate that two actions happen at the same time, often showing a progression or change. It is followed by a clause (subject + verb).
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung "as" digunakan di sini untuk menunjukkan bahawa dua tindakan berlaku pada masa yang sama, biasanya untuk menunjukkan perkembangan atau perubahan. Ia diikuti oleh klausa (subjek + kata kerja).
As the sun set, the sky turned orange.
Apabila matahari terbenam, langit bertukar menjadi oren.
EN: The verb 'realize' is often followed by a noun clause (that-clause) acting as the object. In this sentence, the word 'that' is omitted, which is common in informal or spoken English.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja "realize" (menyedari) selalunya diikuti oleh klausa nama (klausa that) yang berfungsi sebagai objek. Dalam ayat ini, kata hubung "that" telah digugurkan, yang biasa dalam bahasa Inggeris tidak formal atau pertuturan.
I realize I forgot my keys.
Saya sedar bahawa saya terlupa membawa kunci.
EN: The sentence reflects a psychological boundary-setting process often discussed in modern interpersonal relationships, similar to the themes in the book 'The courage to dislike'. It emphasizes that it is natural and acceptable to acknowledge negative feelings toward others.
EN: The modal verb 'may' is used to express possibility. It is followed by the base form of the verb (in this case, 'be'). It suggests that something is likely but not certain.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja bantu "may" digunakan untuk menyatakan kemungkinan. Ia diikuti oleh kata kerja dasar (dalam ayat ini, be). Ia menunjukkan bahawa sesuatu mungkin berlaku, tetapi tidak semestinya pasti.
It may rain later, so you should bring an umbrella.
Mungkin akan hujan sebentar lagi, jadi kamu patut bawa payung.
EN: Parallel structure with adjectives: When listing multiple qualities or items using 'or' or 'and', the words should be in the same grammatical form. Here, 'mean', 'gossipy', and 'selfish' are all adjectives describing the subject.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur selari dengan adjektif: Apabila menyenaraikan pelbagai kualiti atau perkara menggunakan "or" atau "and", perkataan-perkataan tersebut sepatutnya mempunyai bentuk tatabahasa yang sama. Di sini, "mean", "gossipy", dan "selfish" semuanya adalah adjektif yang menerangkan subjek.
The movie was long, boring, and confusing.
Filem ini panjang, membosankan, dan mengelirukan.
EN: In the context of 'The courage to dislike', this sentence highlights the internal conflict between social harmony and personal values. Western psychological perspectives often emphasize setting boundaries with people who exhibit these negative traits, even if it means being disliked.
EN: The phrasal verb 'go against' means to be in opposition to something, such as a rule, principle, or belief. In this sentence, 'goes' is used in the third-person singular present tense to match the subject 'That'.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja frasa "go against" bermaksud bertentangan atau melanggar sesuatu, seperti peraturan, prinsip, atau kepercayaan. Dalam ayat ini, "goes" menggunakan bentuk kini orang ketiga tunggal untuk bersesuaian dengan subjek "That".
His actions go against everything he stands for.
Tindakannya bertentangan dengan segala yang diwakilinya.
EN: Possessive adjectives (my, your, our, their, etc.) are used before a noun to show ownership or relationship. Here, 'our' indicates that the 'values' belong to us.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata adjektif posesif (my, your, our, their, dll.) digunakan sebelum kata nama untuk menunjukkan pemilikan atau hubungan. Di sini, "our" menunjukkan bahawa "nilai-nilai" ini milik kita.
We must protect our environment.
Kita mesti melindungi alam sekitar kita.
EN: In the context of 'The courage to dislike', this sentence emphasizes the importance of personal boundaries and integrity. It suggests that social harmony should not come at the expense of one's core principles.
EN: The phrase 'feel bad about' is used to express guilt or regret. It is followed by a gerund (V-ing) or a noun phrase to indicate the cause of the feeling.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa "feel bad about" digunakan untuk menyatakan rasa bersalah atau penyesalan. Ia diikuti oleh gerund (V-ing) atau frasa nama untuk menunjukkan sebab perasaan tersebut.
I feel bad about forgetting her birthday.
Saya berasa bersalah kerana terlupa hari jadinya.
EN: The modal verb 'may' is used to express possibility. It suggests that something is likely but not certain.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja bantu "may" digunakan untuk menyatakan kemungkinan. Ia menunjukkan bahawa sesuatu mungkin berlaku, tetapi tidak pasti.
It may rain later this afternoon.
Mungkin akan hujan lewat petang ini.
EN: In many cultures, there is a strong social pressure to be liked and to like everyone back. This sentence reflects the psychological burden discussed in 'The courage to dislike', suggesting that it's natural but sometimes unnecessary to feel guilty for having negative feelings toward others.
EN: The verb 'try' followed by a to-infinitive (to + verb) indicates making an effort to do something difficult or intentional.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja "try" diikuti oleh infinitif (to + kata kerja) menunjukkan usaha untuk melakukan sesuatu yang mencabar atau bertujuan.
I will try to finish the work by five.
Saya akan berusaha untuk menyiapkan kerja sebelum pukul lima.
EN: The structure 'keep + object + adjective/participle' is used to describe maintaining a specific state or continuous action for the object.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur "keep + objek + adjektif/partisipel" digunakan untuk menerangkan mengekalkan objek dalam keadaan tertentu atau tindakan yang berterusan.
Please keep the door open.
Sila biarkan pintu terbuka.
EN: In many cultures, including those influenced by the ideas in 'The courage to dislike', there is a social pressure to maintain harmony (wa) even when we feel uncomfortable. This sentence reflects the common struggle between personal boundaries and social expectations.
EN: Partial Negation: When 'not' is used with words like 'always', 'every', or 'all', it means 'not necessarily' or 'not in every case', rather than 'never'.
Bahasa Melayu: Penafian separa: Apabila 'not' digunakan dengan perkataan seperti 'always' (sentiasa), 'every' (setiap), atau 'all' (semua), ia bermaksud "tidak semestinya" atau "bukan selalu", bukannya penafian sepenuhnya (tidak pernah).
Rich people are not always happy.
Orang kaya tidak semestinya bahagia.
EN: Infinitive as Adjective: The phrase 'to take' is a to-infinitive used as an adjective to modify the noun 'action', indicating what kind of action it is or what should be done with it.
Bahasa Melayu: Infinitif sebagai adjektif: Frasa 'to take' ialah infinitif yang digunakan sebagai adjektif untuk menerangkan kata nama 'action' (tindakan), menjelaskan jenis tindakan atau apa yang perlu dilakukan terhadap tindakan itu.
I have a lot of work to do.
Saya mempunyai banyak kerja yang perlu dilakukan.
EN: In the context of 'The courage to dislike', this sentence reflects a psychological boundary. It suggests that maintaining social harmony (keeping the relationship going) is not always the most healthy or 'right' choice if it compromises one's values.
Kosa kata utama dengan sebutan IPA, definisi, contoh ayat, dan kuiz interaktif.
Dalam konteks: keberanian; keberanian
Dalam konteks: menyedari; menyedari
Dalam konteks: suka mengumpat; suka bergosip
Dalam konteks: mementingkan diri sendiri
Dalam konteks: nilai-nilai
Dalam konteks: hubungan; perhubungan
Dalam konteks: tindakan; langkah
Frasa dengan label jenis, definisi dwibahasa, nota penggunaan, dan contoh ayat.
To have a friendly relationship with someone.
bergaul mesra dengan seseorang
To be opposite to or conflict with something.
bertentangan dengan, bercanggah dengan
To maintain or continue a situation or activity.
mengekalkan, memastikan sesuatu berterusan
A wide variety of different types.
pelbagai jenis