Steve Jobs: Think Different賈伯斯：不同凡想
聆聽課程
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EN： Present Participle Phrase (Reduced Relative Clause): The word 'aiming' starts a participle phrase that functions as an adverbial modifier, explaining the purpose or simultaneous action of the subject (Steve). It is a shortened form of 'and he aimed' or 'while he was aiming'.
中文： 現在分詞短語（簡化關係子句）：'aiming' 引導的分詞短語作為狀語修飾語，解釋主詞（史蒂夫）的目的或同時進行的動作。這是 'and he aimed' 或 'while he was aiming' 的簡化形式。
She walked out of the room, slamming the door behind her.
她走出房間，砰的一聲關上了門。
EN： Past Simple Tense: Used to describe completed actions in the past. 'Founded' is the past tense of 'found' (to establish), indicating a specific historical event.
中文： 一般過去式：用於描述過去已完成的動作。'Founded' 是 'found'（創立）的過去式，表示一個特定的歷史事件。
The company was founded in 1976.
這家公司成立於 1976 年。
EN： NeXT Computer was the company Steve Jobs started after being forced out of Apple in 1985. Although it wasn't a huge commercial success, its operating system (NeXTSTEP) became the foundation for macOS after Apple acquired NeXT in 1997.
中文： NeXT Computer 是史蒂夫·賈伯斯在 1985 年被趕出蘋果公司後創立的公司。雖然它在商業上並未取得巨大成功，但其作業系統 (NeXTSTEP) 在 1997 年蘋果收購 NeXT 後，成為了 macOS 的基礎。
EN： The sentence uses a Present Participle Phrase ('seeing its potential') to provide additional information or express a reason/result. It functions as an adverbial clause reduced from 'because he saw its potential'.
中文： 本句使用了現在分詞短語（seeing its potential）來提供補充資訊或表達原因/結果。這是一種分詞構句，由狀語從句（例如 because he saw...）簡化而來。
She walked out of the room, closing the door quietly.
她走出房間，輕輕地關上門。
EN： The Past Participle Phrase 'called Pixar' acts as an adjective (reduced relative clause) modifying the noun 'studio'. It is short for 'which was called Pixar'.
中文： 過去分詞短語「called Pixar」作為形容詞使用（簡化自關係子句），用來修飾名詞「studio」。它是「which was called Pixar」的縮寫。
I live in a city called Taipei.
我住在一個名為台北的城市。
EN： Pixar was originally a hardware group within Lucasfilm before Steve Jobs bought it. This sentence highlights Jobs' famous 'vision'—the ability to see the future value of technology and art before others did.
中文： 皮克斯最初是盧卡斯影業旗下的一個硬體部門，後來才被賈伯斯買下。這句話強調了賈伯斯著名的「遠見」——即在他人察覺之前，就能預見技術與藝術未來價值的潛力。
EN： The conjunction 'While' is used here to introduce a contrast between two simultaneous actions or situations, often highlighting a difference in their progress or success.
中文： 連接詞「While」在此處用於引導兩個同時發生的動作或情況之間的對比，通常用來強調它們在進展或成功程度上的差異。
While the city is busy during the day, it becomes very peaceful at night.
雖然這座城市在白天很繁忙，但到了晚上就變得非常寧靜。
EN： The idiom 'gain traction' means to start to succeed or become popular. It is commonly used in business contexts to describe a product or idea that is beginning to be accepted by the public.
中文： 成語「gain traction」字面意思是獲得抓地力，引申為開始取得進展、獲得認可或變得流行。在商業語境中常用來描述產品或概念開始被大眾接受。
The new marketing campaign is finally starting to gain traction.
新的行銷活動終於開始見效了。
EN： This sentence highlights a pivotal moment in tech history. NeXT was Steve Jobs' ambitious computer company that failed commercially, but its software became the foundation for macOS. Meanwhile, Pixar, which Jobs also owned, revolutionized the film industry. The contrast shows how failure in one area can coexist with massive success in another.
中文： 這句話強調了科技史上的關鍵時刻。NeXT 是賈伯斯創立的雄心勃勃的電腦公司，雖然在商業上失敗了，但其軟體後來成為 macOS 的基礎。與此同時，賈伯斯擁有的 Pixar 則徹底改變了電影產業。這種對比展示了一個領域的失敗如何與另一個領域的巨大成功並存。
EN： Appositive: A noun or noun phrase that sits next to another noun to rename or describe it. Here, 'the world's first fully computer-animated feature film' describes 'Toy Story'.
中文： 同位語：緊跟在另一個名詞後面的名詞或名詞短語，用於重新命名或補充說明該名詞。在此句中，「the world's first fully computer-animated feature film」是用來描述「Toy Story」。
My brother, a talented chef, opened a new restaurant.
我的哥哥，一位有才華的廚師，開了一家新餐廳。
EN： Present Participle Phrase (Reduced Relative Clause): The word 'marking' starts a participial phrase that describes the result of the previous action or provides additional information about the entire preceding clause.
中文： 現在分詞短語（簡化關係子句）：單字「marking」引導一個分詞短語，用來描述前述動作產生的結果，或對整個前句提供補充資訊。
The heavy rain lasted for hours, causing a flood in the city.
大雨持續了數小時，導致城市淹水。
EN： Toy Story (1995) was a landmark in cinema history as it moved the industry away from traditional hand-drawn animation toward CGI (Computer-Generated Imagery), establishing Pixar as a dominant force in storytelling.
中文： 1995 年的《玩具總動員》是電影史上的里程碑，它將動畫產業從傳統的手繪動畫轉向 CGI（電腦成像）技術，並確立了皮克斯在說故事領域的領導地位。
EN： The use of the Past Simple tense with specific time markers (In 1997) to describe completed states and actions in the past.
中文： 使用過去簡單式搭配特定的時間標記（In 1997），用來描述過去已經完成的狀態或動作。
In 2010, the company launched its first tablet.
2010 年，該公司推出了第一款平板電腦。
EN： Adverbs of degree (nearly, desperately) are used to modify adjectives (bankrupt) and verbs (needed) to emphasize the intensity of the situation.
中文： 程度副詞（nearly, desperately）用於修飾形容詞（bankrupt）和動詞（needed），以強調情況的強烈程度。
He was nearly exhausted after the long meeting.
長會結束後，他幾乎筋疲力盡。
EN： The year 1997 is a pivotal moment in tech history. Apple was only weeks away from total bankruptcy before Microsoft invested $150 million and Steve Jobs returned, marking one of the greatest corporate turnarounds in history.
中文： 1997 年是科技史上的關鍵時刻。當時蘋果距離完全破產僅剩幾週時間，直到微軟投資了 1.5 億美元且史蒂夫·賈伯斯回歸，這標誌著歷史上最偉大的企業轉機之一。
EN： The Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle) is used to describe an action that was completed before another action in the past. Here, 'had earned' happened before 'returned'.
中文： 過去完成式 (had + 過去分詞) 用於描述在過去某個動作之前就已經完成的動作。在此句中，「贏回職位」發生在「回歸」之前。
She had finished the report before the meeting started.
在會議開始之前，她就已經完成了報告。
EN： Apposition (Appositive) is a noun or noun phrase that renames or provides more information about another noun right next to it. 'A position...' explains what 'CEO' represents.
中文： 同位語 (Appositive) 是一個名詞或名詞短語，用來重新命名或提供緊鄰其旁的名詞的更多資訊。這裡的「a position...」解釋了「CEO」所代表的意義。
Mr. Brown, my favorite teacher, is retiring next year.
布朗先生，我最喜歡的老師，明年就要退休了。
EN： Steve Jobs was famously ousted from Apple in 1985. His return in 1997 is considered one of the most significant corporate comebacks in history, as he transformed Apple from near-bankruptcy to the world's most valuable company.
中文： 史蒂夫·賈伯斯曾於 1985 年被蘋果公司解雇。他在 1997 年的回歸被認為是歷史上最重大的企業反攻案例之一，因為他將蘋果從瀕臨破產轉變為全球市值最高的公司。
EN： Present Participle Phrase (V-ing): Used here as a reduced relative clause or a supplementary action, providing more detail about the main action (simplified). It functions as an adverbial modifier describing how or in what manner the subject performed the main verb.
中文： 現在分詞短語 (V-ing)：此處用作簡化子句或補充說明，提供關於主句動作（簡化）的更多細節。它作為副詞修飾語，描述主詞執行主動詞的方式或狀態。
She walked out of the room, smiling at everyone.
她走出房間，對著每個人微笑。
EN： Past Simple Tense: Used to describe completed actions in the past. The verb 'simplified' is the regular past form of 'simplify'.
中文： 過去簡單式：用於描述過去已完成的動作。動詞 'simplified' 是 'simplify' 的規則過去式變化。
The company launched its first product in 1984.
這間公司在 1984 年推出了首款產品。
EN： This sentence refers to a pivotal moment in business history when Steve Jobs returned to Apple in 1997. He famously cut the product grid from dozens of items to just four, embodying the philosophy of 'Less is More' which became Apple's hallmark.
中文： 這句話指的是商業史上的一個關鍵時刻。1997 年史蒂夫·賈伯斯重返蘋果時，他著名地將產品線從數十項削減至僅剩四項，體現了「少即是多」的哲學，這也成為了蘋果的標誌性特徵。
EN： The use of the V-ing form (marking) after a comma is a 'Present Participle Phrase' used to show a result or a simultaneous action. It functions as a reduced relative clause, effectively meaning 'which marked'.
中文： 在逗號後使用 V-ing 形式（marking）是「現在分詞短語」，用於表示結果或同時發生的動作。它起到了簡化關係子句的作用，實際意義等同於「which marked」。
The heavy rain lasted for hours, causing severe flooding in the city.
大雨持續了數小時，導致城市嚴重淹水。
EN： The verb 'save' is often used with the preposition 'from' to indicate the danger or negative state that was avoided (save someone/something from + noun).
中文： 動詞「save」經常與介系詞「from」連用，用來表示所避開的危險或負面狀態（save someone/something from + 名詞）。
The new law saved the forest from destruction.
這項新法律使森林免於遭受破壞。
EN： The iMac G3, released in 1998, was a cultural icon known for its translucent, candy-colored design. It is often cited in business history as the product that saved Apple from bankruptcy and redefined the personal computer as a consumer lifestyle product rather than just a gray office tool.
中文： 1998 年發布的 iMac G3 是一個文化標誌，以其半透明、糖果色的設計聞名。在商業史上，它經常被引用為將蘋果公司從破產邊緣救回的產品，並將個人電腦重新定義為消費者的生活風格產品，而不僅僅是灰色的辦公工具。
EN： The sentence uses a 'Participle Phrase' (changing...) as an absolute construction or a supplementary modifier. Here, 'each one' acts as the logical subject for the present participle 'changing', describing the result or additional information about the preceding clause.
中文： 本句使用了「分詞片語」（changing...）作為補充說明。這裡的「each one」是現在分詞「changing」的邏輯主詞，用來描述前述主要子句所產生的結果或額外資訊。
The company released three new apps, each one targeting a different age group.
公司發布了三款新的應用程式，每一款都針對不同的年齡層。
EN： The Oxford Comma is used before the conjunction 'and' in a list of three or more items (iPod, iPhone, and iPad) to ensure clarity and separate the items distinctly.
中文： 牛津逗號（Oxford Comma）用於三個或更多項目的列表（iPod, iPhone, and iPad）中連字號「and」之前，以確保語意清晰並清楚區分各個項目。
She bought apples, oranges, and bananas at the market.
她在市場買了蘋果、橘子和香蕉。
EN： The mention of iPod, iPhone, and iPad refers to the 'Holy Trinity' of Apple's consumer electronics that revolutionized music, telecommunications, and mobile computing respectively. The lowercase 'i' prefix became a cultural symbol of the early 21st-century digital era.
中文： 提到 iPod、iPhone 和 iPad 是指蘋果公司在消費電子領域的「三位一體」，它們分別徹底改變了音樂、電信和行動運算。小寫字母「i」的前綴已成為 21 世紀初數位時代的文化象徵。
EN： The correlative conjunction 'both... and...' is used to emphasize that two qualities or items are equally true or applicable to the subject.
中文： 對等連詞 'both... and...' 用於強調兩個特質或項目對主體而言同樣成立，意為「既...又...」。
The hotel was both affordable and comfortable.
這間飯店既實惠又舒適。
EN： The sentence uses a 'that-clause' as a noun clause acting as the direct object of the verb 'believed'. In English, the conjunction 'that' is often omitted in informal or narrative contexts.
中文： 本句使用了「that 子句」作為名詞子句，充當動詞 'believed' 的直接受詞。在英語敘述中，連接詞 'that' 經常被省略。
I believe (that) we can win the game.
我相信我們能贏得比賽。
EN： This sentence reflects Steve Jobs' core philosophy of 'Human-Centered Design,' which revolutionized the tech industry by prioritizing aesthetics and user experience over raw technical specifications.
中文： 這句話反映了賈伯斯「以人為本」的設計核心哲學。他優先考慮美學與使用者體驗，而非單純的技術規格，這徹底改變了科技產業。
EN： The sentence uses the Past Simple tense ('redefined', 'interacted') to describe completed actions in the past that have a lasting impact on history.
中文： 句子使用了過去簡單式（redefined, interacted），用來描述過去已經完成且對歷史產生深遠影響的動作。
The invention of the internet changed how we share information.
網際網路的發明改變了我們分享資訊的方式。
EN： The phrase 'the way (that) people interacted' uses a relative clause to modify the noun 'way'. In English, 'that' or 'in which' is often omitted after 'the way'.
中文： 短語 'the way (that) people interacted' 使用關係子句來修飾名詞 'way'（方式）。在英語中，'the way' 之後常省略關係代名詞 'that' 或 'in which'。
I like the way she teaches English.
我喜歡她教英文的方式。
EN： The term 'user interface' (UI) became a household name largely due to Apple's focus on making complex computers accessible to non-technical people through visual design.
中文： 「使用者介面」(UI) 這一術語之所以變得家喻戶曉，很大程度上歸功於蘋果公司致力於透過視覺設計，讓非技術人員也能輕鬆使用複雜的電腦。
EN： The sentence uses a Present Participle Phrase ('inspiring...') as a result or extension of the main clause. This is a reduced relative clause or a participial construction that describes the effect of the preceding action.
中文： 本句使用了現在分詞短語（inspiring...）作為主要子句的結果或延伸。這是一種簡化的關係子句或分詞結構，用來描述前述動作所產生的影響或結果。
The heavy rain lasted for hours, causing severe flooding in the city.
大雨持續了數小時，導致城市嚴重淹水。
EN： The verb 'pursue' is used in the infinitive form 'to pursue' following the object 'generations'. The structure 'inspire someone to do something' is a common transitive verb pattern.
中文： 動詞 'pursue' 以不定詞形式 'to pursue' 接在受詞 'generations' 之後。'inspire someone to do something'（激勵某人去做某事）是常見的及物動詞句型。
Her teacher inspired her to study medicine.
她的老師激勵她去攻讀醫學。
EN： The phrase 'Stay hungry, stay foolish' was originally from the 'Whole Earth Catalog' and was popularized by Steve Jobs during his 2005 Stanford commencement speech. It encourages people to never be satisfied with what they know and to be willing to take risks that others might find 'foolish'.
中文： 「Stay hungry, stay foolish」這句話最初出自《全球概覽》（Whole Earth Catalog），因史蒂夫·賈伯斯在 2005 年史丹佛大學畢業典禮演講中引用而聞名。它鼓勵人們永不滿足於現狀，並勇於承擔他人可能認為「愚蠢」的風險。
EN： Passive Voice (be + past participle): Used when the subject receives the action. In this sentence, 'was diagnosed' indicates that a doctor performed the diagnosis on Steve.
中文： 被動語態 (be 動詞 + 過去分詞)：用於主詞是動作的接受者時。在本句中，「was diagnosed」表示醫生對史蒂夫進行了診斷。
The patient was treated by a specialist.
這位病人由一位專科醫生進行治療。
EN： Gerunds after 'continue': The verb 'continue' can be followed by a gerund (V-ing) to indicate that an action persists or resumes.
中文： continue 後接動名詞：動詞「continue」後面可以接動名詞 (V-ing)，用來表示某個動作持續進行或恢復進行。
Despite the rain, they continued playing football.
儘管下著雨，他們仍繼續踢足球。
EN： Steve Jobs' battle with pancreatic cancer was highly publicized. His decision to continue leading Apple during his illness is often cited as a testament to his passion and dedication to his work.
中文： 史蒂夫·賈伯斯與胰臟癌的抗爭廣為人知。他在患病期間決定繼續領導蘋果公司，這常被視為他對工作充滿熱情與奉獻精神的證明。
EN： The preposition 'about' is followed by gerunds (verb + -ing) when describing the content or topic of a speech or book. Here, 'connecting' and 'following' act as nouns representing actions.
中文： 介係詞 'about' 後方接動名詞 (V-ing) 用來描述演講或書籍的主題內容。在此處，'connecting' 與 'following' 作為名詞使用，代表特定的行為。
She wrote a book about traveling the world on a budget.
她寫了一本關於如何以低預算環遊世界的書。
EN： The phrase 'connecting the dots' is an idiomatic expression meaning to find a logical link between separate ideas or events, often looking back at past experiences.
中文： 短語 'connecting the dots' 是一個習語，意指在看似獨立的想法或事件之間找到邏輯聯繫，通常用於回顧過去的經驗。
It was only years later that I started connecting the dots of my career path.
直到多年後，我才開始將我職業生涯的點點滴滴聯繫起來。
EN： This refers to Steve Jobs' 2005 Stanford Commencement Speech, which is one of the most famous graduation speeches in history. The concept of 'connecting the dots' emphasizes that you can't connect them looking forward; you can only connect them looking backward, trusting that things will make sense in the future.
中文： 這指的是史蒂夫·賈伯斯 2005 年在史丹佛大學的畢業演講，這是歷史上最著名的畢業演講之一。「連結點滴」的概念強調你無法預先串連人生的經歷，只有在多年後回首時，才會發現這些點滴是如何交織在一起並產生意義。
EN： The sentence uses a Present Participle Phrase ('leaving behind...') as a result or simultaneous action. This structure reduces a clause (and he left behind...) to a participle to show that the second action is a direct consequence of the first.
中文： 本句使用了現在分詞短語（leaving behind...）來表示結果或同時發生的動作。這種結構將從句（and he left behind...）簡化為分詞，用以表示第二個動作是第一個動作的直接後果。
The storm hit the coast, causing widespread power outages.
風暴襲擊了海岸，造成了廣泛的停電。
EN： The phrasal verb 'pass away' is a euphemism for 'to die.' It is used to show respect and sensitivity when discussing someone's death.
中文： 片語動詞 'pass away' 是 'die'（死亡）的委婉說法。在討論某人的逝世時，使用此詞以示尊重與體恤。
Her grandfather passed away peacefully in his sleep.
她的祖父在睡夢中安詳地過世了。
EN： The term 'legacy' is often used in Western culture to describe the lasting impact or contribution a person makes to the world after their death, especially for public figures like Steve Jobs.
中文： 「Legacy」（遺產/傳承）一詞在西方文化中常用於描述一個人在去世後對世界產生的持久影響或貢獻，特別是用於像史蒂夫·賈伯斯這樣的公眾人物。
EN： The present participle phrase (making him...) is used as a result clause. It functions as an adverbial modifier that describes the consequence or result of the entire preceding main clause.
中文： 現在分詞短語（making him...）被用作結果子句。它的功能是副詞修飾語，用來描述前面整個主句所產生的結果或後果。
The heavy rain lasted for hours, causing a massive flood in the city.
大雨持續了數小時，導致城市發生大洪水。
EN： The verb 'continue' can be followed by a 'to-infinitive' (to shape) or a 'gerund' (shaping) with very little difference in meaning, indicating an action that persists over time.
中文： 動詞 'continue' 後面可以接「不定詞」(to shape) 或「動名詞」(shaping)，兩者意義差別不大，皆表示動作隨時間持續進行。
Despite the challenges, she continued to pursue her career in music.
儘管面臨挑戰，她仍繼續追求她的音樂事業。
EN： The term 'visionary' is frequently used in Silicon Valley culture to describe leaders like Steve Jobs who didn't just improve existing products but imagined entirely new categories of technology that changed human behavior.
中文： 「Visionary」（遠見者）一詞在矽谷文化中常用來形容像賈伯斯這樣的領導者。他們不僅是改進現有產品，而是構想出全新的技術類別，進而改變了人類的行為模式。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 革命性的，產生重大變革的
在本文中： （觀點、產品等）受歡迎的程度，拉動力
在本文中： 突破，重大進展
在本文中： 破產的
在本文中： 創新，革新
在本文中： （局面）好轉，轉機
在本文中： 重新定義
在本文中： 座右銘，格言
在本文中： 非凡的，卓越的
在本文中： 有遠見的人，遠見卓識者
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
To begin to have success or acceptance.
取得進展，開始受到歡迎
A polite way to say someone has died.
去世，過世
To understand how different ideas or events are related.
將點滴串聯起來，領悟其中的關聯
To never be satisfied with your achievements and always want to do more.
求知若渴，永不滿足於現狀
A full-length movie intended for theatrical release, usually lasting 75 minutes or more.
長片；正片
A group of related products manufactured by a single company.
產品線
The visual and interactive elements of a software application or hardware device.
使用者介面