EN: Imperative sentences are used to give orders, advice, or instructions. In this structure, the subject 'you' is omitted, and the sentence begins directly with the base form of the verb (bare infinitive).
中文: 祈使句用於給予命令、建議或指示。在這種結構中,主詞「you」(你/你們)會被省略,句子直接以動詞原形開頭。
Listen carefully to the instructions.
仔細聽指示。
EN: A relative clause (adjective clause) is used to modify a noun. Here, 'that truly matters to you' is a defining relative clause modifying 'a topic'. 'That' acts as the subject relative pronoun.
中文: 關係子句(形容詞子句)用於修飾名詞。在此處,「that truly matters to you」是一個限定性關係子句,用來修飾「a topic」(主題)。「that」在此擔任主格關係代名詞。
She wants to find a job that challenges her.
她想找一份具有挑戰性的工作。
EN: The sentence uses the imperative mood, which is used to give commands, instructions, or advice. In English, the imperative is formed by using the base form of the verb without a subject (the implied subject is 'you').
中文: 本句使用了祈使句(Imperative Mood),用於給予命令、指示或建議。在英文中,祈使句的結構是直接使用動詞原形,省略主詞(省略的主詞為「you」)。
Always verify your sources before writing.
寫作前務必核實你的來源。
EN: 'Moreover' is a transition word (conjunctive adverb) used to add information that supports or expands on what has already been said. It is typically placed at the beginning of a sentence and followed by a comma.
中文: 「Moreover」是一個轉折詞(連接副詞),用於添加支持或擴展前文的資訊。它通常放在句首,後面緊跟著逗號。
The research is thorough; moreover, it is easy to understand.
這項研究很周詳;此外,它也很容易理解。
EN: In English academic and persuasive writing, providing concrete evidence or 'real examples' is highly valued. Generalizations without proof are often considered weak arguments. Using transition words like 'Moreover' helps build a logical, structured flow that is expected in formal communication.
中文: 在英文學術與說服性寫作中,提供具體證據或「真實例子」被視為至關重要。沒有證據的籠統陳述通常被認為是軟弱無力的論點。使用像「Moreover」這樣的轉折詞有助於建立正式溝通中所期待的邏輯與結構流暢度。
EN: The modal verb 'can' is used to express possibility or ability. It is followed by the base form of the verb (in this case, 'cite').
中文: 情態助動詞「can」用於表示可能性或能力。其後必須接動詞原形(在此句中為「cite」)。
You can use this software to edit your photos.
你可以使用這個軟體來編輯你的照片。
EN: The past participle 'trusted' is used as an adjective to modify the noun 'report'. It describes the noun as having received the action of being trusted.
中文: 過去分詞「trusted」在此處用作形容詞,用來修飾名詞「report」,表示該名詞是被信賴的(具有被動或已完成的狀態)。
He is a trusted advisor to the president.
他是總統一位值得信賴的顧問。
EN: In academic and professional English writing, citing sources is a crucial practice to build credibility. Using phrases like 'For example' followed by concrete evidence (like a 'trusted report') is a standard way to strengthen an argument.
中文: 在學術與專業英文寫作中,引用來源是建立公信力的關鍵做法。使用「For example」等片語,後接具體證據(如「trusted report」),是強化論點的標準寫作模式。
EN: An imperative sentence is used to give commands, advice, or instructions. It starts with the base form of the verb (here, 'avoid') and the subject 'you' is understood but omitted.
中文: 祈使句用於給予命令、建議或指示。它以動詞原形(此處為 'avoid')開頭,主詞 'you'(你/你們)被省略。
Always check the facts before sharing.
分享前務必核對事實。
EN: The clause 'you cannot prove' is a relative clause (adjective clause) modifying the noun 'claims'. The relative pronoun 'that' or 'which' is omitted because it functions as the direct object of the verb 'prove'.
中文: 子句 'you cannot prove' 是修飾名詞 'claims' 的關係子句(形容詞子句)。關係代名詞 'that' 或 'which' 被省略,因為它在子句中擔任動詞 'prove' 的直接受詞。
Do not make promises you cannot keep.
不要許下你無法兌現的承諾。
EN: The sentence starts with the transition phrase 'In addition', which is used to introduce extra information or support a previous point. It is followed by a comma.
中文: 本句以轉折片語「In addition」(此外)開頭,用於引入額外資訊或支持前述觀點。其後通常會加上逗號。
In addition, we need to consider the budget.
此外,我們需要考慮預算。
EN: The main clause uses an imperative sentence structure starting with the base verb 'explain'. Imperative sentences are used to give instructions, advice, or commands, and the subject 'you' is implied.
中文: 主句採用祈使句結構,以動詞原型「explain」(解釋)開頭。祈使句用於給予指示、建議或命令,省略了主詞「you」(你/你們)。
Please write your name on the paper.
請在紙上寫下你的名字。
EN: The conjunctive adverb 'Therefore' is used to introduce a logical result or consequence of a previously stated fact. It is often placed at the beginning of a sentence, followed by a comma, to transition smoothly between ideas.
中文: 連接副詞「Therefore」(因此)用於引出前述事實的邏輯結果或後果。它通常放在句首,後接逗號,以便在想法之間進行平穩的過渡。
She studied hard; therefore, she passed the exam with honors.
她努力學習;因此,她以優異的成績通過了考試。
EN: The prepositional phrase 'with ease' functions as an adverbial phrase meaning 'easily' or 'without difficulty'. It describes the manner in which the action of the verb is performed.
中文: 介係詞片語「with ease」作為副詞片語使用,意思是「輕鬆地」或「毫無困難地」。它用來描述動詞動作進行的方式。
He solved the complex puzzle with ease.
他輕鬆地解決了這個複雜的謎題。
EN: The transitional phrase 'on the other hand' is used to introduce a contrasting point or perspective. It is typically placed at the beginning of a sentence and followed by a comma.
中文: 過渡片語「on the other hand」(另一方面)用於引入對比的觀點或角度。它通常放在句首,後面接逗號。
The hotel is expensive; on the other hand, the service is excellent.
這家飯店很貴;但另一方面,他們的服務非常好。
EN: The word 'confuse' is used here as an intransitive verb meaning 'to cause misunderstanding or uncertainty'. While often transitive (requiring an object), it can function intransitively to describe the general effect of something.
中文: 動詞「confuse」在此處用作不及物動詞,意思是「令人困惑」或「造成誤解」。雖然它通常是及物動詞(需要接賓語),但也可以用作不及物動詞,用來描述某事物的普遍影響。
Too many rules only confuse.
太多的規則只會令人困惑。
EN: The phrase 'As a result' is a transitional adverbial phrase used to introduce a logical consequence or outcome of a previously mentioned fact or situation.
中文: 「As a result」是一個過渡性的副詞片語,用於引出前面所提事實或情況的邏輯結果或影響,意為「因此」或「結果」。
He studied hard. As a result, he passed the exam.
他努力學習。因此,他通過了考試。
EN: The verb 'work' is used here as an intransitive verb meaning 'to be effective' or 'to produce the desired result'.
中文: 動詞「work」在此處用作不及物動詞,意思是「起作用」、「行得通」或「產生預期的效果」。
This simple method works well for beginners.
這個簡單的方法對初學者來說效果很好。
EN: In English writing, especially in professional, academic, or journalistic contexts, there is a strong cultural preference for clarity and conciseness. The phrase 'short, clear sentences work best' reflects the stylistic value placed on direct communication, avoiding overly complex structures that might obscure the message.
中文: 在英文寫作中(特別是專業、學術或新聞領域),非常強調「清晰與簡潔」的文化。這句「short, clear sentences work best」反映了西方寫作風格中對於直接溝通的重視,避免使用過於複雜、可能模糊焦點的句型結構。
EN: The transition word 'Furthermore' is a conjunctive adverb used to introduce an additional point or support that strengthens the previous argument. It is typically followed by a comma when starting a sentence.
中文: 轉折詞「Furthermore」(此外)是一個連接副詞,用於引入額外的論點或支持,以加強前述的論述。當它放在句首時,通常後面會加上逗號。
Furthermore, the study shows that regular exercise improves mental clarity.
此外,研究顯示規律運動能提升思緒清晰度。
EN: The causative verb 'make' is used here in the pattern 'make + object + adjective' (makes ideas real), which means to cause the object to enter a certain state or condition.
中文: 使役動詞「make」在此處用於「make + 受詞 + 形容詞」(makes ideas real)的句型,意思是使該受詞進入某種狀態或情況。
Her encouraging words made me confident.
她鼓勵的話語讓我變得有信心。
EN: In English academic and persuasive writing, using transition words like 'Furthermore' is highly valued to create logical flow. Additionally, the concept of making ideas 'real' through concrete examples reflects the Western rhetorical preference for 'showing, not telling'—using specific evidence rather than abstract assertions.
中文: 在英文學術與說服性寫作中,非常重視使用如「Furthermore」這類的轉折詞來建立邏輯流暢度。此外,透過具體例證讓想法變得「真實」(real),反映了西方修辭學中「用展現代替空談」(show, don't tell)的偏好,即傾向使用具體證據而非抽象陳述。
EN: The transition phrase 'In contrast' is used as a sentence connector (conjunctive adverb) to introduce a statement that is very different from the previous one. It is typically followed by a comma.
中文: 過渡片語「In contrast」(相反地)用作句子連接詞(連接副詞),用來引出與前述內容截然不同的陳述。其後通常會加上逗號。
In contrast, the second proposal is much more cost-effective.
相反地,第二個提案的成本效益要高得多。
EN: The simple present tense is used here to state a general truth or fact. The plural subject 'vague terms' agrees with the base form of the verb 'weaken'.
中文: 此處使用現在簡單式來陳述一個普遍的事實或真理。複數主詞「vague terms」(模糊的字眼)與動詞原形「weaken」(削弱)達成主動詞一致性。
Clear explanations strengthen your arguments.
清晰的解釋能強化你的論點。
EN: In English academic and professional writing, clarity and directness are highly valued. Writers are often encouraged to avoid 'vague terms' (such as 'things', 'stuff', or overly general adjectives) and instead use precise nouns and strong verbs to make their arguments more persuasive.
中文: 在英文的學術與專業寫作中,非常重視「清晰度」與「直接性」。通常會鼓勵寫作者避免使用「vague terms」(模糊的字眼,例如 things、stuff 或過於籠統的形容詞),而是使用精確的名詞和強而有力的動詞,以使論點更具說服力。
EN: Imperative sentences are used to give orders, advice, or instructions. They begin directly with the base form of the verb (bare infinitive), and the subject 'you' is understood but omitted.
中文: 祈使句用於給予命令、建議或指示。它們直接以動詞原形開頭,主詞「you(你/你們)」被省略。
Start your presentation with a warm greeting.
以親切的問候開始你的簡報。
EN: The preposition 'with' is used here to introduce the instrument, means, or manner by which an action is performed.
中文: 介係詞「with」在此處用於引介執行動作所使用的工具、手段或方式(意為「以……」、「用……」)。
Open the box with this key.
用這把鑰匙打開盒子。
EN: The transition phrase 'In short' is used to summarize a previous discussion or state a main point briefly and directly.
中文: 過渡片語「In short」(簡而言之)用於總結先前的討論,或簡明扼要地直接闡述核心觀點。
In short, we must change our plan immediately.
簡而言之,我們必須立即更改我們的計劃。
EN: The verb 'help' can be followed by an object and a bare infinitive (verb without 'to'). In the pattern 'help + object + verb', 'to' is optional.
中文: 動詞「help」(幫助)後面可以接賓語(受詞)和不帶 to 的不定詞(原形動詞)。在「help + 賓語 + 動詞」的結構中,「to」通常可以省略。
This map will help you find the museum.
這張地圖會幫助你找到博物館。
EN: This sentence reflects a core value in Western academic and professional communication: clarity and conciseness are prioritized over complex, flowery language. Effective communication is seen as a tool to make a meaningful impact on the world.
中文: 這句話反映了西方學術與職場溝通的核心價值:清晰與簡潔的表達重於複雜華麗的詞藻。有效的溝通被視為對世界產生實質影響力的重要工具。
EN: Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It takes a singular verb.
中文: 動名詞當主詞:動名詞(動詞 + -ing)可以當作名詞使用,並在句子中擔任主詞。其後須接單數動詞。
Learning a new language opens up many opportunities.
學習一門新語言會開啟許多機會。
EN: The adjective 'worth' is followed directly by a gerund (V-ing) to indicate that something is deserving of an action.
中文: 形容詞 'worth'(值得的)後面直接接動名詞(V-ing),用來表示某事值得進行該動作。
This classic movie is worth watching again.
這部經典電影值得再看一次。
EN: Imperative sentences are used to give orders, advice, or instructions. They start with the base form of the verb (here, 'pick') and the subject 'you' is omitted because it is understood.
中文: 祈使句用於給予命令、建議或指示。它們以動詞原形(此處為 'pick')開頭,並且省略了主詞 'you',因為主詞是顯而易見的。
First, write down your ideas on a piece of paper.
首先,在一張紙上寫下你的想法。
EN: A relative clause (adjective clause) is used to describe a noun. Here, 'that you genuinely care about' is a defining relative clause modifying the noun 'topic'. The relative pronoun 'that' acts as the object of the preposition 'about'.
中文: 關係子句(形容詞子句)用於修飾名詞。在這裡,'that you genuinely care about' 是一個限定性關係子句,修飾名詞 'topic'。關係代名詞 'that' 在子句中擔任介係詞 'about' 的受格。
Find a job that you truly enjoy.
尋找一份你真正享受的工作。
EN: This sentence is a imperative sentence, which is used to give commands, instructions, or advice. In imperative sentences, the subject 'you' is omitted, and the sentence begins directly with the base form of the verb (in this case, 'gather').
中文: 此句子為祈使句(Imperative Sentence),用於給予命令、指示或建議。在祈使句中,主詞「you」(你/你們)會被省略,句子直接以動詞原形(此處為「gather」)開頭。
Listen carefully to the instructions.
仔細聽好這些指示。
EN: The phrase 'sources you can fully trust' contains a defining relative clause (adjective clause) modifying the noun 'sources'. The relative pronoun 'that' or 'which' acting as the object of the verb 'trust' has been omitted, which is common in informal and spoken English.
中文: 片語「sources you can fully trust」包含一個限定修飾名詞「sources」的關係子句(形容詞子句)。在此處,作為動詞「trust」受格的關係代名詞「that」或「which」被省略了,這在口語和非正式英語中非常常見。
He lost the book you lent him yesterday.
他弄丟了你昨天借給他的那本書。
EN: The modal verb 'can' is used here to express possibility or capability. It is followed by the base form of the verb ('give'). In academic or formal writing, 'can' helps soften claims, making them sound more objective rather than absolute.
中文: 情態助動詞「can」(能夠/可以)在此處用於表示可能性或能力,後面接動詞原形(give)。在學術或正式寫作中,使用「can」有助於緩和語氣,使論點聽起來更客觀,而非過於絕對。
A good dictionary can help you learn new words faster.
一本好的字典能幫助你更快地學習新單字。
EN: The verb 'give' can take a double object structure: 'give + indirect object (someone) + direct object (something)'. In this sentence, 'you' is the indirect object and 'solid evidence' is the direct object.
中文: 動詞「give」(給予)可以使用雙賓語結構,即「give + 間接賓語(某人)+ 直接賓語(某物)」。在本句中,「you」是間接賓語,「solid evidence」是直接賓語。
The teacher gave us some useful advice.
老師給了我們一些實用的建議。
EN: In English academic and professional writing, using collocations like 'solid evidence' or 'careful report' is highly valued. It demonstrates precision and critical thinking. Additionally, starting sentences with transition words like 'For example' helps guide the reader smoothly through the logical flow of an argument.
中文: 在英文學術與專業寫作中,使用如「solid evidence」(可靠的證據)或「careful report」(詳盡的報告)這類的固定搭配詞非常受到重視,這能展現出論述的精準度與批判性思維。此外,使用「For example」等過渡詞開頭,有助於引導讀者順暢地理解論點的邏輯流程。
EN: The modal verb 'must' is used to express strong obligation or necessity. It is followed by the base form of the verb (in this case, 'explain').
中文: 情態助動詞「must」用於表示強烈的義務或必要性(必須)。其後接動詞原形(在此句中為「explain」)。
You must submit the report by Friday.
你必須在週五前提交報告。
EN: The prepositional phrase 'in plain language' uses the preposition 'in' to express the medium, style, or manner of communication.
中文: 介系詞片語「in plain language」使用介系詞「in」來表示溝通的媒介、風格或方式(以……語言/方式)。
Please write the instructions in simple English.
請用簡單的英文寫這份說明。
EN: In professional and academic writing, the 'Plain Language' movement advocates for clear, concise communication that avoids jargon, making information accessible to everyone. This sentence reflects that modern communication value.
中文: 在專業與學術寫作中,「簡明語言」(Plain Language)運動倡導清晰、簡潔且避免術語的溝通方式,旨在讓所有人都能輕鬆理解資訊。本句正體現了這一現代溝通的核心價值。
EN: The transition phrase 'In addition' is a conjunctive adverb used to introduce extra information or support a previous point. It is typically followed by a comma when starting a sentence.
中文: 過渡片語「In addition」(此外)是一個連接副詞,用於引入額外的資訊或支持前述觀點。當它放在句首時,通常後面會加上逗號。
In addition, we need to consider the budget.
此外,我們需要考慮預算。
EN: The modal verb 'should' is used to express duty, obligation, or a strong recommendation. It is followed by the base form of the verb ('focus').
中文: 情態助動詞「should」(應該)用於表達職責、義務或強烈建議。其後須接動詞原形(此處為「focus」)。
You should check your work before submitting it.
你應該在提交前檢查你的工作。
EN: The transitional phrase 'As a result' is a cohesive device used to introduce a logical consequence or effect of a previously mentioned action.
中文: 過渡片語「As a result」(因此/結果)是一種銜接手段,用於引出前述行為所導致的邏輯結果或影響。
He practiced every day. As a result, his English improved significantly.
他每天練習。因此,他的英文進步神速。
EN: The linking verb 'feel' is followed by past participles functioning as adjectives ('lost', 'confused') to describe the subject's mental or emotional state.
中文: 連繫動詞「feel」(感覺)後面接過去分詞作形容詞用(如「lost」與「confused」),用來描述主詞的心境或情感狀態。
She felt exhausted after the long journey.
在漫長的旅途後,她感到筋疲力盡。
EN: The transition word 'Moreover' is a conjunctive adverb used to introduce a piece of information that supports or adds to what has already been said. It is formal and typically placed at the beginning of a sentence, followed by a comma.
中文: 轉折詞「Moreover」(此外/而且)是一個連接副詞,用於引入支持或補充前文的新資訊。它具有正式語氣,通常置於句首,後面接逗號。
Moreover, the new policy will create hundreds of jobs.
此外,新政策將創造數百個工作機會。
EN: The phrasal verb 'turn (something) into (something)' means to transform or change one thing into another. 'Turn' acts as the transitive verb, followed by the direct object, and 'into' is the preposition introducing the resulting state.
中文: 片語動詞「turn (something) into (something)」(將某物轉化為某物)表示將一事物改變或轉化為另一事物。「turn」作為及物動詞,後接直接受詞,並由介系詞「into」引導轉化後的狀態。
She can turn a simple idea into a successful business.
她能將一個簡單的想法轉化為成功的事業。
EN: In English writing and rhetoric, 'human stories' or 'humanizing a problem' refers to the technique of using individual, relatable experiences to explain complex or abstract global issues. This makes the content much more empathetic and persuasive to the audience.
中文: 在英文寫作與修辭中,「human stories」(貼近人心的故事)或「humanizing a problem」(將問題人性化)是指利用具體、能引起共鳴的個人經驗,來解釋複雜或抽象的全球性議題。這種做法能讓內容對讀者而言更具同理心與說服力。
EN: The transition phrase 'on the other hand' is used to introduce a contrasting point of view, fact, or argument. It is often paired with 'on the one hand' but can also stand alone to present an alternative perspective.
中文: 過渡片語「on the other hand」(另一方面)用於引入相反的觀點、事實或論點。它經常與「on the one hand」(一方面)搭配使用,但也可以單獨使用來提出另一種視角。
The hotel is expensive; on the other hand, the service is excellent.
這家飯店很貴;但另一方面,他們的服務非常出色。
EN: The modal verb 'can' is used here to express possibility or potentiality, indicating that too much detail has the potential to obscure the main point.
中文: 情態助動詞「can」在此處用於表示可能性或潛在性,指出過多的細節有可能會模糊或掩蓋主旨。
Running in the rain can cause you to catch a cold.
在雨中跑步可能會讓你感冒。
EN: Imperative sentences are used to give orders, advice, or instructions. They begin directly with the base form of the verb (bare infinitive), omitting the subject 'you'.
中文: 祈使句用於給予命令、建議或指示。它們直接以動詞原形開頭,省略了主詞「you」(你/你們)。
Keep your room clean and tidy.
保持你的房間乾淨整潔。
EN: The verb 'keep' can function as a causative or linking verb followed by an object and an adjective complement (keep + object + adjective) to describe the state in which the object should be maintained.
中文: 動詞「keep」可作為使役或連繫動詞,後接受詞和形容詞補語(keep + 受詞 + 形容詞),用來描述受詞應保持的狀態。
Please keep the door open.
請保持門開著。
EN: Imperative Sentence: The sentence starts directly with the base form of the verb 'close' to give an instruction, advice, or command. The subject 'you' is implied.
中文: 祈使句:句子直接以動詞原型「close」(結束/作結)開頭,用於給予指示、建議或命令。省略了主詞「you」(你)。
Start your essay with an engaging hook.
用一個引人入勝的引子開始你的文章。
EN: Relative Clause (Adjective Clause): 'that offers real hope' is a defining relative clause modifying the noun 'conclusion'. 'That' acts as the subject relative pronoun within the clause.
中文: 關係子句(形容詞子句):「that offers real hope」是一個限定性關係子句,用來修飾名詞「conclusion」(結論)。「that」在子句中擔任主格關係代名詞。
She wrote a story that inspires many people.
她寫了一個啟發許多人的故事。
EN: In English essay writing (especially persuasive or argumentative essays), ending with a 'hopeful conclusion' or a 'call to action' is a highly valued rhetorical strategy. It leaves the reader with a positive, memorable impression rather than just summarizing the facts.
中文: 在英文寫作(特別是說服性或議論性文章)中,以「帶有希望的結論」或「呼籲行動」作結,是一種非常受推崇的修辭策略。這樣能給讀者留下積極且深刻的印象,而不僅僅是流於形式地重述事實。
EN: The verb 'help' can be followed by an object and then either a bare infinitive (verb without 'to') or a full infinitive (with 'to'). In this sentence, 'helps important ideas reach' uses the bare infinitive 'reach'.
中文: 動詞「help」(幫助)後面可以接賓語,再接不帶 to 的不定詞(原形動詞)或帶 to 的不定詞。在本句中,「helps important ideas reach」使用的是原形動詞「reach」。
Regular exercise helps your body stay healthy.
規律運動有助於保持身體健康。
EN: The phrase 'In short' is a transitional adverbial phrase used to summarize a previous statement or argument briefly.
中文: 片語「In short」是一個轉折副詞片語,用於簡要總結前文的陳述或論點,意為「簡而言之」或「總之」。
In short, we must find a new solution immediately.
簡而言之,我們必須立即找到新的解決方案。
EN: The sentence uses the present simple tense in a question format with the question word 'How' and the auxiliary verb 'do'. In English, information questions (wh-questions) are formed by placing the question word at the beginning, followed by the auxiliary verb (do/does), the subject, and the base form of the main verb.
中文: 本句使用現在簡單式的疑問句結構,結合疑問詞「How」(如何)與助動詞「do」。在英文中,資訊疑問句(Wh- 疑問句)的形成方式是將疑問詞置於句首,後接助動詞(do/does)、主詞及主要動詞的原形。
How do you solve this math problem?
你如何解決這道數學題?
EN: The comma before 'Emma' is used for direct address. In English, when you address a person directly by name within a sentence, you must set off the name with a comma (or commas if it is in the middle of the sentence) to clarify that you are speaking to them.
中文: 在「艾瑪」(Emma)之前的逗號用於「直接稱呼」。在英文中,當你在句子中直接稱呼某人的名字時,必須使用逗號將名字隔開(如果名字在句中,則前後都要加逗號),以明確表示你正在對他們說話。
Where are you going, John?
約翰,你要去哪裡?
EN: In English-speaking academic and casual settings, addressing someone directly by their first name (like 'Emma') is very common and friendly, even when asking for advice or academic guidance. It establishes a collaborative and egalitarian tone.
中文: 在英語系的學術或日常環境中,直接稱呼對方的名字(如「艾瑪」)是非常普遍且友善的,即使是在尋求建議或學術指導時也是如此。這能營造出一種合作且平等的對話氛圍。
EN: The use of 'First' as a transition word (adverbial) to sequence ideas. It is typically followed by a comma when starting a sentence.
中文: 使用「First」作為轉折詞(副詞)來排列想法的順序。當它放在句首時,通常後面會加上逗號。
First, we need to gather all the necessary data.
首先,我們需要收集所有必要的數據。
EN: The use of a defining relative clause (adjective clause) introduced by the relative pronoun 'that' to modify the noun 'topic'. 'That matters' functions as an adjective describing the topic.
中文: 使用由關係代名詞「that」引導的限定關係子句(形容詞子句)來修飾名詞「topic」(主題)。「that matters」在此作為形容詞,用來描述該主題是重要的。
She wants to do work that makes a difference.
她想做有影響力的工作。
EN: In academic and professional English writing, starting with a clear, logical sequence (using signposts like 'First', 'Then', 'Finally') is highly valued as it helps the reader follow the writer's train of thought easily.
中文: 在學術與專業英文寫作中,以清晰且具邏輯性的順序開始(使用如「First」、「Then」、「Finally」等指引詞)非常受到重視,因為這能幫助讀者輕鬆跟隨作者的思考脈絡。
EN: The adverb 'then' is used as a transition word at the beginning of a sentence to indicate sequence or the next step in a process.
中文: 副詞「then」在句首用作轉折詞,用來表示順序或流程中的下一個步驟。
Then, we analyze the results of the survey.
然後,我們分析調查的結果。
EN: The past participle 'trusted' is used as an adjective modifying the noun 'sources', meaning 'regarded as reliable or honest'.
中文: 過去分詞「trusted」在此用作形容詞,修飾名詞「sources」,意思是「被視為可靠或誠實的(值得信任的)」。
She is a trusted advisor to the president.
她是總統信任的顧問。
EN: The transitional phrase 'For example' is used as a sentence connector (or transition word) to introduce an instance that illustrates a previous statement. It is typically placed at the beginning of a sentence and followed by a comma.
中文: 過渡性片語「For example」(例如)用作句子連接詞,用來引出說明前述內容的具體實例。它通常放在句首,後面接逗號。
For example, she loves reading historical novels.
例如,她喜歡閱讀歷史小說。
EN: The Simple Present Tense is used here to describe a habitual action, a regular procedure, or a general truth in writing. The subject 'I' takes the base form of the verb 'cite'.
中文: 此處使用一般現在時(Simple Present Tense)來描述習慣性動作、常規步驟或寫作中的普遍事實。主詞「I」後面接動詞原形「cite」。
I write a summary after reading each chapter.
我讀完每個章節後都會寫一份摘要。
EN: In English academic and professional writing, backing up claims with 'careful reports' or credible sources is highly valued. Using phrases like 'For example' to introduce evidence is a standard rhetorical strategy to build trust and authority with the reader.
中文: 在英文學術與專業寫作中,用「嚴謹的報告」或可信的來源來支持論點是非常受到重視的。使用「For example」(例如)等片語來引出證據,是與讀者建立信任和權威性的標準修辭策略。
EN: The verb 'avoid' is a transitive verb that must be followed by a gerund (V-ing) or a noun phrase as its direct object. It cannot be followed by an infinitive (to + verb).
中文: 動詞「avoid」(避免)是及物動詞,後面必須接動名詞(V-ing)或名詞片語作為直接受詞,不能接不定詞(to + 動詞)。
She avoids traveling during the peak season.
她避免在旺季期間旅遊。
EN: The relative clause 'that confuse readers' is an adjective clause modifying the noun 'words'. 'That' acts as the subject relative pronoun, and because 'words' is plural, the verb 'confuse' is in its plural form.
中文: 關係子句「that confuse readers」是形容詞子句,用來修飾名詞「words」(詞彙)。「that」在此作為主格關係代名詞,因為先行詞「words」是複數,所以動詞使用複數形「confuse」。
EN: The transition phrase 'In addition' is used as a sentence connector to add information or support a previous point. It is usually followed by a comma.
中文: 過渡片語「In addition」(此外)用作句子連接詞,用來增加資訊或支持前述觀點。其後通常會加上逗號。
In addition, we need to consider the budget.
此外,我們需要考慮預算。
EN: The verb 'keep' can be followed by an object and an adjective (object complement) to describe the state in which the object is maintained. Here, 'focused' is a past participle acting as an adjective.
中文: 動詞「keep」後面可接受詞和形容詞(受詞補語),用來描述受詞被保持的狀態。在此處,「focused」是過去分詞作形容詞使用,表示「專注的、有焦點的」。
Please keep the door open.
請保持門開著。
EN: The transition phrase 'As a result' is used as a linking adverbial to introduce a logical consequence or effect of a previously mentioned action or situation.
中文: 過渡片語「As a result」(因此/結果)用作連接副詞,用來引出前面所提行動或情況的邏輯結果或影響。
She studied hard. As a result, she passed the exam.
她努力學習。因此,她通過了考試。
EN: The structure 'subject + be + adjective + to-infinitive' (easy to follow) uses an active infinitive ('to follow') with a passive meaning, where the subject ('my ideas') is the logical object of the infinitive verb.
中文: 結構「主詞 + be 動詞 + 形容詞 + 不定詞」(easy to follow)中,使用主動形式的不定詞(to follow)來表達被動意義,此時主詞(my ideas)是該不定詞動詞的邏輯受詞。
The instructions are difficult to understand.
這些說明很難理解。
EN: The use of the transition adverb 'Finally' at the beginning of a sentence. Transition words (轉折詞/過渡詞) help organize the flow of ideas, indicating the last item in a sequence or the final step of a process.
中文: 副詞「Finally」(最後)作為轉折詞的用法。轉折詞(過渡詞)有助於組織思維流程,表示序列中的最後一項或流程的最後一個步驟,通常置於句首並用逗號隔開。
Finally, we reached the top of the mountain.
最後,我們到達了山頂。
EN: The phrasal verb 'end with' means to finish or conclude an activity or speech with a specific element. It is followed by a noun phrase acting as the object of the preposition 'with'.
中文: 片語動詞「end with」表示以特定的元素結束或完成某項活動或演說。其後接名詞片語,作為介系詞「with」的受詞。
The concert will end with a beautiful song.
音樂會將以一首優美的歌曲作結。
EN: In English academic and professional writing, ending on a positive or 'hopeful' note is a common rhetorical strategy. It leaves the reader or audience with a sense of forward-looking optimism, which is often more persuasive than ending with a warning or negative outlook.
中文: 在英文學術與職場寫作中,以積極或「充滿希望」的基調作結是一種常見的修辭策略。這能給讀者或聽眾留下前瞻性的樂觀態度,通常比以警告或消極觀點結束更具說服力。
EN: The transition phrase 'In short' is used as a sentence adverbial (or linking adverb) to summarize a previous point or introduce a concise conclusion.
中文: 過渡片語「In short」(簡而言之)用作句子修飾語(或連接副詞),用於總結前述觀點或引出簡明扼要的結論。
In short, we must change our plan.
簡而言之,我們必須改變計劃。
EN: The simple present tense is used here to state a general truth or timeless fact. The subject 'clear writing' is singular, so the verb 'shares' takes the third-person singular '-s' ending.
中文: 此處使用現在簡單式來陳述一個普遍真理或不變的事實。主詞「clear writing」(清晰的寫作)為單數,因此動詞「shares」加上了第三人稱單數的字尾「-s」。
Practice makes perfect.
熟能生巧。
EN: In English academic and professional writing, clarity and conciseness are highly valued. The phrase 'clear writing shares clear thinking' reflects a common philosophical stance among educators that writing is not just a way to record thoughts, but a direct reflection of the clarity of one's mind.
中文: 在英文學術與職場寫作中,非常強調「清晰」與「簡潔」。片語「clear writing shares clear thinking」反映了教育界的一種普遍觀點:寫作不僅僅是記錄想法的工具,更是個人思維清晰度的直接體現。
EN: The adverb 'therefore' is used as a transition word meaning 'as a result' or 'for that reason'. When placed in the middle of a sentence (parenthetical position), it is set off by commas on both sides to create a pause and add emphasis to the preceding subject.
中文: 副詞「therefore」(因此)用作過渡詞,表示「結果」或「出於該原因」。當它置於句子中間(插入語位置)時,前後需加上逗號,以產生停頓並加強對前面主詞的語氣。
The weather, therefore, was not a factor in our decision.
因此,天氣並非影響我們決定的因素。
EN: The modal verb 'can' is used here to express ability or potential. It is followed by the base form of the verb 'change'. The phrase 'change minds' is a common idiomatic expression meaning to convince someone to adopt a different opinion or belief.
中文: 情態助動詞「can」在此處用於表示能力或可能性,後接動詞原形「change」。片語「change minds」是一個常見的習慣用語,意思是說服某人改變想法或信念。
A good speech can change minds and inspire action.
一場好的演講能夠改變人們的想法並激發行動。
EN: In English writing, placing transition words like 'therefore' or 'however' in the middle of a sentence (as a parenthetical element) rather than at the beginning is a common stylistic choice. It makes the writing sound more sophisticated, academic, and smooth, as it avoids starting every sentence with a heavy conjunction.
中文: 在英文寫作中,將「therefore」或「however」等過渡詞放在句子中間(作為插入語)而不是句首,是一種非常常見的修辭選擇。這樣做可以避免每個句子都以沉重的連接詞開頭,使文章聽起來更典雅、更具學術感且更流暢。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中: 引用、引述(作為支持論點的證據)
在本文中: 含糊的、不清楚的
在本文中: 真誠地、真正地
在本文中: 證據、證明
在本文中: 段落
在本文中: 使困惑、使混淆
在本文中: 全球的、全世界的
在本文中: 直接的、直截了當的
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
used to introduce a contrasting point of view or fact
另一方面
because of something that has happened; consequently
結果、因此
expressed in a few words; briefly
簡而言之、總而言之
a problem or matter of intense interest that affects the entire world
全球性議題