EN： The noun clause introduced by 'that' acts as an appositive, which directly explains or defines the abstract noun 'the fact'. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' here is a conjunction and does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) inside the clause itself.
中文： 由「that」引導的名詞子句作為同位語，直接解釋或定義抽象名詞「the fact」（事實）。與關係子句不同，這裡的「that」是連接詞，在子句內部不擔任任何文法角色（如主詞或受詞）。
The news that our team won made us cheer.
我們隊伍獲勝的消息讓我們歡呼。
EN： The subject of the main sentence is 'The fact' (singular), which requires the singular verb 'helps' to maintain subject-verb agreement, even though the intervening clause contains the plural pronoun 'we'.
中文： 主要句子的主詞是單數的「The fact」，因此需要單數動詞「helps」以維持主詞與動詞的一致性，即使中間插入的子句中含有複數代名詞「we」。
The belief that effort pays keeps me going.
努力終有回報的信念支持著我繼續前行。
EN： Appositive Clause: The 'that' clause functions as an appositive to the noun 'idea'. Unlike relative clauses, the 'that' here is a conjunction (not a relative pronoun) and does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) in the clause itself. It simply explains the content of the noun 'idea'.
中文： 同位語從句：以 'that' 引導的從句作為名詞 'idea'（想法）的同位語。與關係代名詞引導的關係子句不同，這裡的 'that' 是一個連接詞，在子句中不充當任何語法角色（如主詞或受詞），僅用於補充說明名詞 'idea' 的具體內容。
I believe in the hope that tomorrow will be better.
我堅信明天會更好的這個希望。
EN： Modal Verb 'can': Used to express ability or possibility. In this context, it indicates the potential or capability of everyone to learn.
中文： 情態助動詞 'can'：用於表示能力或可能性。在此語境中，它表示每個人都具備學習的潛力或能力。
She believes that anyone can achieve their dreams.
她相信任何人都能實現他們的夢想。
EN： Appositive Clause (Noun Clause): The word 'that' introduces a noun clause that explains the content of the noun 'news'. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' here is a conjunction and does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) within the clause itself.
中文： 同位語從句（名詞性從句）：引導詞「that」引導一個名詞性從句，用來解釋和說明前面抽象名詞「news」（消息）的具體內容。與關係代名詞引導的定語從句不同，「that」在此僅作為連接詞，在從句中不擔當任何語法成分（如主語或賓語）。
The belief that effort pays keeps me going.
努力終有回報的信念支撐著我繼續前行。
EN： Causative Verb 'make': The verb 'make' is used here as a causative verb meaning 'to cause someone to do something'. It is followed by an object and a bare infinitive (verb in its base form without 'to').
中文： 使役動詞「make」：動詞「make」在此處用作使役動詞，表示「使某人做某事」。其後接賓語和省略「to」的動詞不定詞（即動詞原形）。
The sad movie made us cry.
那部悲傷的電影讓我們哭了。
EN： Appositive Clause (Noun Clause): The 'that' clause ('that effort pays') acts as an appositive to the noun 'belief', explaining the exact content of the belief. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' in an appositive clause is a conjunction and does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) within the clause itself.
中文： 同位語從句（名詞性從句）：由 'that' 引導的從句（'that effort pays'）作為名詞 'belief'（信念）的同位語，用以解釋該信念的具體內容。與關係代名詞引導的定語從句不同，同位語從句中的 'that' 僅作為連接詞，在從句中不擔當任何語法成分（如主語或賓語）。
The hope that we can win the game gives us strength.
「我們能贏得比賽」的希望給了我們力量。
EN： Causative/Resultative structure 'keep someone doing something': This structure is used to describe an action or state that causes someone to continue doing a particular activity over a period of time.
中文： 使役/結果結構 'keep someone doing something'（使某人持續做某事）：此結構用於描述某種力量或狀態，使某人能夠在一段時間內持續進行某項活動。
The upbeat music keeps me running faster.
輕快的音樂讓我持續跑得更快。
EN： The phrase 'effort pays' (often expressed as 'effort pays off') reflects a strong cultural value in English-speaking societies regarding meritocracy and self-reliance—the belief that hard work eventually leads to success and is inherently worthwhile.
中文： 「effort pays」（通常也寫作 'effort pays off'，意為付出終有回報）反映了英語系國家中對於「個人奮鬥」與「功績主義」的深厚文化價值觀——即相信只要努力不懈，最終必定會獲得回報與成功。
EN： The noun clause starting with 'that' acts as an appositive clause (同位語子句). It directly explains the content of the abstract noun 'hope'. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' here is a conjunction and does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) inside the clause itself.
中文： 由「that」引導的名詞子句在此作為同位語子句，用來直接補充說明抽象名詞「hope（希望）」的具體內容。與關係代名詞不同，這裡的「that」是連接詞，在子句中不擔任任何主詞或受詞等成分。
The belief that honesty is the best policy guides his decisions.
「誠實為上策」這個信念指引著他的決定。
EN： The verb 'gives' is a ditransitive verb (雙賓動詞) which takes an indirect object ('us') and a direct object ('strength') to show who receives what.
中文： 動詞「gives（給予）」是一個雙賓動詞（授與動詞），後面接間接受詞（「us」，指人）與直接受詞（「strength」，指物），用來表示將某物給予某人。
The teacher gave the students some advice.
老師給了學生們一些建議。
EN： The noun clause introduced by 'that' acts as an appositive clause (同位語從句). It directly explains the content of the abstract noun 'the truth'. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' in an appositive clause is a conjunction and does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) within the clause itself.
中文： 由「that」引導的名詞子句在此作為同位語子句，用來直接補充說明抽象名詞「the truth（事實/真理）」的具體內容。與關係子句不同，同位語子句中的「that」是連接詞，在子句中不充當任何主語或賓語等語法角色。
The belief that effort pays keeps me going.
努力終有回報的這個信念支持著我繼續前進。
EN： The verb 'matter' is used here as an intransitive verb meaning 'to be important' or 'to have significance'. It is commonly used in the simple present tense to state a general truth or fact.
中文： 動詞「matter」在此處是不及物動詞，意思是「重要」或「有重大關係」。它常用於現在簡單式，用來陳述一個普遍的真理或事實。
Your opinion matters to us.
你的意見對我們來說很重要。
EN： Appositive Clause (Noun Clause): The 'that-clause' ('that kindness spreads') acts as an appositive to the noun 'the idea'. It explains the exact content of the idea, rather than modifying it like a relative clause. In this structure, 'that' is a conjunction and does not play a grammatical role inside the clause.
中文： 同位語從句（名詞性從句）：由 'that' 引導的從句（'that kindness spreads'）作為名詞 'the idea' 的同位語，用來解釋該想法的具體內容，而非像關係代名詞從句那樣起修飾作用。在此結構中，'that' 為連接詞，在從句中不擔任任何語法成分。
The belief that honesty is the best policy guides his decisions.
「誠實為上策」這個信念指引著他的決定。
EN： Subject-Verb Agreement with Complex Subjects: When the subject of a sentence is modified by a long clause or phrase (like 'The idea that kindness spreads'), the main verb ('is') must agree with the head noun of the subject ('The idea', which is singular), not the noun inside the clause ('kindness' or 'spreads').
中文： 複雜主詞的主動詞一致性：當句子的主詞後面接有長從句或片語修飾（例如 'The idea that kindness spreads'）時，主要動詞（'is'）必須與主詞的核心名詞（單數的 'The idea'）保持一致，而非與從句中的名詞一致。
The news that our friends arrived makes us happy.
我們朋友已經抵達的這個消息讓我們很高興。
EN： The noun clause introduced by 'that' acts as an appositive (同位語) to the noun 'fact'. It provides the specific content of the 'fact'. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' here is a conjunction and does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) within the clause itself.
中文： 由 'that' 引導的名詞子句作為名詞 'fact'（事實）的同位語，用來補充說明該「事實」的具體內容。與關係代名詞子句不同，這裡的 'that' 是連接詞，在子句中不擔任任何主詞或受詞等文法角色。
The news that our team won the game made us happy.
我們隊伍贏得比賽的這個消息讓我們很高興。
EN： The transitive verb 'impress' means to make someone feel admiration and respect. The structure is 'something impresses someone' (主詞使受詞留下深刻印象).
中文： 及物動詞 'impress' 意為「使…留下深刻印象」或「使人欽佩」。其常用結構為「某事/某人 + impress + 某人」。
His dedication to the project impressed the manager.
他對這個專案的奉獻精神給經理留下了深刻的印象。
EN： Appositive Clause: The 'that' clause ('that we can help') is used as an appositive to explain the content of the noun 'the thought'. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' in an appositive clause is a conjunction and does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) within the clause itself.
中文： 同位語從句：這裡的 'that' 引導的從句（that we can help）作為名詞 'the thought'（想法）的同位語，用來解釋該想法的具體內容。與關係代名詞引導的關係從句不同，同位語從句中的 'that' 是連接詞，在從句中不充當任何主語或賓語等語法成分。
The belief that effort pays keeps me going.
「努力終有回報」這個信念支持著我繼續前進。
EN： Causative/Emotion Verb 'excite': The verb 'excite' means 'to cause someone to feel very enthusiastic and eager'. In English, many emotion verbs (like excite, interest, bore) are transitive and take the person experiencing the emotion as the direct object.
中文： 使役/情感動詞 'excite'：動詞 'excite' 的意思是「使某人感到興奮、激動」。在英文中，許多表示情感的動詞（如 excite、interest、bore）都是及物動詞，其直接賓語通常是體驗該情感的人。
The news that our team won excited everyone.
我們隊伍獲勝的消息讓每個人都很興奮。
EN： Appositive Clause (同位語從句): The 'that' clause ('that water exists there') acts as an appositive to the noun 'discovery'. It explains the exact content of the discovery. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' in an appositive clause is a conjunction and does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) within the clause itself.
中文： 同位語從句：由 'that' 引導的從句（'that water exists there'）用來補充說明抽象名詞 'discovery'（發現）的具體內容。與關係代名詞引導的形容詞從句不同，同位語從句中的 'that' 僅作為連接詞，在從句中不充當任何主語或賓語等語法角色。
The news that our team won the game spread quickly.
我們隊贏得比賽的消息迅速傳開了。
EN： The adjective 'huge' is used here as a subject complement following the linking verb 'is'. In informal or semi-formal English, 'huge' often means 'extremely important' or 'of great significance', rather than just physical size.
中文： 形容詞 'huge' 在此處作為連繫動詞 'is' 後面的主語補語。在非正式或半正式的英語中，'huge' 常用來表示「極其重要」或「意義重大」，而不僅僅是指物理體積上的巨大。
The decision to merge the two companies is huge.
合併這兩家公司的決定意義重大。
EN： Appositive Clause (同位語從句): The conjunction 'that' introduces a noun clause that explains the content of the preceding abstract noun (in this case, 'the rule'). Unlike relative clauses, 'that' in an appositive clause does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) within the clause itself; it merely connects the noun to its explanation.
中文： 同位語從句：連接詞「that」引導的名詞子句，用來解釋前面抽象名詞（在此為「the rule」，即規則）的具體內容。與關係代名詞不同，同位語從句中的「that」在子句中不擔任任何主詞或受詞等語法角色，僅起連接作用。
The belief that effort pays keeps me going.
「努力終有回報」這個信念支持著我繼續前進。
EN： Subject-Verb Agreement with Complex Subjects: When the subject of a sentence is accompanied by a long modifying clause (such as an appositive clause), the main verb must still agree with the head noun of the subject. Here, the singular noun 'The rule' takes the singular verb 'is'.
中文： 複雜主詞的主詞與動詞一致性：當句子的主詞後面接有較長的修飾子句（如同位語從句）時，主要動詞仍必須與主詞的核心名詞保持一致。在此句中，單數名詞「The rule」對應單數動詞「is」。
EN： The noun clause introduced by 'that' acts as an appositive (同位語) to explain the content of the noun 'dream'. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' in an appositive clause is a conjunction, not a pronoun, and cannot be omitted or replaced by 'which'.
中文： 由 'that' 引導的名詞子句作為同位語，用來解釋名詞 'dream'（夢想）的具體內容。與關係子句不同，同位語子句中的 'that' 是連接詞而非代名詞，不能省略，也不能用 'which' 代替。
The belief that honesty is the best policy guides his decisions.
「誠實為上策」這個信念指引著他的決定。
EN： The phrase 'be worth doing' means that something deserves to be done. Although the meaning is passive (the dream is fought for), we use the active gerund form (fighting for) after 'worth'.
中文： 片語 'be worth doing' 表示某事值得被做。雖然語意上是被動的（夢想被奮鬥爭取），但在 'worth' 後面必須使用主動形式的動名詞（fighting for）。
This ancient temple is worth visiting.
這座古老寺廟值得一訪。
EN： The present perfect tense (have + past participle) is used here with 'always' to describe an action or state that started in the past and continues to the present moment, emphasizing a long-held belief or feeling.
中文： 現在完成式（have + 過去分詞）在此與「always（總是/一直）」連用，用來描述一個從過去開始並持續到現在的動作或狀態，強調長期以來抱持的信念或感受。
She has always believed that honesty is the best policy.
她一直以來都相信誠實是最好的策略。
EN： An appositive clause (noun clause starting with 'that') is used to explain the content of the noun 'idea'. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' in an appositive clause is a conjunction and does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) within the clause itself.
中文： 同位語從句（以 that 引導的名詞子句）用於解釋名詞「idea（想法）」的具體內容。與關係子句不同，同位語從句中的「that」是連接詞，在子句中不擔任任何文法角色（如主詞或受詞）。
The news that our team won the game surprised everyone.
我們隊贏得比賽的這個消息讓每個人都很驚訝。
EN： The phrase 'make a difference' is a deeply ingrained cultural concept in English-speaking societies, especially in the US and UK. It reflects a strong belief in individualism and civic duty—the idea that a single person's actions, no matter how small, have the power to positively impact the community or the world.
中文： 「make a difference（有所作為/帶來改變）」是英語系國家（特別是美英社會）中根深蒂固的文化觀念。它反映了對個人主義和公民責任的強烈信念——即單一一個人的行動，無論多麼微小，都有能力對社區或世界產生積極的影響。
EN： The noun clause starting with 'that' is an appositive clause (同位語子句). It is used to explain or define the abstract noun 'the fact'. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' here is a conjunction and does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) inside the clause itself.
中文： 以 'that' 開頭的名詞子句在此作為「同位語子句」，用來補充說明或定義抽象名詞 'the fact'（事實）。與關係代名詞子句不同，這裡的 'that' 是連接詞，在子句中不充當任何主詞或受詞角色。
The news that our team won made us cheer.
我們隊伍獲勝的這個消息讓我們歡呼。
EN： The phrasal verb 'add up' means to gradually increase in amount or strength to have a significant total effect.
中文： 片語動詞 'add up' 在此表示「積少成多」或「累積」，指微小的數量或力量逐漸增加，最終產生顯著的整體效果。
Small savings can add up to a large amount of money over time.
隨著時間的推移，微小的儲蓄可以累積成一筆大錢。
EN： Appositive clause (noun clause): The 'that' clause ('that our river was polluted') acts as an appositive to the noun 'the news'. It explains the exact content of the news. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' here is a conjunction and does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) inside the clause itself.
中文： 同位語從句（名詞子句）：'that' 引導的子句（that our river was polluted）作為名詞 'the news' 的同位語，用來補充說明該消息的具體內容。與關係代名詞引導的關係子句不同，這裡的 'that' 是連接詞，在子句中不充當任何語法成分（如主語或賓語）。
The belief that effort pays keeps me going.
努力終有回報的信念支撐著我繼續前行。
EN： Passive voice in the past tense: 'was polluted' is used to show that the river (the subject of the clause) received the action of being polluted, focusing on the state or the result of the action in the past.
中文： 過去式的被動語態：'was polluted' 用於表示河川（子句中的主詞）在過去遭受了污染，強調過去受動的狀態或動作的結果。
The ancient temple was destroyed during the war.
那座古老的神廟在戰爭中被摧毀了。
EN： Appositive Clause (Noun Clause): The 'that' clause ('that we could fix it') acts as an appositive to the noun 'belief'. It explains the exact content of the belief. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' here is a conjunction, not a relative pronoun, and the clause is complete on its own.
中文： 同位語從句（名詞性從句）：由 'that' 引導的從句（'that we could fix it'）作為名詞 'belief'（信念）的同位語，用來解釋該信念的具體內容。與關係從句不同，這裡的 'that' 是連接詞，在從句中不擔任任何成分，且從句本身結構完整。
The news that our team won the game made us happy.
我們隊贏得比賽的消息讓我們很高興。
EN： Verb Pattern 'push someone to do something': This structure means to strongly encourage, motivate, or force someone to take a specific action.
中文： 動詞句型 'push someone to do something'（推動/促使某人做某事）：此結構表示強烈鼓勵、激勵或迫使某人採取特定行動。
The teacher's encouragement pushed him to study harder.
老師的鼓勵促使他更加努力學習。
EN： The noun clause introduced by 'that' acts as an appositive clause (同位語子句) to explain the content of the noun 'idea'. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' in an appositive clause is a conjunction, not a pronoun, and does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) within the clause itself.
中文： 由「that」引導的名詞子句作為名詞「idea」的同位語子句，用來補充說明該想法的具體內容。與關係代名詞子句不同，同位語子句中的「that」是連接詞，在子句中不充當任何主語或賓語等語法角色。
I agree with the belief that honesty is the best policy.
我同意「誠實為上策」這個信念。
EN： The phrasal verb 'start with' means to begin an activity or process with a particular thing or action. Here, 'with' is a preposition followed by the noun phrase 'the simple idea'.
中文： 片語動詞「start with」表示以某個特定的事物或行動開始一個活動或過程。在這裡，「with」是介係詞，後面接名詞片語「the simple idea」。
We should start the meeting with a brief introduction.
我們應該以簡短的自我介紹來開始會議。
EN： Appositive Clause (Noun Clause): The 'that' clause ('that change takes time') acts as an appositive to the noun 'the truth'. It explains the exact content of the 'truth'. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' in an appositive clause is a conjunction (not a pronoun) and is fully complete grammatically.
中文： 同位語從句（名詞性從句）：由 'that' 引導的從句（'that change takes time'）作為名詞 'the truth' 的同位語，用來解釋該「事實/真理」的具體內容。與關係代名詞引導的定語從句不同，同位語從句中的 'that' 僅作為連接詞，且從句本身結構完整。
The belief that we can succeed motivates us.
我們能成功的信念激勵著我們。
EN： Simple Past Tense Negative with 'did not': To form a negative statement in the simple past tense for action verbs, use the auxiliary verb 'did not' (or 'didn't') followed by the base form of the main verb ('stop').
中文： 使用 'did not' 的一般過去時否定句：在一般過去時中，若要對行為動詞進行否定，需使用助動詞 'did not'（或縮寫 'didn't'），後面接動詞原形（此處為 'stop'）。
The rain did not ruin our plans.
這場雨並沒有毀掉我們的計劃。
EN： Appositive Clause (Noun Clause): The word 'that' introduces an appositive clause ('that the river could recover') which explains the specific content of the abstract noun 'hope'. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' here is a conjunction and does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) inside the clause.
中文： 同位語從句（名詞性從句）：單字「that」引導一個同位語從句（that the river could recover），用來解釋抽象名詞「hope」（希望）的具體內容。與關係代名詞不同，這裡的「that」是連接詞，在從句中不充當任何語法角色（如主語或賓語）。
The belief that honesty is the best policy guides his decisions.
誠實至上的信念指引著他的決定。
EN： Linking Verb and Adjective Complement: The verb 'grow' is used here as a linking verb (copula) meaning 'to become'. It is followed by the comparative adjective 'stronger' which functions as the subject complement, describing the change in state of the subject 'hope'.
中文： 連繫動詞與形容詞補語：動詞「grow」在此處用作連繫動詞，意思是「變得」。後面接形容詞比較級「stronger」作為主語補語，用來描述主語「hope」（希望）的狀態變化。
As autumn approaches, the days grow shorter.
隨著秋天臨近，白天變得越來越短。
EN： Appositive Clause (Noun Clause): The word 'that' introduces a noun clause that explains the exact content of the noun 'discovery'. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' here is a conjunction and does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) inside the clause.
中文： 同位語從句（名詞性從句）：這裡的 'that' 引導一個名詞子句，用來補充說明名詞 'discovery'（發現）的具體內容。與關係子句不同，這裡的 'that' 是連接詞，在子句中不擔任任何主語或賓語等語法角色。
The news that our team won the game made us happy.
我們隊伍贏得比賽的消息讓我們很高興。
EN： Past Perfect Tense: Used to describe an action ('had returned') that was completed before another action in the past ('filled us with joy').
中文： 過去完成時：用於描述在過去某個動作或時間點（這裡指 'filled us with joy' 讓我們充滿喜悅）之前就已經完成的動作（'had returned' 魚群已經回來）。
She realized that she had left her keys at home.
她意識到她把鑰匙忘在家裡了。
EN： Appositive Clause (同位語從句): The 'that' clause ('that we had helped') acts as an appositive to the noun 'The thought'. It explains the exact content of the thought. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' in an appositive clause is a conjunction and does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) within the clause itself.
中文： 同位語從句：這裡的 'that' 引導從句（that we had helped）作為名詞 'The thought'（想法）的同位語，用來補充說明該想法的具體內容。與關係代名詞引導的定語從句不同，同位語從句中的 'that' 僅作為連接詞，在從句中不擔當任何語法成分（如主語或賓語）。
The belief that honesty is the best policy guides his decisions.
誠實乃上策的這個信念指引著他的決定。
EN： Make + Object + Object Complement (make + 賓語 + 賓語補語): The verb 'made' is followed by the object 'every effort' and the adjective phrase 'worth it' acting as the object complement, which describes the state or result of the object.
中文： 使役動詞 make + 賓語 + 賓語補語：動詞 'made' 後面接賓語 'every effort'（每一分努力），接著使用形容詞片語 'worth it'（值得的）作為賓語補語，用來描述該賓語的狀態或結果。
The good news made everyone happy.
這個好消息讓每個人都很開心。
EN： Appositive Clause: The conjunction 'that' introduces a noun clause that explains the exact content of the noun preceding it (in this case, 'the belief'). Unlike relative clauses, 'that' does not act as a subject or object within the clause; it is simply a connector, and the clause is grammatically complete.
中文： 同位語從句：連接詞「that」引導一個名詞子句，用來解釋其前面名詞（在此為「the belief」，即信念）的具體內容。與關係代名詞不同，「that」在子句中不擔任主詞或受詞，僅起連接作用，且子句本身結構完整。
The news that our team won the game spread quickly.
我們隊贏得比賽的消息迅速傳開了。
EN： Collocation 'hold the belief': This is a formal collocation meaning to have a particular opinion or belief. 'Hold' is used here to express maintaining or possessing a conviction over time.
中文： 固定搭配「hold the belief」：這是一個正式的搭配詞，意思是「抱持著某種信念或觀點」。這裡的「hold」用來表示長期維持或擁有某種堅定的信念。
Many people hold the belief that honesty is the best policy.
許多人抱持著誠實為上策的信念。
EN： The noun clause introduced by 'that' acts as an appositive (同位語) to explain the content of the noun 'the fact'. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' in an appositive clause is a conjunction and does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) within the clause itself.
中文： 由「that」引導的名詞子句作為名詞「the fact」（事實）的同位語，用來補充說明該事實的具體內容。與關係代名詞子句不同，同位語子句中的「that」是連接詞，在子句中不充當任何主語或賓語等語法角色。
The news that our team won made us cheer.
我們隊伍獲勝的消息讓我們歡呼。
EN： The phrase 'not... at all' is used for emphasis to mean 'not in any way' or 'completely not'. 'At all' is placed at the end of a negative statement to strengthen the negation.
中文： 片語「not... at all」用於加強否定語氣，表示「一點也不」或「完全不」。在否定句中，「at all」通常放在句尾以增強否定效果。
The test was not difficult at all.
這次考試一點也不難。
EN： Appositive Clause (Noun Clause): The 'that' clause ('that we can heal our world') acts as an appositive to the noun 'dream'. It explains the specific content of the dream. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' here is a conjunction, not a relative pronoun, and the clause is grammatically complete.
中文： 同位語從句（名詞性從句）：'that' 引導的從句（that we can heal our world）作為名詞 'dream'（夢想）的同位語，用來解釋該夢想的具體內容。與關係代名詞引導的關係子句不同，這裡的 'that' 是連接詞，且從句本身結構完整。
The belief that effort pays keeps me going.
努力終有回報這個信念，支撐著我繼續前行。
EN： Keep + Object + Object Complement (Present Participle): The verb 'keep' can be followed by an object and a present participle (-ing form) to describe an ongoing state or action that the object is caused to continue doing.
中文： Keep + 受詞 + 受詞補語（現在分詞）：動詞 'keep' 後面可以接一個受詞和現在分詞（-ing 形式），用來描述受詞被持續維持在某個進行中的狀態或動作。
The music keeps me working efficiently.
這音樂讓我保持高效工作。
EN： Using 'What + noun' as the subject of a question. In this structure, 'What idea' acts as the subject of the sentence, so we do not use auxiliary verbs like 'do' or 'does'. The verb 'inspires' directly follows the subject.
中文： 使用「What + 名詞」作為疑問句的主詞。在此結構中，「What idea」（什麼想法）直接擔任句子的主詞，因此不需要使用助動詞（如 do 或 does），動詞「inspires」直接接在主詞後面。
What color suits me best?
什麼顏色最適合我？
EN： The use of the adverb 'most' to express the superlative degree. When modifying a verb like 'inspire', 'most' is placed after the object to mean 'to the greatest extent'.
中文： 副詞「most」用來表示最高級。當用來修飾像「inspire」這樣的動詞時，「most」放在受詞後面，表示「最、最大程度地」。
Which song touches you most?
哪首歌最觸動你？
EN： In English-speaking cultures, addressing someone directly by their first name (like 'Emma') at the end of a question is a common way to show warmth, personal connection, and to ensure the person knows they are being directly addressed in a friendly manner.
中文： 在英語系國家中，在問句尾端直接稱呼對方的名字（如「艾瑪」）是一種非常普遍的社交方式，能展現親切感與個人連結，並讓對方感受到自己正受到友善且直接的關注。
EN： Appositive Clause (Noun Clause): The 'that' clause ('that art can heal people') acts as an appositive to the noun 'idea'. It explains the exact content of the 'idea'. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' here is a conjunction, not a relative pronoun, and the clause is complete on its own.
中文： 同位語從句（名詞性從句）：由 'that' 引導的從句（that art can heal people）作為名詞 'idea'（想法）的同位語，用來解釋該想法的具體內容。與關係代名詞引導的關係從句不同，這裡的 'that' 是連接詞，且從句本身結構完整。
The belief that honesty is the best policy guides his decisions.
「誠實為上策」這個信念指引著他的決定。
EN： Transitive Verb 'inspire': The verb 'inspire' means to fill someone with the urge or ability to do or feel something. It is a transitive verb that directly takes an object (in this case, 'me').
中文： 及物動詞 'inspire'（啟發/鼓舞）：動詞 'inspire' 意為使人產生做某事或產生某種情感的衝動或能力。它是一個及物動詞，後面直接接賓語（在此句中為 'me'）。
EN： The concept of art therapy (using creative processes to improve physical, mental, and emotional well-being) is highly recognized in modern Western psychology and education. Emma's statement reflects a widespread belief in the transformative and therapeutic power of creative expression.
中文： 藝術治療（利用創造性過程來改善生理、心理和情感健康）在現代西方心理學和教育界中受到高度認可。艾瑪（Emma）的話反映了人們普遍相信創造性表達具有轉化與療癒的力量。
EN： The noun clause 'that we have one Earth' acts as an appositive clause (同位語從句) that explains the specific content of the noun 'The fact'. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' in an appositive clause is a conjunction and does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) inside the clause.
中文： 名詞子句「that we have one Earth」作為同位語從句，用來解釋名詞「The fact（事實）」的具體內容。與關係子句不同，同位語從句中的「that」是連接詞，在子句中不充當任何主語或賓語等語法角色。
The news that our team won made us cheer.
我們隊伍獲勝的消息讓我們歡呼。
EN： The verb 'worry' is used transitively here, meaning 'to make someone feel anxious or upset'. The structure is 'Something worries someone', where the cause of worry is the subject, and the person feeling worried is the object.
中文： 動詞「worry」在此處作及物動詞使用，意思是「使某人擔憂、發愁」。其結構為「某事 worries 某人」，其中引起擔憂的事物作主詞，而感到擔憂的人作受詞。
The thought of failing the exam worries me.
想到考試可能會不及格就讓我擔憂。
EN： The phrase 'one Earth' reflects the global environmental awareness movement. It emphasizes the uniqueness and vulnerability of our planet, a common theme in modern ecological discussions and education.
中文： 「one Earth（一個地球）」這個表達反映了全球環保意識運動。它強調了我們星球的唯一性與脆弱性，是現代生態討論與教育中常見的主題。
EN： The noun clause introduced by 'that' acts as an appositive (同位語) to the noun 'belief'. An appositive clause explains or defines the content of abstract nouns like 'belief', 'idea', 'fact', or 'news'. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' here is a conjunction, not a relative pronoun, and is followed by a complete sentence.
中文： 由「that」引導的名詞子句作為名詞「belief」（信念）的同位語。同位語子句用於解釋或定義抽象名詞（如 belief、idea、fact、news 等）的具體內容。與關係子句不同，這裡的「that」是連接詞而非關係代名詞，後面必須接一個完整的句子。
I support the idea that we should protect the environment.
我支持我們應該保護環境的這個想法。
EN： The verb 'matter' is an intransitive verb meaning 'to be important' or 'to have significance'. It is commonly used in the third person singular ('matters') to emphasize the value or importance of someone or something.
中文： 動詞「matter」是不及物動詞，意思是「重要」或「有重大關係」。它常用於第三人稱單數（matters），用來強調某人或某事物的價值與重要性。
Your opinion matters to us.
你的意見對我們很重要。
EN： The phrase 'everyone matters' reflects a core democratic and individualistic value in many English-speaking cultures, emphasizing that every single person has inherent worth and deserves respect, regardless of their background.
中文： 「everyone matters」（每個人都很重要）這句話反映了許多英語系國家核心的民主與個人主義價值觀，強調不論背景如何，每個人都擁有與生俱來的價值，且都值得被尊重。
EN： Appositive Clause (同位語從句): The 'that' clause ('that the park reopened') acts as an appositive to the noun 'the news'. It provides the specific content of the news. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' here is a conjunction, not a relative pronoun, and does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) within the clause itself.
中文： 同位語從句：由 'that' 引導的從句（'that the park reopened'）用來補充說明先行詞 'the news'（消息）的具體內容。與關係代名詞引導的定語從句不同，這裡的 'that' 是連接詞，在從句中不充當任何語法成分（如主語或賓語）。
The belief that effort pays keeps me going.
努力終有回報的信念支持著我繼續前行。
EN： Causative Structure with 'Make' (make + object + adjective): The verb 'make' is used here as a causative verb meaning 'to cause to be'. It is followed by an object ('us') and an adjective ('happy') which functions as the object complement, describing the state resulting from the action.
中文： 使役動詞 'make' 的用法（make + 受詞 + 形容詞）：這裡的 'make' 作為使役動詞，表示「使、讓」。後面接受詞（'us'）和形容詞（'happy'）作為受詞補語，用來描述受詞因該動作而產生的狀態變化。
The beautiful music made her calm.
優美的音樂讓她平靜了下來。
EN： Appositive Clause (Noun Clause): The 'that' clause ('that we can improve') acts as an appositive to the noun 'hope'. It explains the exact content of the hope, rather than modifying it like a relative clause. In this structure, 'that' is a conjunction and cannot be omitted or replaced by 'which'.
中文： 同位語從句（名詞性從句）：'that' 引導的從句（that we can improve）作為名詞 'hope'（希望）的同位語，用來解釋該希望的具體內容，而非像關係代名詞子句那樣進行修飾。在此結構中，'that' 為連接詞，不可省略，亦不可用 'which' 代替。
The belief that honesty is the best policy guides his decisions.
「誠實乃上策」的信念指引著他的決定。
EN： Subject-Verb Agreement with Abstract Nouns: The singular abstract noun 'hope' is the main subject of the sentence, which requires the singular verb 'drives'. The intervening plural pronoun 'we' or the clause 'that we can improve' does not affect the singular agreement of the main verb.
中文： 抽象名詞的主詞與動詞單複數一致：單數抽象名詞 'hope' 是本句的主詞，因此需要搭配單數動詞 'drives'。中間插入的複數代名詞 'we' 或從句 'that we can improve' 並不影響主句動詞的單數一致性。
The news that they arrived safely brings relief to everyone.
他們安全抵達的消息讓每個人都鬆了一口氣。
EN： Appositive Clause (Noun Clause): The 'that' clause ('that learning never ends') acts as an appositive to the noun 'truth'. It explains the exact content of the 'truth'. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' here is a conjunction, not a relative pronoun, and the clause is complete on its own.
中文： 同位語從句（名詞性從句）：由 'that' 引導的從句（that learning never ends）作為名詞 'truth' 的同位語，用來解釋說明該「事實」的具體內容。與關係代名詞引導的關係從句不同，這裡的 'that' 是連接詞，且從句本身結構完整。
The belief that honesty is the best policy guides his decisions.
「誠實為上策」這個信念指引著他的決定。
EN： Transitive Verb with Object: The verb 'excites' is a transitive verb that takes the object 'me'. In English, feelings are often expressed using causative verbs (e.g., excite, worry, interest) where the subject causes the emotion in the object.
中文： 及物動詞與受詞：動詞 'excites'（使興奮）是一個及物動詞，後面接受詞 'me'。在英文中，情緒經常使用使役動詞（例如：使興奮、使擔憂、使感興趣）來表達，由主詞引起受詞的某種情緒反應。
The news of her success excites the whole family.
她成功的消息讓全家人感到興奮。
EN： Appositive Clause (Noun Clause): The word 'that' introduces a noun clause that explains the content of the abstract noun 'thought'. Unlike relative clauses, 'that' here is a conjunction and does not play a grammatical role (like subject or object) within the clause itself.
中文： 同位語從句（名詞性從句）：這裡的 'that' 引導一個名詞性從句，用來補充說明抽象名詞 'thought'（想法）的具體內容。與關係代名詞引導的定語從句不同，這裡的 'that' 是連接詞，在從句中不充當任何語法成分（如主語或賓語）。
The belief that effort pays keeps me going.
「努力終有回報」的這個信念支持著我繼續前進。
EN： Modal Verb 'can': Used here to express ability or possibility in the present tense, followed by the base form of the verb 'help'.
中文： 情態助動詞 'can'：在此處用於表示現在時間點的能力或可能性，後面接動詞原形 'help'。
We can achieve our goals if we work hard.
如果我們努力，我們就能實現我們的目標。
EN： The noun clause 'that you tried' acts as an appositive to the noun 'the fact'. An appositive clause (同位語子句) is introduced by the conjunction 'that' and provides essential information to define or explain the abstract noun preceding it.
中文： 名詞子句「that you tried」作為名詞「the fact」的同位語。同位語子句由連接詞「that」引導，用來補充說明前方抽象名詞的具體內容。
The news that our team won made us cheer.
我們隊伍獲勝的消息讓我們歡呼。
EN： The phrase 'means a lot to someone' is a common idiomatic expression meaning to be very important or significant to someone. 'Means' is the singular verb agreeing with the singular subject 'The fact'.
中文： 片語「means a lot to someone」是一個常見的慣用語，意思是「對某人來說意義重大」或「非常重要」。動詞「means」使用單數形式，以與單數主詞「The fact」保持一致。
Your support means a lot to me.
你的支持對我來說意義重大。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, acknowledging someone's effort rather than just the outcome is highly valued. Saying 'The fact that you tried means a lot' is a common way to show deep appreciation and emotional support, especially when someone didn't succeed but put in their best effort.
中文： 在英語系國家中，人們非常看重「努力的過程」而非僅僅是「結果」。當某人雖然沒有成功但已盡了全力時，說「The fact that you tried means a lot」是一種非常得體且溫暖的表達方式，能給予對方極大的情感支持與肯定。
EN： The relative clause 'that bring hope' is used as an adjective clause to modify the plural noun 'Ideas'. Since 'Ideas' is plural, the relative pronoun 'that' (acting as the subject of the relative clause) takes a plural verb 'bring' without an '-s'.
中文： 關係子句（形容詞子句）「that bring hope」用來修飾複數名詞「Ideas」。因為先行詞「Ideas」是複數，所以在關係子句中充當主詞的關係代名詞「that」後面要接複數動詞「bring」（不加 -s）。
Books that inspire people are always popular.
啟發人們的書總是受歡迎。
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used to express ability or possibility. It is followed by the base form of the verb 'change'.
中文： 情態助動詞「can」用來表示能力或可能性，其後必須接動詞原形「change」。
Music can heal a broken heart.
音樂可以治癒破碎的心。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 回收利用，將廢棄物回收再利用
在本文中： 信念、相信的事物
在本文中： 發現，指發現新事物或事實的過程
在本文中： 受污染的
在本文中： 恢復、復原
在本文中： 鼓舞、激發靈感
在本文中： 限制、界限
在本文中： 治癒、使康復
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
To increase gradually in quantity or size until it becomes significant.
積少成多、聚沙成塔
To give someone the energy, motivation, or strength to continue doing something.
支持我繼續前進、成為我的動力
To have a significant effect on a person, group, or situation.
產生影響、發揮作用、做出改變