Apple iPhone 18 Pro review: big changes for small differences
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EN: Present perfect tense ('has released') is used here to report recent news or an event that occurred at an unspecified time with present relevance.
Sony has launched a new pair of wireless headphones.
EN: Non-defining relative clause with 'which' adds non-essential, supplementary information about 'the iPhone 18 Pro'. It is preceded by a comma.
He bought the laptop, which came with a free carrying case.
EN: In tech journalism, news reports commonly announce new consumer electronics using the present perfect tense (e.g., 'Apple has released...') in opening sentences to signal fresh, breaking news to the audience before shifting to the simple present to describe device specifications.
EN: Passive Voice in the Past Simple ('was launched'): Formed with 'was/were' + past participle (V-ed). It is used when the action itself or the recipient of the action is the focus, rather than who performed it.
The new operating system was released last month.
EN: Non-defining Relative Clause with 'which': Introduced by a comma and 'which', this clause provides extra, non-essential information about the preceding noun phrase ('the iPhone Duo').
He bought the new tablet, which has an impressive OLED display.
EN: In tech industry reporting, 'launch' often refers to an official product announcement or commercial release event. 'Folding phone' (or foldable) describes smartphones that use flexible display technology to open into a larger tablet-like screen, a major trend among mobile manufacturers.
EN: Non-defining relative clause with 'which': Used after a comma to provide extra, non-essential information about the preceding statement or noun phrase.
He bought a new laptop, which cost him over $1,000.
EN: Present perfect tense ('have risen') in a causal clause: Expresses an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past and has direct results or relevance in the present.
The ticket prices have increased because fuel costs have risen.
EN: In the UK and global tech reporting, prices often use 'costs from' to denote the entry-level price for the base storage tier. The currency symbol '£' (GBP) is pronounced as 'pounds' after the number.
EN: The coordinating conjunction 'so' is used to introduce a clause showing the result of the preceding statement. It is typically preceded by a comma.
The room was very dark, so we turned on the lights.
EN: Embedded question / noun clause: 'how much light enters' functions as the direct object of the verb 'control'. In noun clauses acting as questions, normal subject-verb order is maintained rather than question word order.
The sensor detects how much water the plant needs.
EN: In mobile photography tech news, 'variable aperture' refers to a mechanical iris inside the smartphone lens that can physically adjust its opening size. This bridges smartphone photography closer to traditional DSLR/mirrorless cameras, allowing hardware-level control over exposure and depth of field rather than relying solely on software computation.
EN: The conjunction 'because' introduces an adverbial clause of cause/reason. When placed at the beginning of the sentence, it is typically followed by a comma separating it from the main clause.
Because the weather was bad, the flight was cancelled.
EN: The phrase 'at once' functions as an adverbial idiom meaning 'at the same time' or 'simultaneously' in this context (it can also mean 'immediately' in other contexts).
She managed to answer two phone calls at once.
EN: Smartphones with screen cutouts (like Apple's 'Dynamic Island' or notch) require trade-offs: a smaller Face ID sensor array frees up status bar and screen real estate, enabling more background app widgets or active tasks to display simultaneously.
EN: The relative pronoun 'that' introduces a restrictive relative clause ('that makes it easier...') modifying the preceding noun 'coating'. In this clause, 'that' acts as the subject.
This phone has a durable glass that protects the display from scratches.
EN: The pattern 'make + it (dummy object) + adjective (object complement) + to-infinitive (real object)' is used when the direct object is an infinitive phrase, placing 'it' as a placeholder.
The GPS navigation makes it easier to find the route in a new city.
EN: Smartphones commonly feature anti-reflective or oleophobic (anti-smudge) screen coatings. Describing outdoor visibility is a major selling point in tech journalism because glare from sunlight is a frequent consumer pain point.
EN: The prepositional phrase 'According to + noun/source' is commonly used at the beginning of a sentence to cite an information source, authority, or report.
According to the weather forecast, it will rain tomorrow.
EN: The preposition 'from' is used after nouns like 'upgrade' or 'change' to indicate the baseline, point of origin, or standard of comparison.
This new software is a huge improvement from the previous version.
EN: The Guardian is a major British daily newspaper known for its influential tech and product reviews. Tech journalism often uses measured phrases like 'a small upgrade' (or 'incremental update') to temper market hype when yearly consumer tech releases have minimal physical or design changes.
Key vocabulary words with IPA pronunciation, definitions, example sentences, and interactive quizzes.
Phrases with type tags, bilingual definitions, usage notes, and example sentences.
Together with or at the same time as something else.
A camera lens mechanism that allows the opening size to be adjusted to control incoming light.
Simultaneously; at the same time.
As stated or reported by someone or an authority.