EN: The past perfect tense ('had left') is used to show that an action was completed before another action in the past ('dawn broke').
中文: 過去完成式(had left)用於表示某個動作在過去的另一個動作(dawn broke)或時間點之前已經完成。
By the time the train arrived, she had already bought a ticket.
當火車到達時,她已經買好票了。
EN: The phrase 'by the time' is a subordinating conjunction used to introduce a time clause, meaning 'no later than the moment that'. It often triggers the use of the perfect aspect in the main clause.
中文: 片語「by the time」是一個從屬連接詞,用於引導時間副詞子句,意思是「不遲於…的時候」。它通常會觸發主要子句中使用完成式。
EN: The Past Perfect Tense ('had' + past participle) is used to describe an action that was completed before another action or a specific point in the past. Here, 'had never seen' happened before 'that day'.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於描述在過去某個時間點或另一個過去動作之前就已經完成的動作。在此處,「從未見過」發生在「那天」之前。
She had already finished her homework before her mother came home.
在媽媽回家之前,她就已經寫完功課了。
EN: The adverb 'never' is placed between the auxiliary verb 'had' and the main verb (past participle) 'seen' to indicate that the action had not occurred at any time before the specified past moment.
中文: 否定副詞「never」(從未)置於助動詞「had」與主要動詞(過去分詞)「seen」之間,用以表示在指定的過去時間點之前,該動作從未發生過。
They had never traveled abroad before last summer.
在去年夏天之前,他們從未出國旅遊過。
EN: The Past Perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to show that an action was completed before another action in the past. In this sentence, 'had already fallen' happened before 'help arrived'.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於表示在過去某個動作或時間點之前就已經完成的動作。在本句中,「村莊早已淪陷」(had already fallen)發生在「救援抵達」(help arrived)之前。
The train had already left when I reached the station.
當我到達車站時,火車早已開走了。
EN: The adverb 'already' is commonly used with the Past Perfect tense to emphasize that something happened sooner than expected, or before a specific point in time. It is typically placed between the auxiliary verb 'had' and the past participle.
中文: 副詞「already」(已經)常用於過去完成式中,以強調某事比預期更早發生,或在過去某個特定時間點之前就已發生。它通常置於助動詞「had」與過去分詞之間。
They had already eaten dinner before the guests arrived.
在客人抵達之前,他們就已經吃過晚餐了。
EN: The Past Perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to describe an action that was completed before another action or a specific point in the past. In this sentence, 'had trained' happened before the past event 'the great test'.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於描述在過去某個動作或特定時間點之前已經完成的動作。在本句中,「had trained」(已經訓練)發生在過去事件「the great test」(重大考驗)之前。
He had finished his homework before his friends arrived.
在朋友到達之前,他已經完成了功課。
EN: The conjunction 'before' is used to connect two events in the past, establishing a clear chronological order where the action in the main clause (Past Perfect) occurred prior to the action in the subordinate clause (Simple Past or past noun phrase).
中文: 連接詞「before」(在……之前)用於連接過去的兩個事件,以建立明確的時間先後順序,主句的動作(過去完成式)發生在從句動作(簡單過去式或過去時間名詞片語)之前。
She had left the office before the storm started.
在暴風雨開始之前,她就已經離開了辦公室。
EN: The Past Perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to show that an action was completed before another action or time in the past.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於表示在過去某個動作或時間點之前,就已經完成的動作。
She had finished her homework before the movie started.
在電影開始之前,她就已經寫完功課了。
EN: The conjunction 'before' introduces an adverbial clause of time, indicating that the action in the main clause happened prior to the action in the clause.
中文: 連接詞「before」(在...之前)引導時間副詞子句,用來表示主句的動作發生在該子句動作之前。
We arrived at the station before the train left.
我們在火車出發前到達了車站。
EN: The Past Perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to show that an action was completed before another action in the past. In this sentence, 'had found' happened before 'opened'.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於表示在過去某個動作或時間點之前已經完成的動作。在本句中,「找到鑰匙(had found)」發生在「大門打開(opened)」之前。
After she had finished her homework, she went to bed.
在她寫完功課之後,她就去睡覺了。
EN: Adverbial clauses of time introduced by 'after' establish a clear chronological order. When the 'after' clause comes first, it is typically separated from the main clause by a comma.
中文: 由「after(在……之後)」引導的時間副詞子句建立了明確的時間先後順序。當「after」引導的子句放在句首時,通常會用逗號與主要子句隔開。
After they had eaten dinner, they watched a movie.
在他們吃完晚餐之後,他們看了一部電影。
EN: Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle): Used to describe an action that was completed before another action or a specific time in the past.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞):用於描述在過去某個動作或特定時間點之前就已經完成的動作。
The train had already left when we arrived at the station.
當我們到達車站時,火車已經開走了。
EN: Verb Pattern 'warn someone of something': Used to alert someone about a potential danger, problem, or negative outcome.
中文: 動詞句型 'warn someone of something'(警告某人某事):用於提醒某人注意潛在的危險、問題或負面後果。
They warned us of the heavy traffic on the highway.
他們警告我們高速公路上交通擁堵。
EN: In traditional folklore and fantasy literature, the 'wise woman' is a common archetype. She often possesses deep knowledge of nature, magic, or prophecy, and acts as a guide or mentor to the hero, warning them of trials ahead.
中文: 在傳統民間傳說和奇幻文學中,「明智的女士(wise woman)」是一個常見的原型。她通常擁有關於自然、魔法或預言的深厚知識,並擔任主角的引路人或導師,警告他們即將面臨的考驗。
EN: The Past Perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to show that an action was completed before another action in the past. In this sentence, 'had spoken' happened before 'grew silent'.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於表示在過去某個動作或時間點之前已經完成的動作。在本句中,「說話」(had spoken)發生在「變得安靜」(grew silent)之前。
Once she had finished her homework, she went to bed.
一旦她完成了功課,她就去睡覺了。
EN: The conjunction 'once' means 'as soon as' or 'after'. It is used to emphasize that the second event happened immediately after the first event was completed.
中文: 連接詞「once」意為「一旦」或「一...就...」。它用來強調第二個事件是在第一個事件完成後立即發生的。
Once the rain stopped, the children ran outside to play.
雨一停,孩子們就跑到外面去玩了。
EN: The Past Perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to describe an action that was completed before another action in the past. In this sentence, 'had lost' happened before the past action 'guided'.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於描述在過去某個動作或時間點之前就已經完成的動作。在本句中,「had lost」(已經迷路)發生在過去的另一個動作「guided」(指引)之前。
She had finished her homework before the movie started.
在電影開始之前,她就已經做完功課了。
EN: The conjunction 'before' is used to connect two clauses, indicating that the action in the main clause (Past Perfect) occurred prior to the action in the subordinate clause (Simple Past).
中文: 從屬連接詞「before」(在……之前)用於連接兩個從句,表示主句的動作(使用過去完成式)發生在從屬子句的動作(使用一般過去式)之前。
They had left the office before it began to rain.
在開始下雨之前,他們就已經離開辦公室了。
EN: In English storytelling, the motif of 'losing one's way' and being guided by a 'star' is a classic literary trope representing a journey of faith, hope, and destiny. Additionally, reporting clauses like 'says Ryan' often use inversion (verb before subject) in written narrative style to keep the focus on the spoken quote.
中文: 在英文故事創作中,「迷失方向」並受到「星星」指引是一個經典的文學隱喻,象徵著信念、希望與命運的旅程。此外,像 'says Ryan' 這樣的說話者標記,在書面敘事體中經常使用倒裝結構(動詞在主詞前面),以便將讀者的注意力集中在引言內容上。
EN: The Past Perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to show that an action was completed before another action in the past. In this sentence, 'had built' happened before 'rose'.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於表示在過去某個動作或時間點之前就已經完成的動作。在本句中,「had built」(建好橋)發生在「rose」(河水上漲)之前。
She had finished her homework before her mother came home.
在她母親回到家之前,她就已經寫完了功課。
EN: The conjunction 'before' introduces an adverbial clause of time. The verb in the 'before' clause is typically in the Simple Past tense when referring to a sequence of past events.
中文: 連接詞「before」引導時間副詞子句。當描述過去事件的先後順序時,「before」子句中的動詞通常使用一般過去式。
They left the office before it started to rain.
在開始下雨之前,他們就離開了辦公室。
EN: The Past Perfect Tense ('had' + past participle) is used to describe an action that was completed before another point in the past. In this sentence, 'had kept' emphasizes that the action of keeping the secret was ongoing and completed before the 'very end' arrived.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於描述在過去某個時間點或動作之前就已經完成的動作。在本句中,「had kept」強調保守秘密的動作在「最後一刻」到來之前一直持續並已完成。
He had finished his homework before his mother came home.
在媽媽回家之前,他已經寫完了功課。
EN: The phrase 'until the very end' uses the intensifying adjective 'very' to emphasize the absolute limit or conclusion of a period. It means 'up to the absolute last moment'.
中文: 片語「until the very end」使用具強調語氣的形容詞「very」來加強語氣,表示某個時期的絕對終點或結束,意為「直到最後一刻、直到最末端」。
She supported her friend until the very end.
她支持她的朋友直到最後一刻。
EN: The Past Perfect Tense ('had + past participle') is used to show that an action was completed before a specific point in the past. In this sentence, 'had won' happened before the time marker 'by dusk'.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於表示在過去某個特定時間點或動作之前已經完成的動作。在本句中,「贏得」(had won)發生在時間標記「黃昏前」(by dusk)之前。
By the time the train arrived, she had already bought a ticket.
火車到達時,她已經買好票了。
EN: The preposition 'by' followed by a time expression (like 'dusk', 'tomorrow', 'next week') means 'not later than' or 'at or before' that specific time.
中文: 介係詞「by」後面接時間表達式(如「dusk」、「tomorrow」、「next week」)時,表示「不遲於」或「在…之前」該特定時間點。
Please submit the report by Friday.
請在星期五之前提交報告。
EN: The phrasal verb 'set out' means to begin a journey. When followed by the preposition 'on', it specifies the type of journey or mission being undertaken.
中文: 片語動詞「set out」意為「出發、啟程」。當後面接介係詞「on」時,用來明確指出所展開的旅程或任務類型。
They set out on a quest to find the lost city.
他們踏上了尋找失落之城的探索之旅。
EN: The adverbial phrase 'long ago' is used to establish a setting in the distant past, commonly found in storytelling and narratives. It triggers the use of the simple past tense.
中文: 副詞片語「long ago」(很久以前)用於設定遙遠過去的時間背景,常見於故事與敘事中。它會觸發簡單過去式的使用。
Long ago, a powerful king ruled these lands.
很久以前,一位強大的國王統治著這片土地。
EN: The opening 'Long ago...' is a classic literary device in English storytelling, similar to 'Once upon a time'. It immediately signals to the listener or reader that they are entering a narrative or mythological world, setting expectations for a heroic quest or fable.
中文: 英文故事開頭的「Long ago...」(很久以前)是一種經典的文學手法,類似於「Once upon a time」(從前從前)。它能立刻向聽眾或讀者發出信號,表明他們正進入一個敘事或神話世界,從而對英雄的探索或寓言故事產生期待。
EN: The Past Perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to show that an action was completed before another action in the past. In this sentence, 'had promised' happened before the action of leaving ('left').
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於表示在過去某個動作或時間點之前已經完成的動作。在本句中,「承諾」(had promised)發生在「離開」(left)這個過去動作之前。
By the time the train arrived, she had already bought a ticket.
在火車到達之前,她已經買好票了。
EN: The infinitive phrase 'to save...' acts as the direct object of the verb 'promised', indicating the purpose or content of the promise.
中文: 不定詞片語「to save...」(拯救……)作為動詞「promised」(承諾)的直接受詞,用來表示承諾的具體內容或目的。
He promised to call me as soon as he landed.
他承諾一降落就給我打電話。
EN: The Past Perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to describe an action that was completed before another action or a specific time in the past.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於描述在過去某個動作或特定時間點之前就已經完成的動作。
She had already finished her homework before her mother came home.
在媽媽回家之前,她就已經做完功課了。
EN: The coordinating conjunction 'yet' is used to connect two contrasting clauses, meaning 'but' or 'nevertheless', often emphasizing a surprising contrast.
中文: 對等連接詞「yet」用於連接兩個具對比意義的子句,意為「然而」或「儘管如此」,通常用以強調令人驚訝的對比。
EN: The past perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to show that an action was completed before another action in the past. In this sentence, 'had already fallen' happened before 'reached'.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於表示在過去某個動作或時間點之前就已經完成的動作。在本句中,「夜幕降臨 (had already fallen)」發生在「到達 (reached)」之前。
By the time the train arrived, the rain had already stopped.
當火車到達時,雨早已停了。
EN: The conjunction phrase 'by the time' is used to connect two events, meaning 'not later than the moment when'. It typically takes a simple past verb in its clause, while the main clause uses the past perfect.
中文: 連接詞片語「by the time」用於連接兩個事件,意思是「不遲於某個時刻/當…的時候」。它引導的從屬子句通常使用簡單過去式,而主要子句則使用過去完成式。
By the time she finished her homework, her friends had left.
當她完成功課時,她的朋友們已經離開了。
EN: The relative pronoun 'whom' is used to introduce a relative clause (adjective clause) that describes a person when that person is the object of the verb in the clause. In this sentence, 'whom' refers to 'a wise woman' and is the object of the verb 'had met'.
中文: 關係代名詞「whom」用於引導關係子句(形容詞子句)以修飾人,當該人在子句中擔任動詞的受詞時使用。在本句中,「whom」指代「a wise woman」(一位智慧的婦女),並且是動詞「had met」的受詞。
The teacher whom I respected has retired.
我所尊敬的那位老師已經退休了。
EN: The past perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to describe an action that was completed before another action or point in time in the past. Here, 'had met' happened before the main past action 'gave'.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於描述在過去某個動作或時間點之前就已經完成的動作。在這裡,「had met」(見過)發生在主要過去動作「gave」(給予)之前。
She had finished her homework before her mother arrived.
在她母親到達之前,她就已經完成了功課。
EN: In traditional storytelling and folklore, the 'wise woman' is a common archetype. She often appears as a mentor or guide who provides the protagonist with crucial advice, a magical item, or a prophecy necessary to complete their quest.
中文: 在傳統故事和民間傳說中,「智慧婦女」(wise woman)是一個常見的原型。她通常以導師或引路人的形象出現,為主角提供關鍵的建議、神奇的物品或完成任務所需的預言。
EN: Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle) is used to describe an action that was completed before another action or a specific point in the past. In this sentence, 'had warned' happened before the journey or the testing of courage.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於描述在過去某個動作或特定時間點之前就已經完成的動作。在本句中,「曾警告過」(had warned)發生在旅程或考驗勇氣之前。
He had already left when the phone rang.
當電話響起時,他已經離開了。
EN: Noun Clause as Direct Object: The clause 'that the path would test his courage' functions as the direct object of the verb 'warned', introduced by the conjunction 'that'. Inside the clause, 'would' is used as the past future tense to express an event that was going to happen from a past perspective.
中文: 名詞子句作直接受詞:由連接詞「that」引導的子句「that the path would test his courage」作為動詞「warned」的直接受詞。在子句中,「would」用作過去未來式,從過去的角度表示即將發生的事情。
She promised that she would help us tomorrow.
她承諾她明天會幫助我們。
EN: The Past Perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to show that an action was completed before another action in the past. In this sentence, 'had walked' happened first, and 'found' happened second.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於表示在過去某個動作或時間點之前,就已經完成的動作。在本句中,「走了好幾天 (had walked)」發生在先,「找到山洞 (found)」發生在後。
She had finished her homework before she went to bed.
她在上床睡覺前就已經寫完了功課。
EN: The conjunction 'before' is used to connect two clauses, indicating the chronological order of events. The clause following 'before' uses the simple past tense to mark the later event.
中文: 連接詞「before(在……之前)」用於連接兩個從句,以指示事件的時間順序。緊跟在「before」後面的從句使用一般過去式,用來標示較晚發生的事件。
They had left the office before the rain started.
在下雨之前,他們就已經離開辦公室了。
EN: The past perfect tense ('had + past participle') is used to describe an action that was completed before another action in the past. In this sentence, 'had ever opened' happened before the past action 'saw'.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於描述在過去某個動作或時間點之前就已經完成的動作。在本句中,「從未有人打開過」(had ever opened)發生在過去動作「看見」(saw)之前。
She realized that she had met him somewhere before.
她意識到自己以前在某個地方見過他。
EN: A relative clause introduced by 'that' is used to modify a noun (the antecedent). Here, 'that no one had ever opened' is an adjective clause modifying the noun 'door'.
中文: 由關係代名詞「that」引導的關係子句(又稱形容詞子句)用來修飾先行詞(名詞)。在此句中,「that no one had ever opened」修飾名詞「door」(門)。
This is the book that inspired me to become a writer.
這就是那本啟發我成為作家的書。
EN: The Past Perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to show that an action was completed before another action in the past. In this sentence, 'had solved' happened before the door 'swung' open.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於表示在過去某個動作或時間點之前就已經完成的動作。在本句中,「解開謎題(had solved)」發生在「大門敞開(swung open)」之前。
After she had finished her homework, she went to bed.
在她寫完功課之後,她就去睡覺了。
EN: The verb 'swing' is an irregular verb (swing - swung - swung). When followed by the adjective 'wide' (used here as a subject complement/adverbial modifier), 'swung wide' means to open fully and forcefully.
中文: 動詞「swing」是不規則動詞(三態為 swing - swung - swung)。後面接形容詞「wide」(在此作主詞補語或修飾語)時,「swung wide」表示「(門窗等)大角度敞開、猛然大開」。
EN: The Past Perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to describe an action that occurred before another action or a specific time in the past. In this sentence, 'had feared' indicates that his fear occurred prior to the subsequent action of continuing ('kept on').
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於描述在過去某個動作或特定時間點之前就已經發生的動作。在本句中,「had feared」(曾害怕)表示他的恐懼發生在他隨後繼續前進(kept on)的動作之前。
She had finished her homework before her friends arrived.
在她的朋友們到達之前,她就已經完成了功課。
EN: The phrasal verb 'keep on' followed by a gerund (verb-ing) or a prepositional direction means to continue doing something or to persist in an action despite difficulties.
中文: 片語動詞「keep on」後面接動名詞(V-ing)或方向介係詞,表示不顧困難地繼續做某事或堅持某個行動。
Even though it was raining, they kept on walking.
儘管下著雨,他們還是繼續往前走。
EN: The phrase 'keep on going' reflects a core value in English-speaking cultures of perseverance and resilience in the face of adversity, often associated with the concept of 'grit' or 'determination'.
中文: 「keep on going」(繼續前進/堅持下去)這個片語反映了英語系國家文化中面對逆境時堅持不懈與韌性的核心價值,這通常與「毅力」(grit)或「決心」(determination)的概念緊密相連。
EN: The Past Perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to show that an action was completed before a specific point in the past. In this sentence, 'had become' happened before the point in time described by 'by the journey's end'.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於表示在過去某個特定時間點或動作之前就已經完成的動作。在本句中,「had become」(已經成為)發生在「by the journey's end」(到了旅程的終點)這個過去的時間點之前。
By the time the train arrived, she had already left.
在火車到達之前,她就已經離開了。
EN: The prepositional phrase starting with 'By' (e.g., 'By the journey's end') is used to mean 'not later than' or 'at/by the time of' a certain point, setting a deadline or limit in the past or future.
中文: 以介係詞「By」開頭的介係詞片語(例如「By the journey's end」)用於表示「不遲於」或「到了…的時候」,在過去或未來設定一個時間截止點或界限。
By sunset, they had finished the work.
到了日落時分,他們已經完成了工作。
EN: The past perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used here within a relative clause ('he had saved') to indicate an action that was completed before another point in the past (the village telling his story).
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)在此處用於關係子句(he had saved)中,表示在過去某個時間點(村莊傳頌故事)之前就已經完成的動作。
The book he had written became a bestseller the following year.
他之前寫的那本書在隔年成了暢銷書。
EN: The modal verb 'would' is used here as the 'future in the past' to describe an action that was expected or destined to happen after the past reference point of the story.
中文: 情態助動詞「would」在此處用作「過去未來式」,用來描述在故事過去的基準點之後,預期或注定會發生的動作。
She knew that one day they would meet again.
她知道總有一天他們會再次相遇。
EN: The phrase 'tell his/her tale' has a classic, storytelling quality often found in folklore, legends, and fantasy literature. It evokes a sense of oral tradition where heroic deeds are passed down through generations.
中文: 「tell his/her tale」(傳頌某人的故事)這個片語具有古典的敘事色彩,常見於民間傳說、傳奇和奇幻文學中。它讓人聯想到英雄事蹟代代相傳的口述傳統。
EN: The Past Perfect tense (had + past participle) is used to refer to an action that took place before another action in the past. In this question, 'had... done' asks about the earliest event in the past sequence.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於表示在過去某個時間點或動作之前已經完成的動作。在此問句中,「had... done」用來詢問在過去一系列事件中,最先發生的事情。
What had you decided before they called you?
在他們打電話給你之前,你決定了什麼?
EN: Direct speech with reporting verbs. When reporting what someone said, the spoken words are enclosed in quotation marks, and the reporting clause (e.g., 'asks Sarah') can follow the quote.
中文: 直接引語與引述動詞。當轉述某人所說的話時,說出的話語會放在引號內,而引述子句(例如「asks Sarah」)可以放在引號之後。
"Where are we going?" asks Leo.
「我們要去哪裡?」里奧問道。
EN: The Past Perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to describe an action that was completed before another action or a specific time in the past.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於描述在過去某個動作或特定時間點之前就已經完成的動作。
She had finished her homework before her friends arrived.
在她的朋友們到達之前,她就已經寫完功課了。
EN: The infinitive 'to save' functions as the direct object of the verb 'promised', indicating what action was promised.
中文: 不定詞「to save」(去拯救)在此作為動詞「promised」(承諾)的直接受詞,用以表示承諾要進行的動作。
EN: The Past Perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to describe an action that was completed before another point in the past. Here, 'had never traveled' happened before 'that day'.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於描述在過去某個時間點或動作之前就已經完成的動作。在此句中,「從未去過遠方」(had never traveled)發生在「那天」(that day)之前。
She had already finished her homework before her mother came home.
在媽媽回到家之前,她就已經寫完功課了。
EN: The adverb 'never' is placed between the auxiliary verb 'had' and the main verb 'traveled' to indicate that the action had not occurred at any time before the specified past moment.
中文: 否定副詞「never」(從未)置於助動詞「had」與主要動詞「traveled」之間,用以表示在指定的過去時間點之前,該動作從未發生過。
They had never tasted sushi before they visited Japan.
在他們去日本旅遊之前,他們從未嚐過壽司。
EN: The past perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to show that an action was completed before another action or point in time in the past.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於表示在過去某個時間點或另一個過去動作發生之前,就已經完成的動作。
By the time the train arrived, she had already bought her ticket.
在火車抵達之前,她就已經買好票了。
EN: The phrase 'by the time' is a subordinating conjunction used to introduce a time clause, meaning 'no later than the moment when'. It is commonly paired with the past perfect in the main clause.
中文: 片語「by the time」是從屬連接詞,用來引導時間副詞子句,意思是「最遲在……的時候」。主句通常會搭配過去完成式使用。
By the time we reached the cinema, the movie had started.
在我們到達電影院時,電影已經開始了。
EN: The Past Perfect Tense ('had' + past participle) is used to describe an action that was completed before another action or a specific time in the past.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於描述在過去某個動作或特定時間點之前就已經完成的動作。
She had finished her homework before her friends arrived.
在她的朋友到達之前,她就已經做完功課了。
EN: The verb phrase 'warn someone of something' is used to alert someone about a potential danger, problem, or negative outcome.
中文: 動詞片語「warn someone of something」(警告某人某事)用於提醒某人注意潛在的危險、問題或負面結果。
The doctor warned him of the risks of smoking.
醫生警告他吸菸的風險。
EN: The Past Perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to show that an action was completed before another action in the past. In this sentence, 'had walked' happened before 'found'.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於表示在過去某個動作或時間點之前就已經完成的動作。在本句中,「已經走了好幾天(had walked)」發生在「發現山洞(found)」之前。
She had finished her homework before she went to bed.
她在上床睡覺之前就已經完成了功課。
EN: The conjunction 'before' is used to connect two clauses, indicating that the action in the main clause (Past Perfect) occurred prior to the action in the subordinate clause (Simple Past).
中文: 從屬連接詞「before(在……之前)」用於連接兩個子句,表示主句的動作(使用過去完成式)發生在從屬子句的動作(使用一般過去式)之前。
They had left the office before the rain started.
在開始下雨之前,他們就已經離開辦公室了。
EN: The Past Perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to show that an action was completed before another action in the past. In this sentence, 'had solved' happened before 'opened'.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於表示在過去某個動作或時間點之前已經完成的動作。在本句中,「had solved」(解開)發生在「opened」(門開了)之前。
After she had finished her homework, she went to bed.
在她寫完功課之後,她就去睡覺了。
EN: Adverbial clauses of time introduced by 'after' describe the sequence of events. When the adverbial clause comes first, it is separated from the main clause by a comma.
中文: 由「after」引導的時間副詞子句用於描述事件的先後順序。當副詞子句放在句首時,需用逗號與主要子句隔開。
After they had eaten dinner, they watched a movie.
在他們吃完晚餐之後,他們看了一部電影。
EN: The past perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to describe an action that was completed before another action or point in the past. In this sentence, 'had feared' indicates that his fear occurred prior to the past action of going on ('went on').
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於描述在過去某個動作或時間點之前已經完成的動作。在本句中,「had feared」(曾害怕)表示他的恐懼發生在他繼續前進(went on)這個過去動作之前。
She had finished her homework before she went out to play.
她在出去玩之前就已經完成了功課。
EN: The phrasal verb 'go on' (past tense 'went on') means to continue doing something, especially after a pause or in the face of difficulties.
中文: 片語動詞「go on」(過去式為「went on」)意為繼續做某事,特別是在停頓或面臨困難之後。
Despite the rain, the runners went on with the race.
儘管下著雨,跑者們仍繼續進行比賽。
EN: The Past Perfect Tense ('had' + past participle) is used to describe an action that was completed before a specific point in the past. In this sentence, 'had become' indicates that his transformation into a leader was completed by the time the journey ended.
中文: 過去完成式(had + 過去分詞)用於描述在過去某個特定時間點之前就已經完成的動作。在本句中,「had become」表示在旅程結束時,他「已經完成」了向領袖的轉變。
By the time the train arrived, she had bought a ticket.
在火車到達之前,她已經買好了票。
EN: The prepositional phrase 'by the end' is used to indicate a limit in time, meaning 'not later than' or 'at the point when something finished'.
中文: 介系詞片語「by the end」(到了最後/在結束時)用於表示時間的截止點,意思是「不遲於」或「在某事結束的那個時間點」。
By the end of the week, we had finished the project.
到了週末,我們已經完成了這個專案。
EN: Passive Voice (is made): The passive voice is used when the focus is on the action or the receiver of the action, rather than the doer. It is formed with 'be' + past participle (is + made).
中文: 被動語態 (is made):當焦點在於動作本身或動作的接受者,而非執行者時,會使用被動語態。其結構為「be 動詞 + 過去分詞」(在此為 is + made)。
The house is painted by my father.
這棟房子是由我父親粉刷的。
EN: Relative Clause with Omitted Relative Pronoun (all he has learned): In English, when a relative pronoun (like 'that' or 'which') functions as the object in a defining relative clause, it can be omitted. Here, 'all (that) he has learned' modifies 'all'.
中文: 關係子句中關係代名詞的省略 (all he has learned):在英文中,當關係代名詞(如 that 或 which)在限定修飾的關係子句中擔任受格時,可以省略。此處「all (that) he has learned」修飾代名詞「all」。
This is the book he wrote last year.
這就是他去年寫的那本書。
EN: This quote reflects a classic Joseph Campbell-style heroic journey theme, where a hero's true strength comes not from innate physical power, but from the wisdom, trials, and experiences they accumulate along the way.
中文: 這句名言反映了經典的「約瑟夫·坎貝爾式」英雄旅程主題:英雄真正的力量並非源自天生的肉體力量,而是源自他們在一路上累積的智慧、考驗與經驗。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中: 黎明,破曉
在本文中: 勇氣,膽量
在本文中: 謎語,謎題
在本文中: 黃昏,傍晚
在本文中: 警告,提醒(注意危險)
在本文中: 指引,引導
在本文中: 秘密
在本文中: 領袖,領導者
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
To start a journey with a particular goal or destination.
出發,啟程
To become lost; to lose one's direction or purpose.
迷失方向,迷路
To gain the confidence and belief of a group of people through actions.
贏得人們的信任
Used to introduce a point in time when something has already happened.
到…的時候(通常某事已發生)