EN： The verb 'want' is followed by an infinitive (to + verb) to express a desire or intention. In this sentence, 'want to raise' functions as the main verb phrase, where 'to raise' is the direct object of 'want'.
中文： 動詞「want」（想要）後面接不定詞（to + 動詞原形）來表示願望或意圖。在本句中，「want to raise」作為主要動詞片語，其中「to raise」是「want」的直接受詞。
They want to build a new community garden.
他們想要建造一個新的社區花園。
EN： The collocation 'raise awareness about/of [something]' means to increase people's knowledge and understanding of a particular issue. 'About' is a preposition introducing the topic of awareness.
中文： 搭配詞「raise awareness about/of [某事]」意為提高人們對特定議題的認知與了解。介係詞「about」在此用於引介該認知的主題。
We need to raise awareness about mental health.
我們需要提高大眾對心理健康的意識。
EN： In many English-speaking countries, environmental advocacy and community-led initiatives for clean water (such as protecting local watersheds or reducing plastic waste) are highly valued. Phrases like 'raise awareness' are commonly used in non-profit organizations, school campaigns, and social activism to mobilize public support.
中文： 在許多英語系國家，環境倡議和社區主導的乾淨水源活動（例如保護當地流域或減少塑膠垃圾）非常受到重視。像「raise awareness」（提高意識）這樣的片語，經常被非營利組織、學校宣導活動和社會運動所使用，用以動員大眾的支持。
EN： The causative verb 'let' is followed by an object (us) and a bare infinitive (take) to make a suggestion or call to action. 'Let us' is often contracted to 'let's' in informal speech.
中文： 使役動詞「let」（讓）後面接賓語（us）和原形動詞（take），用於提出建議或呼籲採取行動。「Let us」在口語中常縮寫為「let's」。
Let us work together to find a solution.
讓我們共同努力尋找解決方案。
EN： The conjunction 'before' introduces an adverbial clause of time. In time clauses referring to the future, we use the simple present tense ('grows') instead of the future tense.
中文： 從屬連詞「before」（在...之前）引導時間狀語從句。在表示未來時間的從句中，我們使用一般現在時（grows）來代替一般將來時。
Please turn off the lights before you leave.
請在離開前把燈關掉。
EN： The phrase 'take action' is a common call to action in civic and environmental campaigns. It emphasizes proactive behavior rather than passive observation, which is highly valued in Western community organizing.
中文： 「take action」（採取行動）是公民與環保運動中常見的號召用語。它強調主動積極的態度而非被動旁觀，這在西方的社區組織文化中受到高度重視。
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used here to express possibility or potential. It indicates that 'small steps' have the ability or potential to produce a significant result.
中文： 情態助動詞「can」在此處用於表示可能性或潛力。它指出「小小的步伐」具有產生重大結果的能力或潛在可能性。
Regular exercise can improve your health.
規律的運動可以改善你的健康。
EN： The collocation 'make a difference' is a common idiomatic expression meaning to have a significant effect on a person or situation. The adjective 'real' is used to emphasize the genuineness and impact of the change.
中文： 固定搭配「make a difference」是一個常見的習慣用語，意思是對人或處境產生顯著的影響。形容詞「real」（真正的）用於強調這種改變的真實性與影響力。
Your generous donation will make a big difference to the school.
您的慷慨捐款將對這所學校產生重大的影響。
EN： The phrase 'make a difference' is deeply rooted in Western civic culture, emphasizing individual agency and the belief that every single person's actions, no matter how small, contribute to the greater good of the community.
中文： 「make a difference」這個片語深深植根於西方公民文化中，強調個人能動性，並深信每個人的行動（無論多麼微小）都能為社區的整體利益做出貢獻。
EN： The collocation 'play a role in' is used to describe the involvement or influence of someone or something in a particular activity or situation. The adjective 'key' (meaning crucial or essential) modifies 'role' to emphasize importance.
中文： 動詞片語「play a role in」（在……中扮演角色/起作用）用於描述某人或某事在特定活動或情境中的參與或影響。形容詞「key」（關鍵的、重要的）修飾「role」，用以強調其重要性。
Technology plays a key role in modern education.
科技在現代教育中扮演著關鍵角色。
EN： The preposition 'in' is used here to indicate the area, domain, or activity where the role is played (in this case, 'our plan').
中文： 介係詞「in」在此處用於指示扮演該角色或發揮作用的領域、範圍或活動（在此句中為「我們的計劃」）。
She wants to be involved in the decision-making process.
她希望參與決策過程。
EN： In many English-speaking societies, volunteering is highly valued and deeply integrated into community development, school curriculums, and corporate social responsibility. Saying volunteers 'play a key role' reflects this cultural emphasis on active civic participation.
中文： 在許多英語系國家中，志願服務（義工活動）受到高度重視，並深植於社區發展、學校課程和企業社會責任中。說志工「扮演關鍵角色」反映了這種強調公民積極參與的文化價值觀。
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used here to express possibility or potential. It is followed by the base form of the verb ('have').
中文： 情態助動詞「can」在此處用於表示可能性或潛力。其後接動詞原形（此處為「have」）。
This new technology can improve our daily lives.
這項新技術能改善我們的日常生活。
EN： The collocation 'have an impact' is used to describe making a difference. The adjective 'lasting' (meaning continuing for a long time) modifies 'impact' to specify the duration of the effect.
中文： 搭配詞「have an impact」用於描述產生影響。形容詞「lasting」（意為持續很長時間的）修飾「impact」，以明確說明該影響的持續時間。
Her words had a lasting impact on my career choices.
她的話對我的職業選擇產生了深遠的影響。
EN： The modal verb 'must' is used to express strong obligation or necessity. It is followed by the base form of the verb (infinitive without 'to').
中文： 情態助動詞 'must' 用於表示強烈的義務或必要性（必須）。其後接動詞原形（不帶 to 的不定詞）。
We must protect our environment.
我們必須保護我們的環境。
EN： The collocation 'meet the needs' means to satisfy or fulfill requirements, demands, or necessities.
中文： 固定搭配 'meet the needs' 意為「滿足需求」，指提供足夠的事物以符合要求、渴望或必要條件。
The new school was built to meet the needs of the growing community.
建立這所新學校是為了滿足日益增長的社區需求。
EN： In many English-speaking cultures, 'neighbors' refers not just to people living next door, but to the broader local community. 'Meeting the needs of neighbors' reflects a strong civic duty and community-oriented mindset.
中文： 在許多英語系國家的文化中，「neighbors」（鄰居）不僅指住在隔壁的人，也泛指整個在地社區。「滿足鄰居的需求」體現了強烈的公民義務與社區互助精神。
EN： The causative verb 'let' is used to make suggestions or proposals. It is followed by an object (us) and the bare infinitive (reach) without 'to'. 'Let us' (often contracted as 'let's') is a polite way to invite others to do something together.
中文： 使役動詞「let」用於提出建議或提議。其後接賓語（us）和不帶 to 的動詞原形（reach）。「Let us」（常縮寫為 let's）是一種禮貌邀請他人共同行動的表達方式。
Let us discuss the details of the project tomorrow.
讓我們明天討論這個專案的細節。
EN： The collocation 'reach an agreement on' means to arrive at a decision or opinion that everyone accepts regarding a specific topic. The preposition 'on' is used to introduce the subject of the agreement.
中文： 片語「reach an agreement on」表示就特定主題達成大家都能接受的決定或共識。介系詞「on」用於引出達成共識的具體事項。
They finally reached an agreement on the new contract terms.
他們最終就新合約條款達成了共識。
EN： In professional and community organizing contexts, discussing budgets can often be a point of tension. Using inclusive language like 'Let us' helps build a collaborative atmosphere, signaling that the speaker views the financial planning as a shared responsibility rather than an imposition.
中文： 在專業和社區組織的背景下，討論預算往往容易產生緊張氣氛。使用像「Let us」（讓我們）這樣具包容性的語言有助於營造合作的氛圍，這表明說話者將財務規劃視為共同的責任，而非強加的指令。
EN： The modal verb 'should' is used to express duty, advice, or recommendation. It is followed by the base form of the verb (in this case, 'pay').
中文： 情態助動詞「should」（應該）用於表示義務、建議或勸告。其後必須接動詞原形（在此句中為「pay」）。
We should listen to their suggestions.
我們應該聽取他們的建議。
EN： The collocation 'pay attention to' is a common phrasal verb meaning to listen to, watch, or consider something or someone carefully.
中文： 片語「pay attention to」（注意／關注）是一個常見的動詞搭配，意思是仔細聆聽、觀察或考慮某事或某人。
Please pay attention to the road signs.
請注意路標。
EN： In democratic and community-driven contexts, 'every voice' emphasizes inclusivity and the value of active listening, suggesting that even minority or quiet opinions are important for collective decision-making.
中文： 在民主與社區導向的背景下，「every voice」（每一個聲音）強調了包容性與傾聽的價值，暗示即使是少數或微弱的意見，對於集體決策也同樣至關重要。
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used here to express possibility or potential. It indicates that the subject ('a single idea') has the ability or potential to bring about the action ('spark real change').
中文： 情態助動詞「can」在此處用於表示可能性或潛力。它指出主詞（「a single idea」，一個單純的想法）具有帶來該動作（「spark real change」，激發真正的改變）的能力或潛在力量。
Regular exercise can improve your health.
規律的運動能改善你的健康。
EN： The verb 'spark' is used metaphorically as a transitive verb meaning to cause something to start or develop suddenly, much like a physical spark ignites a fire.
中文： 動詞「spark」在此處作為及物動詞的隱喻用法，意思是突然引起或激發某事的開始與發展，就像物理上的火花點燃火焰一樣。
The teacher's words sparked a lively discussion.
老師的話激發了熱烈的討論。
EN： This sentence reflects a common theme in English-speaking civic and social movements, emphasizing individual agency and the power of grassroots initiatives. The word 'spark' is frequently used in motivational contexts to suggest that large-scale movements often begin with a very small, initial catalyst.
中文： 這句話反映了英語系國家公民與社會運動中常見的主題，強調個人能動性與草根倡議的力量。動詞「spark」（激發/點燃）經常被用於勵志語境中，暗示大規模的運動往往是從一個非常微小的初始催化劑開始的。
EN： The verb 'need' is followed by a to-infinitive ('to set') to express necessity or obligation. In this sentence, the 'to' is shared by both verbs in the coordinate structure: 'to set... and (to) meet...'.
中文： 動詞「need」（需要）後面接不定詞（to + 原形動詞）來表示必要性或義務。在本句中，「to」由對等連接詞連接的兩個動詞共享，即「to set... and (to) meet...」（省略了第二個 to）。
We need to finish the report and submit it today.
我們需要完成這份報告並在今天提交。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'on time' functions as an adverbial modifier meaning 'at the planned or expected time; punctual'. It is different from 'in time', which means 'early enough'.
中文： 介系詞片語「on time」用作副詞修飾語，意思是「準時、在預定時間」；與「in time」（及時、夠早）的意思有所不同。
Please ensure you arrive at the meeting on time.
請確保你準時到達會議現場。
EN： The structure 'Let us + base verb' (often contracted to 'Let's') is used to make a suggestion, offer an invitation, or encourage a group of people to do something together.
中文： 「Let us + 原形動詞」（常縮寫為 Let's）結構用於提出建議、發出邀請，或鼓勵一群人共同採取行動，中文常譯為「讓我們……」。
Let us work together to finish this project.
讓我們一起努力完成這個專案。
EN： The collocation 'take responsibility for' means to accept duty or blame for something, or to commit to taking care of a particular task or group.
中文： 片語「take responsibility for」意為「為……承擔責任」或「負責」，表示願意承擔某事、某任務或某群體的責任與義務。
We must take responsibility for our own mistakes.
我們必須為自己的錯誤承擔責任。
EN： In Western communities, civic engagement and taking individual or collective responsibility for local neighborhoods are highly valued. This phrase reflects the spirit of active citizenship and community-led initiatives.
中文： 在西方社會中，公民參與以及個人或集體對在地鄰里的責任感備受重視。這句話反映了積極公民意識與社區自主發起行動的精神。
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used to express ability or possibility in the present or future. It is followed by the base form of the verb (in this case, 'solve').
中文： 情態助動詞「can」用於表示現在或未來的能力或可能性。其後必須接動詞原形（在此句中為「solve」）。
With enough practice, you can speak English fluently.
透過足夠的練習，你就能流利地說英語。
EN： The demonstrative adjective 'this' is used to point to a specific singular noun ('problem') that is close to the speaker's current context or topic of discussion.
中文： 指示形容詞「this」（這個）用於指代在說話者當前語境或討論主題中，距離較近的特定單數名詞（在此句中為「problem」）。
We need to address this issue immediately.
我們需要立即處理這個問題。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, emphasizing collective effort ('together', 'shared problem') is a common rhetorical strategy used to build community spirit and motivate people to take action. It shifts the focus from individual responsibility to a supportive, collaborative environment.
中文： 在英語系國家中，強調集體努力（如「together」、「shared problem」）是一種常見的修辭策略，用於建立社區凝聚力並激勵人們採取行動。這能將焦點從個人責任轉移到互相支持、通力合作的氛圍中。
EN： The subordinating conjunction 'when' is used to introduce an adverbial clause of time, indicating the moment or condition under which the action in the main clause ('Change begins') occurs.
中文： 從屬連接詞「when」用於引導時間副詞子句，表示主句動作（「改變就開始了」）發生的時刻或條件。
Success happens when preparation meets opportunity.
當準備碰上機會時，成功就會發生。
EN： The verb 'decide' is followed by an infinitive ('to' + base verb) as its direct object, expressing a choice or plan to perform a future action.
中文： 動詞「decide」（決定）後面接不定詞（to + 原形動詞）作為其直接受詞，用以表達做出執行某個未來行動的決定或計劃。
They decided to support the local charity.
他們決定支持當地的慈善機構。
EN： The phrase 'take action' is a powerful call to arms in civic and community organizing. It reflects a deeply rooted cultural value in English-speaking societies regarding grassroots activism—the belief that individual, ordinary citizens have the power and responsibility to drive societal change, rather than waiting for top-down solutions.
中文： 「take action」（採取行動）是公民與社區組織中極具號召力的片語。它反映了英語系國家中根深蒂固的草根運動文化價值觀——即相信普通公民個體有能力也有責任去推動社會變革，而非消極等待自上而下的解決方案。
EN： The modal verb 'must' is used to express strong obligation or necessity. It is followed by the base form of the verb (bare infinitive), in this case, 'raise'.
中文： 情態助動詞 'must'（必須）用於表示強烈的義務或必要性。其後接動詞原形（不帶 to 的不定詞），在此句中為 'raise'。
We must protect our environment for future generations.
我們必須為了下一代保護我們的環境。
EN： The relative clause 'that matter' is a defining relative clause modifying the noun 'issues'. 'That' acts as the subject relative pronoun, and 'matter' is an intransitive verb meaning 'to be important'.
中文： 關係子句 'that matter'（重要的）是限定用法關係子句，修飾名詞 'issues'（議題）。'that' 作為主格關係代名詞，'matter' 為不及物動詞，意為「重要、有重大關係」。
EN： The verb 'help' can be followed by an object and then either a bare infinitive (verb without 'to') or a full infinitive (with 'to'). In this sentence, 'helps us make' uses the bare infinitive 'make' after the object 'us'.
中文： 動詞「help」（幫助）後面可以接受詞，再接不帶 to 的不定詞（原形動詞）或帶 to 的不定詞。在本句中，「helps us make」在受詞「us」後面使用了原形動詞「make」。
This map helps us find the way.
這張地圖幫助我們找到路。
EN： The coordinating conjunction 'and' connects two coordinate adjectives ('real' and 'lasting') that modify the same noun ('difference'). 'Lasting' is a present participle used as an adjective meaning enduring or continuing for a long time.
中文： 對等連接詞「and」連接兩個同等的形容詞（「real」與「lasting」），共同修飾後面的名詞「difference」。「Lasting」是現在分詞作形容詞用，表示持久的或深遠的。
They want to create a peaceful and lasting partnership.
他們想要建立一個和平且持久的伙伴關係。
EN： The phrase 'play a part in' means to be involved in something or to contribute to a result. It is followed by a noun or a gerund (verb-ing).
中文： 片語「play a part in」意為「參與…」或「在…中發揮作用、扮演角色」。後面接名詞或動名詞（V-ing）。
Technology plays a part in improving modern education.
科技在改善現代教育中發揮了作用。
EN： The phrasal verb 'turn A into B' means to transform or change A into B. In this sentence, 'hope' (abstract concept) is turned into 'work' (concrete action).
中文： 動詞片語「turn A into B」意為「將 A 轉化為 B」。在本句中，是將「希望」（抽象概念）轉化為「工作/實際行動」（具體行動）。
She turned her passion for cooking into a successful career.
她將自己對烹飪的熱情轉化為成功的事業。
EN： In English-speaking non-profit and community organizing contexts, 'work' is often contrasted with 'hope' or 'words' to emphasize tangible action and labor over passive wishing. This reflects a cultural value placed on pragmatism and active civic participation.
中文： 在英語系的非營利組織和社區組織語境中，「work」（工作/行動）經常與「hope」（希望）或「words」（言語）形成對比，以強調「具體的行動與付出」比「被動的期盼」更為重要。這反映了西方文化中注重務實與積極參與公共事務的價值觀。
EN： The infinitive of purpose ('to' + base verb) is used to express the reason or intention behind an action, answering the question 'why?'. It can be expanded to 'in order to' for more formal emphasis.
中文： 不定詞表目的（to + 原形動詞）用於表達某個動作背後的理由或意圖，回答「為什麼」的問題。在更正式的語境中，可以擴展為 'in order to'。
She studied hard to pass the exam.
她努力學習以通過考試。
EN： Adverbs of manner (like 'closely') describe how an action is performed. They typically modify verbs and are often placed immediately after the verb they modify, or after the object if there is one.
中文： 地方或狀態副詞（如 'closely'）描述動作進行的方式。它們通常修飾動詞，並常置於所修飾的動詞之後，若有受詞則置於受詞之後。
Please read the instructions closely before starting.
開始前請仔細閱讀說明。
EN： The past participle phrase 'done with care' acts as an adjective modifying the noun phrase 'Small projects'. It is a reduced relative clause, shortened from 'which are done with care'.
中文： 過去分詞片語「done with care」在此作為形容詞，用來修飾名詞片語「Small projects」（小型專案）。這是一種簡化的關係子句，由「which are done with care」省略而來。
The report, written in haste, contained several errors.
這份匆忙寫就的報告包含好幾個錯誤。
EN： The collocation 'have an impact' is used to describe the effect or influence that something has on someone or something. 'Wide' acts as an adjective to specify the scope of the impact.
中文： 常見搭配詞「have an impact」用於描述某事對某人或某物所產生的影響或作用。形容詞「wide」則用來具體說明該影響的範圍廣泛。
Her speech had a profound impact on the audience.
她的演講對聽眾產生了深遠的影響。
EN： The phrase 'pay attention to' is a common phrasal verb meaning to listen to, watch, or consider something carefully. The preposition 'to' must be followed by a noun, pronoun, or gerund.
中文： 片語「pay attention to」是一個常見的動詞片語，意思是仔細聆聽、觀看或考慮某事。介係詞「to」後面必須接名詞、代名詞或動名詞。
You must pay attention to the traffic signs when driving.
開車時你必須注意交通標誌。
EN： 'No matter how' is a concessive conjunction used to express that something is true or will happen regardless of the degree or extent of an adjective or adverb. It is followed by 'adjective/adverb + subject + verb'.
中文： 「No matter how」（不論如何、不管多麼）是一個讓步連詞，用來表示無論形容詞或副詞的程度如何，某事都是真實的或將會發生。其結構為「no matter how + 形容詞/副詞 + 主詞 + 動詞」。
No matter how difficult the task is, we will finish it.
不論這項任務多麼困難，我們都會完成它。
EN： In collaborative and community-driven environments in English-speaking cultures, there is a strong emphasis on inclusivity and active listening. Phrases like 'no matter how quiet' highlight the democratic value that every individual's contribution is worthy of respect, encouraging introverted or less vocal members to share their thoughts.
中文： 在英語系國家的合作與社區導向環境中，非常強調包容性與傾聽。像「no matter how quiet」這樣的表達方式，突顯了每個人貢獻都值得尊重的民主價值，鼓勵性格內向或不常發言的成員分享他們的想法。
EN： The conjunction 'when' is used to introduce an adverbial clause of time, indicating that the action in the main clause happens at the same time or immediately after the action in the dependent clause.
中文： 連接詞「when」用於引導時間副詞子句，表示主要子句的動作與從屬子句的動作同時發生，或在其之後立即發生。
When the bell rings, the students leave the classroom.
當鐘聲響起時，學生們就離開教室。
EN： The idiom 'move as one' means to act in complete agreement or coordination, where a group of individuals behaves as a single cohesive unit.
中文： 片語「move as one」意為「採取一致行動」或「協調一致」，形容一個群體中的個體像一個單一的整體般行動。
EN： The phrase 'move as one' reflects a strong cultural value placed on teamwork, solidarity, and collective action in English-speaking communities, especially in collaborative projects or sports.
中文： 片語「move as one」反映了英語系國家對於團隊合作、團結一致以及集體行動的高度重視，特別是在合作專案或體育運動中。
EN： The coordinating conjunction 'and' is used here to connect two independent clauses with the same subject ('We'). In English, when two clauses share the same subject, the subject of the second clause ('we') is often omitted to avoid repetition, resulting in a compound predicate: 'set clear goals' and 'meet them step by step'.
中文： 等立連接詞「and」在此用於連接兩個共享相同主詞（We）的獨立子句。在英文中，當兩個子句的主詞相同時，第二個子句的主詞（we）通常會省略以避免重複，形成複合謂語：「set clear goals」與「meet them step by step」。
She wrote the report and submitted it to the manager.
她寫了報告並將其提交給了經理。
EN： The phrase 'step by step' is an adverbial idiom meaning gradually, progressively, or doing one thing at a time. It modifies the verb 'meet' to describe the manner in which the goals are achieved.
中文： 片語「step by step」是一個副詞片語，意為「循序漸進地」或「一步一步地」。它在此修飾動詞「meet」，用以描述達成目標的方式。
We need to solve this complex problem step by step.
我們需要一步一步地解決這個複雜的問題。
EN： The infinitive phrase 'To spark change' is used at the beginning of the sentence to express purpose (equivalent to 'In order to spark change'). It is followed by a comma when placed at the start of a sentence.
中文： 不定詞片語「To spark change」置於句首，用來表示目的（相當於「In order to spark change」）。當不定詞片語放在句首時，後面通常會加上逗號與主句隔開。
To improve your English, you should practice speaking every day.
為了增進你的英文，你應該每天練習口說。
EN： The reflexive pronoun 'ourselves' is used here for emphasis (intensive use). It emphasizes that 'we' (the subject) must be the ones to take action, rather than relying on others.
中文： 反身代名詞「ourselves」在此處用作強調用法（Intensive Pronoun）。它用來強調「我們」（主詞）自己必須是採取行動的人，而不是依賴他人。
We must solve this difficult problem ourselves.
我們必須自己解決這個困難的問題。
EN： The phrase 'take responsibility' is highly valued in civic engagement and community organizing in English-speaking cultures. It emphasizes personal accountability and proactive leadership rather than waiting for others to solve societal problems.
中文： 在英語系國家的公民參與和社區組織文化中，「take responsibility」（承擔責任）是一個非常受到重視的概念。它強調個人的問責制與主動領導力，而不是被動等待他人來解決社會問題。
EN： The adverbial clause of time introduced by 'when'. In this structure, 'when' connects a main clause ('A community grows stronger') with a subordinate clause ('everyone shares the load') to indicate that the two situations happen at the same time or that one is the condition for the other.
中文： 由 'when' 引導的時間副詞子句。在此結構中，'when' 連接主句（「社區會變得更強大」）與從屬子句（「每個人都分擔重擔」），用以表示兩個情況同時發生，或其中一個是另一個的條件。
We feel safer when we work together.
當我們一起合作時，我們會感到更安全。
EN： The linking verb 'grow' followed by a comparative adjective. 'Grow' can function as a linking verb (copula) meaning 'to become' or 'to develop into a certain state', and is often paired with an adjective (like 'stronger') to show a gradual change.
中文： 連繫動詞 'grow' 後接比較級形容詞。'grow' 可作為連繫動詞，意思是「變得」或「發展成某種狀態」，通常與形容詞（如 'stronger'）連用，以表示漸進的變化。
The trees grow taller every year.
這些樹每年都變得更高。
EN： The phrase 'share the load' is a common English idiom that means to distribute work or responsibility so that it is not too heavy for any single person. It reflects a strong cultural value of community cooperation and collective responsibility in English-speaking societies.
中文： 片語 'share the load'（分擔重擔）是一個常見的英文習慣用語，意思是分配工作或責任，使任何單個人都不會負擔過重。這反映了英語系國家中對於社區合作和集體責任的強烈文化價值觀。
EN： The phrase 'in the end' is an idiomatic expression used as a transition to introduce a final result, conclusion, or ultimate truth after considering all facts.
中文： 片語「in the end」是一個慣用語，用作過渡詞，在考慮所有事實後，用來引出最終結果、結論或終極真理（意為「歸根結底」或「最後」）。
In the end, hard work always pays off.
歸根結底，努力終究會有回報。
EN： The passive voice 'is built from' (be + past participle + from) is used to show the material or individual components that make up a larger abstract or physical structure.
中文： 被動語態「is built from」（be 動詞 + 過去分詞 + from）用於表示構成某個更大抽象概念或具體結構的材料或個體組成部分（意為「由……建構而成」）。
Trust is built from mutual respect and honesty.
信任是由相互尊重與誠實建立起來的。
EN： The use of 'how' as an interrogative adverb to ask about the method or manner of doing something. In this sentence, it is followed by the auxiliary verb 'do' to form a question in the simple present tense.
中文： 使用疑問副詞「how」來詢問做某事的方法或方式。在此句子中，它後面接助動詞「do」以構成一般現在時的疑問句。
How do we solve this problem?
我們該如何解決這個問題？
EN： The use of a comma before a direct address (vocative case). When addressing someone directly by name at the end of a sentence, a comma must precede the name.
中文： 在直接稱呼（呼格）前使用逗號。當在句子末尾直接稱呼某人的名字時，名字前必須加上逗號。
Where are we going, Jack?
我們要去哪裡，傑克？
EN： In English-speaking cultures, addressing someone directly by their first name (like 'Emma') at the end of a question is a common way to show friendliness, establish a personal connection, and gently prompt the other person for an answer.
中文： 在英語系國家中，在問句末尾直接稱呼對方的名字（如「艾瑪」）是一種很常見的表達方式，用來展現友善、建立個人連結，並溫和地引導對方做出回答。
EN： The transition word 'First' is used as an adverbial linker to sequence events or steps in a process, helping to organize thoughts logically.
中文： 過渡詞「First」（首先）用作副詞性連接詞，用來排列事件或步驟的順序，有助於邏輯性地組織想法。
First, we need to gather all the necessary data.
首先，我們需要收集所有必要的數據。
EN： The collocation 'raise awareness about/of' means to increase people's knowledge or understanding of a specific issue or subject.
中文： 固定搭配「raise awareness about/of」（提高對……的意識/關注）意指增加人們對特定議題或主題的了解或認識。
The campaign aims to raise awareness about mental health.
這項活動旨在提高人們對心理健康的關注。
EN： In community organizing and social activism, 'raising awareness' is widely recognized as the essential first step before any concrete action or policy change can occur. It emphasizes education and dialogue.
中文： 在社區組織和社會運動中，「提高意識」（raising awareness）被廣泛認為是採取任何具體行動或政策變革之前必不可少的第一步。它強調教育與對話的重要性。
EN： The phrase 'take action' is a common collocation meaning to do something to address a situation or solve a problem. 'Take' acts as the main verb, and 'action' is the noun object.
中文： 片語「take action」是一個常見的搭配詞，意思是採取行動以解決問題或應對某種情況。其中「take」作為主要動詞，「action」為名詞受詞。
The government must take action to reduce air pollution.
政府必須採取行動來減少空氣污染。
EN： The preposition 'with' is used here to indicate accompaniment or the means/manner in which an action is performed. In this case, 'with a clear plan' describes how the action is taken.
中文： 介係詞「with」在此處用於表示伴隨狀態，或是進行某項行動的方式與手段。在這個句子中，「with a clear plan」描述了採取行動時所伴隨的條件（帶著明確的計劃）。
She solved the difficult puzzle with great patience.
她非常有耐心地解開了這個難題。
EN： The adverb 'even' is used to emphasize something that is surprising or unexpected. In this sentence, it emphasizes that even 'small steps' (which might seem insignificant) can have a major impact.
中文： 副詞「even」（甚至/即使）用於強調令人驚訝或出乎意料的事物。在本句中，它強調了「微小的步驟」（看似微不足道）也能產生重大的影響。
Even a child can understand this simple rule.
即使是小孩子也能理解這個簡單的規則。
EN： The collocation 'make a difference' means to have an effect on a situation, usually a positive one. The adjective 'real' is placed before 'difference' to emphasize the genuineness or significance of the impact.
中文： 片語「make a difference」意思是對形勢產生影響（通常是積極的影響）。形容詞「real」（真正的）置於「difference」之前，以強調這種影響的真實性或顯著性。
Your generous donation will make a big difference to our project.
您的慷慨捐助將對我們的專案產生重大影響。
EN： The word 'each' is a distributive determiner used to refer to every individual member of a group separately. It is always followed by a singular countable noun (e.g., 'volunteer') and requires a singular verb (e.g., 'plays').
中文： 單字「each」（每個）是一個分配限定詞，用於單獨指代群體中的每一個成員。它後面必須接單數可數名詞（例如「volunteer」），且動詞也必須使用單數形式（例如「plays」）。
Each student has a unique talent.
每位學生都有獨特的才能。
EN： The idiom 'play a role (in something)' means to be involved in an activity or to have an effect on a situation. The adjective 'key' modifies 'role' to emphasize that the involvement is extremely important or essential.
中文： 片語「play a role (in something)」意思是參與某項活動或對某個局勢產生影響。形容詞「key」（關鍵的）修飾「role」（角色），用以強調該參與是非常重要或不可或缺的。
Education plays a key role in personal growth.
教育在個人成長中扮演著關鍵角色。
EN： The infinitive 'to meet' is used here as an adverbial of purpose (infinitive of purpose), which explains 'why' the action of listening is performed. It can be translated as 'in order to' or 'so as to'.
中文： 不定詞「to meet」在此處用作目的副詞（目的不定詞），用來解釋進行「傾聽（listen）」這個動作的「原因」或「目的」。可以理解為「為了要……」或「以便……」。
We study hard to pass the exam.
我們努力學習以通過考試。
EN： The possessive nouns ending in plural 's' (like 'people's') show ownership. Although 'people' is already plural, it does not end in 's', so we add apostrophe-s ('s) to form the possessive.
中文： 複數名詞的所有格表示所有權。雖然「people（人們）」本身已經是複數名詞，但因為它不是以字母 's' 結尾，所以我們必須加上撇號與 s（'s）來形成所有格「people's（人們的）」。
We respect other people's opinions.
我們尊重他人的意見。
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used here to express possibility or potential. It indicates that 'small projects' have the capability or potential to achieve 'a wide impact'.
中文： 情態助動詞「can」在此處用於表示可能性或潛力。它指出「小型專案」具有產生「廣泛影響」的能力或潛能。
Even simple ideas can change the world.
即使是簡單的想法也能改變世界。
EN： The collocation 'have an impact' is a common verb-noun collocation used to describe the effect something has on another thing. It is often modified by adjectives like 'wide', 'lasting', or 'deep'.
中文： 動詞與名詞搭配詞「have an impact」是一個常見的片語，用來描述某事對另一事物的影響。它經常被「wide（廣泛的）」、「lasting（深遠的）」或「deep（深刻的）」等形容詞修飾。
Her speech had a lasting impact on the students.
她的演講對學生們產生了深遠的影響。
EN： The coordinating conjunction 'and' is used to connect two independent clauses or two parallel verb phrases. In this sentence, 'and' connects two actions performed by the same subject 'We': 'set a goal' and 'meet it on time'.
中文： 等位連接詞「and」用於連接兩個獨立子句或兩個平行的動詞片語。在本句中，「and」連接了由同一個主詞「We」（我們）所執行的兩個動作：「set a goal」（設定目標）與「meet it on time」（準時達成）。
She wrote the letter and mailed it this morning.
她寫了那封信並在今天早上寄了出去。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'on time' functions as an adverbial modifier meaning 'at the planned or expected time; punctual'. It is distinct from 'in time', which means 'early enough; before it is too late'.
中文： 介係詞片語「on time」用作副詞修飾語，意思是「準時；在預定的時間」。它與「in time」（及時；在為時已晚之前）有所不同。
Please ensure you arrive on time for the meeting.
請確保你準時出席會議。
EN： In professional and academic environments in English-speaking cultures, punctuality ('on time') and goal-setting are highly valued traits that reflect reliability, respect for others' time, and strong organizational skills.
中文： 在英語系國家的職場與學術環境中，準時（on time）與設定目標被視為非常重要的特質，這代表著可靠性、對他人時間的尊重以及強大的組織能力。
EN： The phrase 'take responsibility for' is a common collocated verb phrase meaning to accept the duty to deal with something or to take the blame for something. It is followed by a noun or a gerund (verb-ing).
中文： 片語「take responsibility for」是一個常見的固定搭配動詞片語，意思是「為……承擔責任」或「對……負責」。後面接名詞或動名詞（V-ing）。
She is ready to take responsibility for the new project.
她準備好為這個新專案承擔責任了。
EN： The possessive determiner 'our' is used before a noun to show that something belongs to or is associated with the speaker and one or more other people.
中文： 所有格限定詞「our」（我們的）用於名詞前，表示某物屬於說話者及其他一人或多人，或與其相關。
We must protect our environment.
我們必須保護我們的環境。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, 'community' refers not just to a geographical neighborhood, but to a shared sense of belonging and mutual support. Taking responsibility for one's community through volunteering or civic engagement is highly valued as a core civic duty.
中文： 在英語系國家中，「community」（社區/社群）不僅指地理上的鄰里，更指一種共同的歸屬感與互相扶持的關係。透過志願服務或參與公共事務來「為社區承擔責任」，被視為非常重要的核心公民義務。
EN： The structure 'Imperative Clause + and + Future Clause' is used to express a conditional relationship, meaning 'If you do X, then Y will happen.' The imperative verb (here, 'Start') acts as the condition, and 'and' introduces the inevitable result.
中文： 「祈使句 + and + 未來式子句」的結構用來表示條件關係，意思是「如果你做某事，那麼某結果就會發生」。祈使句動詞（此處為 'Start'）作為條件，而 'and' 則引導出必然發生的結果。
Work hard, and you will succeed.
努力工作，你就會成功。
EN： The word 'small' is used here as an adverbial modifier following the verb 'start'. While 'small' is typically an adjective, in the idiom 'start small', it functions as an adverb meaning 'beginning with a small scale or low level of commitment'.
中文： 「small」在此處用作動詞「start」後面的副詞性修飾語。雖然「small」通常是形容詞，但在習慣用語「start small」中，它的功能類似副詞，意思是「從微小的規模或較低的投入程度開始」。
It is often wise to start small when launching a new business.
創立新事業時，從微小的規模開始通常是明智的。
EN： The phrase 'Start small, and change will grow' reflects a common philosophical approach in modern social movements and personal development. It emphasizes that monumental changes often begin with tiny, manageable actions, encouraging individuals not to feel overwhelmed by the scale of global problems.
中文： 「從微小的地方開始，改變就會隨之增長」這句話反映了現代社會運動和個人成長中常見的哲學方法。它強調巨大的改變往往始於微小、可控的行動，鼓勵人們不要被全球性問題的規模所嚇倒。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 意識；察覺；關注
在本文中： 志願者；義工
在本文中： 持久的；深遠的
在本文中： 協定；共識；同意
在本文中： 引發；觸發（變化或事件）
在本文中： 責任；職責
在本文中： 普通的；平凡的
在本文中： 影響；作用
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
To increase knowledge and understanding of a particular issue or cause.
提高意識；喚起關注
To do something to address a problem or achieve a specific purpose.
採取行動
To have a significant effect on a person or situation, usually a positive one.
產生影響；發揮作用；帶來改變
To be a very important part of an activity, process, or group.
扮演關鍵角色；起決定性作用
To arrive at a decision or position that is accepted by all parties involved.
達成協議；取得共識