聆聽課程
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EN： The verb 'reach' is used here as a transitive verb meaning to establish communication with someone, especially after some effort. In business contexts, it is often preferred over 'call' when the focus is on the successful connection rather than the act of dialing.
中文： 動詞「reach」在此作為及物動詞，意指（尤指經過努力後）與某人取得聯繫。在商務語境中，當重點在於「成功聯絡上」而非僅是「撥打電話」的動作時，通常偏好使用這個字。
I've been trying to reach the account manager all morning to discuss the invoice.
我整個早上都試著聯絡客戶經理以討論發票事宜。
EN： The structure 'get someone's voicemail' is a common idiomatic expression in workplace English. It implies that the call was not answered by a person and was instead diverted to an automated recording system.
中文： 結構「get someone's voicemail」是職場英語中常見的慣用語。這意味著電話無人接聽，而是轉接到了自動錄音系統。
If you get his voicemail, just leave your name and number.
如果你轉進了他的語音信箱，就留下你的姓名和電話。
EN： In Western corporate culture, 'Procurement' is the formal department responsible for purchasing goods and services. Using formal department names like 'Procurement' or 'Human Resources' instead of general terms shows professional competence.
中文： 在西方企業文化中，「Procurement」是負責採購貨物與服務的正式部門。使用如「Procurement（採購）」或「Human Resources（人力資源）」等正式部門名稱而非籠統稱呼，能展現專業素養。
EN： The use of 'not unusual' is a rhetorical device called litotes (double negative), which often conveys a sense of expectation, resignation, or understatement. It suggests that while the situation isn't ideal, it is predictable based on experience.
中文： 使用「not unusual」是一種稱為「曲言法」（雙重否定）的修辭手段，通常傳達出一種預期中、無奈或含蓄的語氣。這暗示雖然情況不理想，但根據經驗是可以預見的。
It is not uncommon for the train to be delayed during rush hour.
在尖峰時段火車誤點並不罕見。
EN： The past simple interrogative 'Did you leave...?' is used here to inquire about a completed action in a specific past context (the phone call just mentioned). It focuses on the completion of the task.
中文： 過去簡單式疑問句「Did you leave...?」在此用於詢問特定過去語境（剛提到的電話通話）中已完成的動作。其重點在於該任務是否已經達成。
Did you submit the proposal before the deadline?
你在截止日期前提交提案了嗎？
EN： In Western corporate culture, 'Monday morning' is often associated with a high volume of emails and meetings as people catch up from the weekend. This makes it a common excuse or explanation for communication delays.
中文： 在西方企業文化中，「週一早上」通常與處理週末累積的大量電子郵件和會議有關。因此，這常被視為溝通延遲的常見藉口或解釋。
EN： The use of 'I did' is an example of auxiliary verb ellipsis. It avoids repeating the full verb phrase 'left a message' mentioned in the previous question, maintaining conversational flow and cohesion.
中文： 使用 'I did' 是助動詞省略的例子。它避免了重複前一句問話中提到的完整動詞短語 'left a message'，藉此維持對話的流暢度與連貫性。
Did you finish the report? I did, but I still need to proofread it.
你完成報告了嗎？我完成了，但我還需要校對一下。
EN： The adjective 'confident' is followed by a 'that-clause' (with 'that' omitted here) to express the speaker's degree of certainty or belief regarding a future outcome.
中文： 形容詞 'confident' 後接 'that 子句'（此處省略了 that），用來表達說話者對於未來結果的確定程度或信念。
We are confident the new strategy will increase our market share.
我們有信心新策略將會增加我們的市場份額。
EN： The adverb 'promptly' is a formal alternative to 'quickly' or 'soon,' often used in professional contexts to imply action taken without delay and within an expected timeframe.
中文： 副詞 'promptly' 是 'quickly' 或 'soon' 的正式替代詞，常用於職場環境，暗示不拖延且在預期時間內採取行動。
Please ensure that all customer inquiries are handled promptly.
請確保所有客戶諮詢都能得到及時處理。
EN： In Western business culture, 'following up' and 'requesting a callback' are essential proactive communication strategies. It is considered professional to set expectations for response times rather than waiting indefinitely.
中文： 在西方商業文化中，「後續追蹤 (following up)」和「要求回電 (requesting a callback)」是至關重要的主動溝通策略。設定回覆時間的預期，而非無限期等待，被視為一種專業的表現。
EN： The sentence uses the Mandative Subjunctive. After adjectives expressing importance or necessity (e.g., essential, vital, crucial), the following 'that' clause uses the base form of the verb, regardless of the subject's person or number.
中文： 本句使用了祈使虛擬語氣（Mandative Subjunctive）。在表示重要性或必要性的形容詞（如 essential, vital, crucial）之後，that 子句中的動詞必須使用原形，不受主詞人稱或單複數影響。
It is essential that he submit the report before the board meeting starts.
他在董事會會議開始前提交報告是至關重要的。
EN： The phrase 'When dealing with' is a reduced adverbial clause. When the subject of the subordinate clause is the same as the main clause, the subject and 'be' verb can be omitted, leaving 'When' + present participle (-ing).
中文： 短語 'When dealing with' 是一個簡化副詞子句。當從句主詞與主句主詞一致時，可以省略主詞與 be 動詞，保留 'When' 加上現在分詞 (-ing)。
When traveling abroad, you should always keep your passport in a secure place.
出國旅遊時，你應始終將護照放在安全的地方。
EN： In Western business culture, especially when dealing with large corporations, being 'explicit' and setting 'timeframes' is seen as professional rather than rude. It helps manage expectations and ensures accountability in a busy environment.
中文： 在西方商業文化中，特別是與大型企業打交道時，「明確（explicit）」和設定「時間範圍（timeframes）」被視為專業的表現，而非不禮貌。這有助於管理預期，並在繁忙的工作環境中確保責任歸屬。
EN： The adjective 'time-sensitive' is a compound modifier used to describe information or tasks that must be handled within a specific timeframe to remain valid or effective. In professional contexts, it is more formal and urgent than simply saying 'urgent'.
中文： 形容詞「time-sensitive」是一個複合修飾語，用於描述必須在特定時間範圍內處理才能保持有效或產生效果的資訊或任務。在專業語境中，它比單純使用「urgent」更正式且更具緊迫感。
Please review the attached contract immediately, as the offer is time-sensitive.
請立即審閱隨附的合約，因為該報價具有時效性。
EN： The preposition 'by' is used to indicate a deadline, meaning 'no later than' or 'at or before' a specific time. It differs from 'until', which describes a continuous action up to a point.
中文： 介系詞「by」用於表示截止日期，意指「不遲於」或「在某個特定時間或之前」。它與「until」不同，「until」描述的是持續到某個時間點的動作。
The report must be submitted by Friday afternoon.
報告必須在週五下午之前提交。
EN： The use of 'that' as a conjunction introduces a noun clause acting as the direct object of the verb 'mention'. In formal writing, 'that' is usually retained, while in casual speech, it is often omitted.
中文： 使用「that」作為連接詞來引導名詞子句，作為動詞「mention」的直接受詞。在正式寫作中，通常會保留「that」，而在口語中則常被省略。
He mentioned that the project requirements had changed.
他提到專案需求已經改變了。
EN： In Western business culture, setting clear deadlines (like 'by Wednesday') is seen as professional and helpful rather than demanding. It provides clarity and allows the other party to prioritize their tasks effectively.
中文： 在西方商業文化中，設定明確的截止日期（如「by Wednesday」）被視為專業且有助益的行為，而非強人所難。這能提供清晰度，並讓對方能有效地安排任務的優先順序。
EN： The use of 'do' in 'if you do get through' is an emphatic auxiliary. In conditional clauses, it emphasizes the possibility or the successful completion of an action that might be difficult or uncertain.
中文： 在 'if you do get through' 中使用 'do' 是助動詞的強調用法。在條件句中，它強調了某個可能具有挑戰性或不確定性的動作確實發生或成功完成的可能性。
If you do decide to accept the offer, please let us know by Friday.
如果你真的決定接受這份工作邀約，請在週五前告知我們。
EN： The phrasal verb 'get through' in a telecommunications context means to succeed in speaking to someone on the telephone. It implies overcoming potential obstacles like busy signals or being stuck in a phone tree.
中文： 在電信情境中，片語動詞 'get through' 意指成功撥通電話並與某人交談。它隱含了克服如忙線或語音轉接系統等潛在障礙的意思。
I tried calling several times, but I couldn't get through to the technical support team.
我試著打了幾次電話，但都無法接通技術支援團隊。
EN： The expression 'put someone on hold' is a standard business idiom meaning to disconnect a caller's line temporarily while they wait to be connected to the desired person or department.
中文： 表達方式 'put someone on hold' 是標準的商務習語，意指在通話者等待轉接到特定人員或部門時，暫時中斷其通話線路（使其在線上等候）。
The operator put me on hold while she looked for the manager.
接線生在尋找經理時讓我線上等候。
EN： In Western business culture, being 'put on hold' is a common but often frustrating experience. Using 'quite a while' is a polite way to warn someone that the wait might be significant, reflecting a realistic expectation of corporate bureaucracy.
中文： 在西方商務文化中，「線上等候」(put on hold) 是常見但往往令人沮喪的經驗。使用 'quite a while' 是一種禮貌的方式，用來提醒對方等待時間可能會很長，這反映了對企業官僚體制的現實預期。
EN： The phrase 'to be on hold' is a common business idiom meaning to wait on a telephone line for someone to speak to you. It uses the passive-like state to describe the caller's situation while waiting for a connection.
中文： 短語「to be on hold」是常見的商務習語，意指在電話線上等待他人接聽。它使用類似被動的狀態來描述撥打者在等待轉接時的情況。
Please don't put me on hold again; I've been waiting for ages.
請不要再讓我掛機等待了；我已經等了很久。
EN： The conjunction 'before' is used here to indicate the duration of time that passed until a specific event occurred. In this C1 context, it emphasizes the length of the delay rather than just the sequence of events.
中文： 連詞「before」在此用於表示在特定事件發生之前所經過的時間長度。在 C1 程度的語境中，它強調的是延遲的時間長度，而不僅僅是事件的先後順序。
The meeting lasted for three hours before a decision was finally reached.
會議持續了三個小時，最後才達成決定。
EN： In Western corporate culture, being 'on hold' for 15 minutes is generally considered poor customer service. Mentioning this specific duration emphasizes frustration and justifies the need for a more direct communication strategy, such as asking for a liaison.
中文： 在西方企業文化中，讓客戶在線上等待 15 分鐘通常被視為糟糕的客戶服務。提到這個具體的時間長度是為了強調挫折感，並證明採取更直接的溝通策略（如要求轉接聯絡人）是合理的。
EN： The use of the passive infinitive 'to be transferred' follows the verb 'ask'. In professional contexts, this structure focuses on the action being performed on the subject rather than who performs the action (the receptionist).
中文： 動詞 'ask' 後接被動不定詞 'to be transferred'。在專業語境中，這種結構將焦點放在主體所承受的動作上，而非執行動作的人（如接線生）。
I requested to be notified as soon as the results were available.
我要求在結果出來後立即收到通知。
EN： 'Instead of' is a prepositional phrase followed by a gerund (-ing form). It is used to present an alternative or to suggest avoiding a less efficient course of action.
中文： 'Instead of' 是一個介係詞短語，後接動名詞（-ing 形式）。它用於提出替代方案，或建議避免某種效率較低的做法。
We should focus on solving the root cause instead of just treating the symptoms.
我們應該專注於解決根本原因，而不是僅僅對症下藥。
EN： The adverb 'directly' modifies the verb phrase to indicate the absence of intermediary steps, emphasizing efficiency in business communication.
中文： 副詞 'directly' 修飾動詞短語，表示不經過中間步驟，強調商務溝通中的效率。
Please send the invoice directly to the accounting department.
請將發票直接寄到會計部。
EN： In Western corporate environments, 'liaison' refers to a person who facilitates communication between different groups. Asking for a specific liaison or department is seen as a sign of professional assertiveness and efficiency, rather than rudeness.
中文： 在西方企業環境中，'liaison'（聯絡人）是指促進不同團隊間溝通的人。要求直接找特定的聯絡人或部門被視為專業、果斷且有效率的表現，而非不禮貌。
EN： The phrase 'What if...?' is an elliptical construction used to introduce a hypothetical situation or a concern about potential future problems. It functions as a shortened version of 'What would happen if...?' or 'What should I do if...?'
中文： 「What if...?」是一個省略結構，用於引出假設情況或對潛在問題的擔憂。它是「What would happen if...?」或「What should I do if...?」的縮寫形式，在商務溝通中常用於風險評估。
What if the shipment is delayed beyond the deadline?
要是貨物延遲超過截止日期該怎麼辦？
EN： The adverb 'either' is used at the end of a negative statement to indicate that a previous negative point also applies to the current subject. In this context, it implies that like the previous person/method mentioned, the liaison is also unavailable.
中文： 副詞「either」用於否定句末尾，表示前述的否定情況也適用於當前對象。在此語境中，它暗示就像之前提到的情況一樣，聯絡人可能也無法聯繫上。
If the manager isn't in, the assistant won't be there either.
如果經理不在，助理也不會在在那裡。
EN： In professional Western contexts, a 'liaison' is a key role responsible for communication between different organizations. Using this term instead of 'contact person' sounds more formal and specific to project management. Additionally, asking 'What if' shows proactive thinking, which is highly valued in business culture.
中文： 在西方專業語境中，「liaison」是負責不同機構間溝通的關鍵角色。使用這個詞而非「contact person」聽起來更正式且具備專案管理的專業感。此外，主動詢問「What if」展現了預判問題的積極思考（proactive thinking），這在商業文化中是非常受重視的特質。
EN： The present participle phrase 'outlining...' acts as a reduced relative clause (which outlines...), functioning as an adjective to modify the noun 'voicemail'. This is a common feature of high-level academic and professional writing to increase sentence density.
中文： 現在分詞短語「outlining...」作為簡化關係子句（which outlines...），充當形容詞來修飾名詞「voicemail」。這是高階學術和專業寫作中常見的特徵，用以增加句子的資訊密度。
The manager sent an email summarizing the key points of the meeting.
經理寄出了一封概述會議重點的電子郵件。
EN： The phrasal verb 'work against' implies struggling to complete something within a limited time or facing an opposing force. In this context, it emphasizes the pressure of a looming deadline.
中文： 片語動詞「work against」暗示在有限的時間內努力完成某事或面臨反對力量。在此語境下，它強調了迫在眉睫的截止日期所帶來的壓力。
We are working against the clock to finish the proposal by midnight.
我們正在與時間賽跑，力求在午夜前完成提案。
EN： The sentence is an imperative, which is the standard mood for giving instructions or advice. Starting with 'Then' creates a logical sequence following a previous condition.
中文： 此句為祈使句，是提供指示或建議的標準語氣。以「Then」開頭則建立了接續前述條件的邏輯順序。
Then submit your application through the online portal.
那麼請透過線上門戶提交您的申請。
EN： In Western corporate culture, 'deliverables' is a standard term for the quantifiable goods or services that must be provided upon a project's completion. Being 'concise' in communication is highly valued as it respects the recipient's time, especially when dealing with busy liaisons or vendors.
中文： 在西方企業文化中，「deliverables」（交付成果）是專案完成時必須提供的量化產品或服務的標準術語。在溝通中保持「concise」（簡潔）被視為一種美德，因為這展現了對收件人時間的尊重，特別是在與繁忙的聯絡人或供應商打交道時。
EN： The phrasal verb 'follow up' is used to take further action on a previous matter. When used with 'with', it specifies the medium or method used for the subsequent action.
中文： 片語動詞 'follow up' 用於對先前的事項採取進一步行動。當與 'with' 連用時，它指定了用於後續行動的媒介或方式。
I will follow up with a phone call if I don't hear from them by Friday.
如果到週五還沒收到他們的音訊，我會打電話跟進。
EN： The conjunction 'so' (often 'so that' in formal writing) introduces a clause of purpose or result, explaining the objective behind the action in the main clause.
中文： 連接詞 'so'（在正式寫作中常為 'so that'）引導一個目的或結果子句，解釋主句動作背後的目標。
Please leave the door open so the cat can come in.
請把門開著，好讓貓能進來。
EN： The existential construction 'there is/are' is used to state the existence of something. In this context, it refers to the creation and existence of a 'written record'.
中文： 存在句型 'there is/are' 用於陳述某事物的存在。在此語境中，它指的是「書面記錄」的產生與存在。
There is a strict policy regarding late submissions.
關於逾期提交有一項嚴格的政策。
EN： In Western business culture, a 'written record' or 'paper trail' is highly valued for accountability. Even after a verbal agreement or phone call, it is standard practice to send a 'summary email' to confirm what was discussed.
中文： 在西方商業文化中，「書面記錄」或「文字憑據」(paper trail) 對於釐清責任歸屬非常重要。即使在口頭協議或電話交談後，發送一封「總結郵件」以確認討論內容是標準的職場做法。
EN： Negative Inversion: When a sentence begins with a negative adverbial phrase like 'Never', 'Seldom', or 'Rarely', the subject and the auxiliary verb are inverted (Auxiliary + Subject + Verb). This is used for emphasis and is common in formal or literary contexts.
中文： 否定倒裝句：當句子以 'Never'、'Seldom' 或 'Rarely' 等否定副詞開頭時，主詞與助動詞的位置需要對調（助動詞 + 主詞 + 動詞）。這用於加強語氣，常見於正式或文學語境中。
Never have I seen such a disorganized project plan.
我從未見過如此混亂的專案計畫。
EN： The use of 'solely' as a restrictive adverb: 'Solely' is a more formal synonym for 'only' or 'exclusively'. It emphasizes that no other factors or methods are involved.
中文： 使用 'solely' 作為限定副詞：'Solely' 是 'only' 或 'exclusively' 的正式同義詞，強調不涉及其他因素或方法。
The success of the campaign depends solely on our teamwork.
活動的成功完全取決於我們的團隊合作。
EN： In Western business culture, 'getting it in writing' is a fundamental principle. While phone calls are good for building rapport, critical decisions or instructions must be followed up with an email to create a 'paper trail' for accountability.
中文： 在西方商業文化中，「留下書面記錄」是一項基本原則。雖然電話有利於建立關係，但關鍵決策或指示必須透過電子郵件進行後續跟進，以建立「書面證據」(paper trail) 以釐清責任。
EN： The use of 'Understood' as a standalone sentence is a common ellipsis in professional contexts, functioning as a concise way to acknowledge instructions or information without repeating the full subject and verb (e.g., 'It is understood' or 'I have understood').
中文： 「Understood」作為獨立句子是職場中常見的省略用法，這是一種簡潔的方式來確認已收到指令或訊息，而無需重複完整的主詞與動詞（例如：It is understood 或 I have understood）。
Understood. I will update the project timeline accordingly.
明白了。我會相應地更新專案時程表。
EN： The phrase 'the way' functions as a relative adverbial, often introducing a clause that describes the manner in which an action is performed. In modern English, 'that' or 'in which' is frequently omitted after 'the way'.
中文： 「the way」在此作為關係副詞用法，引導一個子句來描述動作進行的方式。在現代英語中，「the way」之後通常會省略「that」或「in which」。
She handled the difficult negotiation the way her mentor had taught her.
她按照導師教導她的方式處理了那場艱難的談判。
EN： In Western corporate culture, 'Understood' is a powerful, high-register word that signals competence and accountability. It is more formal than 'Okay' and more professional than 'I get it'. Following up with a specific action plan (I'll call... and handle...) is a standard way to build trust with a supervisor or colleague.
中文： 在西方企業文化中，「Understood」是一個強而有力且語氣較正式的詞彙，傳遞出勝任感與負責任的態度。它比「Okay」更正式，也比「I get it」更具專業感。隨後緊接著具體的行動計畫（I'll call... and handle...）是與主管或同事建立信任的標準溝通方式。
EN： The conjunction 'once' is used as a temporal subordinator meaning 'as soon as'. In future-oriented time clauses, the present perfect tense ('have heard') is used to emphasize the completion of an action before the main clause action occurs.
中文： 連接詞「once」作為時間從屬連接詞，意為「一……就」。在指向未來的時間副詞子句中，使用現在完成式（have heard）是為了強調在主句動作發生之前，該動作必須先完成。
Once you have signed the contract, we will begin the onboarding process.
一旦你簽署了合約，我們就會開始入職流程。
EN： The idiomatic expression 'take it from there' is a common business phrase meaning to continue a process or task from a certain point, usually after a preliminary step has been completed.
中文： 慣用語「take it from there」是常見的商務用語，意指從某個點開始繼續進行某項流程或任務，通常是在初步步驟完成之後。
Let's see how the client reacts to the proposal, and we'll take it from there.
我們看看客戶對提案的反應如何，然後再決定後續該怎麼做。
EN： In Western business culture, 'take it from there' reflects a pragmatic approach to project management. It implies flexibility, suggesting that the next steps depend on the outcome of the current action, rather than following a rigid, pre-set script.
中文： 在西方商務文化中，「take it from there」反映了一種務實的專案管理方式。它隱含了靈活性，暗示下一步行動將取決於當前行動的結果，而非死板地遵循預設劇本。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 採購，指公司或機構獲取貨物或服務的過程。
在本文中： 迅速地、準時地。
在本文中： 明確地、詳盡地。
在本文中： 有時間限制的、對時間敏感的。
在本文中： 聯絡人、窗口。
在本文中： 簡潔的、簡明扼要的。
在本文中： 應交付的成果、交付物。
在本文中： 僅僅、完全地。
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
To succeed in speaking to someone on the telephone.
（電話）接通。
To make someone wait on the telephone line.
請某人稍候（不掛斷電話）。
To take further action connected with something that happened before.
後續跟進。
To decide what to do next after a particular point has been reached.
到時候再看著辦、屆時再決定後續行動。
The division within a company responsible for purchasing goods and services from external suppliers.
採購部門
Companies or individuals that sell goods or services to another company, often as part of a supply chain.
供應商
A state where a telephone call is connected but the caller is waiting to be spoken to or transferred.
（電話）線上等候
A person who acts as a link or intermediary between different organizations or departments to ensure effective communication.
專案聯絡人 / 窗口
The quantifiable goods or services that must be provided upon the completion of a project or a stage of a project.
交付成果 / 應交付物