The Courage to Dislike - Part 2討厭人的勇氣（Part 2）
聆聽課程
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EN： The sentence uses 'It' as a dummy subject (preparatory subject). Since the real subject 'to dislike others' is long, 'It' takes its place at the beginning to keep the sentence balanced.
中文： 本句使用 'It' 作為虛主詞（形式主詞）。由於真正的受詞「to dislike others（不喜歡他人）」較長，為了保持句子平衡，會先用 'It' 開頭，再將真正的主詞放在後面。
It's important to exercise every day.
每天運動是很重要的。
EN： The 'to-infinitive' (to + verb) acts as the real subject of the sentence. It describes an action or state as a concept.
中文： 「不定詞」（to + 動詞）在此作為句子的真正主詞。它將一個動作或狀態描述為一個抽象的概念。
It's hard to say goodbye.
告別是很困難的。
EN： In many Western cultures, there is an increasing emphasis on 'emotional honesty' and setting boundaries. This sentence reflects the modern psychological perspective that you don't have to force yourself to like everyone to be a 'good' person.
中文： 在許多西方文化中，越來越強調「情感誠實」和建立心理邊界。這句話反映了現代心理學觀點：你不需要強迫自己喜歡每個人才算是一個「好人」。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. When a gerund is the subject, the verb must be in the third-person singular form.
中文： 動名詞當主詞：動名詞（動詞 + -ing）可以當作名詞使用並擔任句子的主詞。當動名詞作為主詞時，後方的動詞必須使用第三人稱單數形式。
Learning a new language takes time and patience.
學習一門新語言需要時間和耐心。
EN： Causative Verb 'Make': The verb 'make' can be used as a causative verb followed by an object and an object complement (noun or adjective) to describe a result or state.
中文： 使役動詞 'Make'：動詞 'make' 可作為使役動詞，後接受詞與受詞補語（名詞或形容詞），用來描述產生的結果或狀態。
The news made him a hero in his hometown.
這則新聞使他成為家鄉的英雄。
EN： In many Western cultures, there is a strong emphasis on individual boundaries and emotional honesty. The idea that you don't have to like everyone is part of a healthy psychological approach to social relationships, contrasting with cultures that prioritize social harmony (Guanxi or Mianzi) above personal feelings.
中文： 在許多西方文化中，非常強調個人界限和情感誠實。認為「你不需要喜歡每個人」是社交關係中一種健康的心理觀點，這與優先考慮社會和諧（如「關係」或「面子」）高於個人感受的文化形成對比。
EN： The Present Continuous Tense (be + V-ing) is used here to describe an ongoing process of personal growth and discovery that is happening around the current period of time.
中文： 現在進行式（be + V-ing）在此用於描述一個正在進行中的個人成長與探索過程，強調這種轉變正發生在目前這段時間。
She is discovering her passion for painting through these classes.
她正透過這些課程發掘自己對繪畫的熱情。
EN： The phrase 'get in touch with' is an idiomatic expression meaning to become aware of or to establish communication with one's inner feelings or a specific topic.
中文： 片語「get in touch with」是一個慣用語，意思是察覺或開始接觸、了解自己的內心感受或某個特定主題。
It's important to get in touch with your emotions after a long day.
在漫長的一天過後，了解自己的情緒是很重要的。
EN： In modern Western psychology and self-help culture, 'setting limits' and 'getting in touch with feelings' are highly valued as signs of emotional intelligence and healthy self-respect, rather than being seen as selfish.
中文： 在現代西方心理學與自助文化中，「設定界限」和「接觸內心感受」被視為情緒智商和健康自尊的表現，而非自私的行為。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) functions as a noun and can be the subject of a sentence. It is treated as a singular noun, so the verb must be singular (e.g., 'doesn't' instead of 'don't').
中文： 動名詞當主詞：動名詞（動詞 + -ing）具有名詞功能，可作為句子的主詞。動名詞主詞視為單數，因此動詞須使用單數形式（例如用 'doesn't' 而非 'don't'）。
Eating healthy food improves your energy levels.
吃健康的食物能提升你的體力。
EN： The structure 'There is no need to + verb': This phrase is used to indicate that a particular action is unnecessary or not required in a given situation.
中文： 句型「There is no need to + 動詞」：此片語用於表示在特定情況下，某個動作是沒有必要或不需要的。
There is no need to worry about the results yet.
現在還沒有必要擔心結果。
EN： In Western social contexts, there is a strong emphasis on 'civil disagreement.' This sentence reflects the cultural value that while personal feelings (dislike) are valid, maintaining social decorum and politeness is expected regardless of those feelings.
中文： 在西方社交脈絡中，非常強調「文明的分歧」。這句話反映了一種文化價值觀：雖然個人的感受（不喜歡）是正當的，但無論感受如何，維持社交禮儀和禮貌仍是社會的普遍期待。
EN： The phrasal verb 'stay away from' means to avoid going near someone or something, or to avoid getting involved in a situation.
中文： 片語動詞「stay away from」意為「遠離」或「避開」某人或某物，也可用於指避免參與某種情況。
You should stay away from the edge of the cliff.
你應該遠離懸崖邊緣。
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used here to express a possibility or a suggestion, offering a simple solution to the problem mentioned in the context.
中文： 助動詞「can」在此處用於表示可能性或建議，針對前文提到的問題提供一個簡單的解決方案。
We can go to the park if you are bored.
如果你覺得無聊，我們可以去公園。
EN： In many Western cultures, setting personal boundaries and choosing who to spend time with is seen as a healthy part of self-care and emotional intelligence, rather than being rude.
中文： 在許多西方文化中，建立個人界限並選擇與誰相處被視為自我照護和情商的健康表現，而非無禮行為。
EN： The structure 'It takes + [noun] + to [verb]' is used to express the requirement or cost (such as time, effort, or qualities like courage) needed to complete an action. 'It' acts as a dummy subject, while the real subject is the infinitive phrase at the end.
中文： 句型「It takes + [名詞] + to [動詞]」用來表達完成某個動作所需要的條件或代價（如時間、努力或像勇氣這樣的特質）。這裡的 'It' 是虛主詞，真正的語意主詞是後方的不定詞片語。
It takes patience to learn a new language.
學習一門新語言需要耐心。
EN： The word 'that' functions as a conjunction here to introduce a noun clause (that you dislike others), which serves as the direct object of the verb 'admit'.
中文： 單字 'that' 在此作為連接詞，引導一個名詞子句（that you dislike others），作為動詞 'admit'（承認）的直接受詞。
He admitted that he made a mistake.
他承認他犯了個錯誤。
EN： In many Western cultures, there is an increasing emphasis on 'emotional honesty' and setting personal boundaries. Admitting dislike for someone is seen as a healthy step toward self-awareness, rather than just being 'mean,' as long as it is handled with maturity.
中文： 在許多西方文化中，越來越強調「情感誠實」和建立個人界線。承認不喜歡某人被視為邁向自我覺察的健康一步，而不僅僅是被視為「刻薄」，前提是能以成熟的態度處理這種情緒。
EN： The word 'when' is used as a subordinating conjunction to introduce a dependent clause that indicates the time or condition under which the main action occurs.
中文： 單字 'when' 作為從屬連接詞，用來引導一個從屬子句，表示主句動作發生的時間或條件。
When you finish your homework, you can play games.
當你完成作業時，你就可以玩遊戲。
EN： The pronoun 'it' is used here as an anaphoric reference, referring back to the noun 'courage' mentioned in the previous sentence of the context.
中文： 代名詞 'it' 在此作為前照應引用，指代前一句中提到的名詞 'courage'（勇氣）。
I found a lost wallet and returned it to the owner.
我發現了一個遺失的錢包，並把它還給了失主。
EN： In Western psychology and social contexts, acknowledging one's true feelings (even negative ones like dislike) is often viewed as a sign of emotional intelligence and personal integrity, rather than a lack of kindness.
中文： 在西方心理學和社交語境中，承認自己的真實感受（即使是像『不喜歡』這樣的負面情緒）通常被視為情商和人格誠信的表現，而非缺乏善意。
EN： The word 'that' functions as a conjunction to introduce a noun clause, which acts as the direct object of the verb 'show'. It clarifies what is being shown.
中文： 單字「that」在此作為連接詞，引導一個名詞子句，該子句作為動詞「show」的直接受詞，用來明確說明展現出的內容。
I believe that you can succeed.
我相信你會成功。
EN： Reflexive pronouns (like 'yourself') are used when the subject and the object of a sentence are the same person or thing.
中文： 反身代名詞（如「yourself」）用於當句子的主詞和受詞是同一個人或事物時。
She taught herself how to play the piano.
她自學如何彈鋼琴。
EN： In Western psychology and social contexts, 'respecting yourself' and 'setting boundaries' are highly valued traits. Admitting one's true feelings is seen as a sign of emotional maturity and inner strength, rather than rudeness.
中文： 在西方心理學與社交語境中，「尊重自己」與「建立界線」是被高度重視的特質。承認自己的真實感受被視為情感成熟與內在力量的象徵，而非無禮。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 個人在心理或情感上所能承受的界限或範圍
在本文中： 價值觀；個人認為重要且作為行為準則的信仰
在本文中： 無禮的、粗魯的
在本文中： 勇氣、膽量
在本文中： 承認（某事屬實）
在本文中： 力量、長處或心理素質上的強大
在本文中： 尊重、敬重
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
To become aware of or understand one's feelings or thoughts.
了解、察覺（自己的情感或想法）
To avoid going near someone or something.
遠離；避開
To provide someone with the justification or authority to do something.
賦予某人做某事的權利或理由