EN: Imperative sentences are used to give orders, advice, or instructions. In this structure, the subject 'you' is omitted, and the sentence begins directly with the base form of the verb (bare infinitive).
中文: 祈使句用于给予命令、建议或指示。在这种结构中,主语「you」(你/你们)会被省略,句子直接以动词原形开头。
Listen carefully to the instructions.
仔细听指示。
EN: A relative clause (adjective clause) is used to modify a noun. Here, 'that truly matters to you' is a defining relative clause modifying 'a topic'. 'That' acts as the subject relative pronoun.
中文: 关系从句(形容词从句)用于修饰名词。在此处,「that truly matters to you」是一个限定性关系从句,用来修饰「a topic」(主题)。「that」在此担任主格关系代词。
She wants to find a job that challenges her.
她想找一份具有挑战性的工作。
EN: The sentence uses the imperative mood, which is used to give commands, instructions, or advice. In English, the imperative is formed by using the base form of the verb without a subject (the implied subject is 'you').
中文: 本句使用了祈使句(Imperative Mood),用于给予命令、指示或建议。在英文中,祈使句的结构是直接使用动词原形,省略主语(省略的主语为「you」)。
Always verify your sources before writing.
写作前务必核实你的来源。
EN: 'Moreover' is a transition word (conjunctive adverb) used to add information that supports or expands on what has already been said. It is typically placed at the beginning of a sentence and followed by a comma.
中文: 「Moreover」是一个转折词(连接副词),用于添加支持或扩展前文的信息。它通常放在句首,后面紧跟着逗号。
The research is thorough; moreover, it is easy to understand.
这项研究很周详;此外,它也很容易理解。
EN: In English academic and persuasive writing, providing concrete evidence or 'real examples' is highly valued. Generalizations without proof are often considered weak arguments. Using transition words like 'Moreover' helps build a logical, structured flow that is expected in formal communication.
中文: 在英文學術與說服性寫作中,提供具體證據或「真實例子」被視為至關重要。沒有證據的籠統陳述通常被認為是軟弱無力的論點。使用像「Moreover」這樣的轉折詞有助於建立正式溝通中所期待的邏輯與結構流暢度。
EN: The modal verb 'can' is used to express possibility or ability. It is followed by the base form of the verb (in this case, 'cite').
中文: 情态助动词「can」用于表示可能性或能力。其后必须接动词原形(在此句中为「cite」)。
You can use this software to edit your photos.
你可以使用这个软件来编辑你的照片。
EN: The past participle 'trusted' is used as an adjective to modify the noun 'report'. It describes the noun as having received the action of being trusted.
中文: 过去分词「trusted」在此处用作形容词,用来修饰名词「report」,表示该名词是被信赖的(具有被动或已完成的状态)。
He is a trusted advisor to the president.
他是总统一位值得信赖的顾问。
EN: In academic and professional English writing, citing sources is a crucial practice to build credibility. Using phrases like 'For example' followed by concrete evidence (like a 'trusted report') is a standard way to strengthen an argument.
中文: 在學術與專業英文寫作中,引用來源是建立公信力的關鍵做法。使用「For example」等片語,後接具體證據(如「trusted report」),是強化論點的標準寫作模式。
EN: An imperative sentence is used to give commands, advice, or instructions. It starts with the base form of the verb (here, 'avoid') and the subject 'you' is understood but omitted.
中文: 祈使句用于给予命令、建议或指示。它以动词原形(此处为 'avoid')开头,主语 'you'(你/你们)被省略。
Always check the facts before sharing.
分享前务必核对事实。
EN: The clause 'you cannot prove' is a relative clause (adjective clause) modifying the noun 'claims'. The relative pronoun 'that' or 'which' is omitted because it functions as the direct object of the verb 'prove'.
中文: 从句 'you cannot prove' 是修饰名词 'claims' 的关系从句(形容词从句)。关系代词 'that' 或 'which' 被省略,因为它在从句中担任动词 'prove' 的直接宾语。
Do not make promises you cannot keep.
不要许下你无法兑现的承诺。
EN: The sentence starts with the transition phrase 'In addition', which is used to introduce extra information or support a previous point. It is followed by a comma.
中文: 本句以转折短语「In addition」(此外)开头,用于引入额外信息或支持前述观点。其后通常会加上逗号。
In addition, we need to consider the budget.
此外,我们需要考虑预算。
EN: The main clause uses an imperative sentence structure starting with the base verb 'explain'. Imperative sentences are used to give instructions, advice, or commands, and the subject 'you' is implied.
中文: 主句采用祈使句结构,以动词原形「explain」(解释)开头。祈使句用于给予指示、建议或命令,省略了主语「you」(你/你们)。
Please write your name on the paper.
请在纸上写下你的名字。
EN: The conjunctive adverb 'Therefore' is used to introduce a logical result or consequence of a previously stated fact. It is often placed at the beginning of a sentence, followed by a comma, to transition smoothly between ideas.
中文: 连接副词「Therefore」(因此)用于引出前述事实的逻辑结果或后果。它通常放在句首,后接逗号,以便在想法之间进行平稳的过渡。
She studied hard; therefore, she passed the exam with honors.
她努力学习;因此,她以优异的成绩通过了考试。
EN: The prepositional phrase 'with ease' functions as an adverbial phrase meaning 'easily' or 'without difficulty'. It describes the manner in which the action of the verb is performed.
中文: 介词短语「with ease」作为副词短语使用,意思是「轻松地」或「毫无困难地」。它用来描述动词动作进行的方式。
He solved the complex puzzle with ease.
他轻松地解决了这个复杂的谜题。
EN: The transitional phrase 'on the other hand' is used to introduce a contrasting point or perspective. It is typically placed at the beginning of a sentence and followed by a comma.
中文: 过渡短语「on the other hand」(另一方面)用于引入对比的观点或角度。它通常放在句首,后面接逗号。
The hotel is expensive; on the other hand, the service is excellent.
这家饭店很贵;但另一方面,他们的服务非常好。
EN: The word 'confuse' is used here as an intransitive verb meaning 'to cause misunderstanding or uncertainty'. While often transitive (requiring an object), it can function intransitively to describe the general effect of something.
中文: 动词「confuse」在此处用作不及物动词,意思是「令人困惑」或「造成误解」。虽然它通常是及物动词(需要接宾语),但也可以用作不及物动词,用来描述某事物的普遍影响。
Too many rules only confuse.
太多的规则只会令人困惑。
EN: The phrase 'As a result' is a transitional adverbial phrase used to introduce a logical consequence or outcome of a previously mentioned fact or situation.
中文: 「As a result」是一个过渡性的副词短语,用于引出前面所提事实或情况的逻辑结果或影响,意为「因此」或「结果」。
He studied hard. As a result, he passed the exam.
他努力学习。因此,他通过了考试。
EN: The verb 'work' is used here as an intransitive verb meaning 'to be effective' or 'to produce the desired result'.
中文: 动词「work」在此处用作不及物动词,意思是「起作用」、「行得通」或「产生预期的效果」。
This simple method works well for beginners.
这个简单的方法对初学者来说效果很好。
EN: In English writing, especially in professional, academic, or journalistic contexts, there is a strong cultural preference for clarity and conciseness. The phrase 'short, clear sentences work best' reflects the stylistic value placed on direct communication, avoiding overly complex structures that might obscure the message.
中文: 在英文寫作中(特別是專業、學術或新聞領域),非常強調「清晰與簡潔」的文化。這句「short, clear sentences work best」反映了西方寫作風格中對於直接溝通的重視,避免使用過於複雜、可能模糊焦點的句型結構。
EN: The transition word 'Furthermore' is a conjunctive adverb used to introduce an additional point or support that strengthens the previous argument. It is typically followed by a comma when starting a sentence.
中文: 转折词「Furthermore」(此外)是一个连接副词,用于引入额外的论点或支持,以加强前述的论述。当它放在句首时,通常后面会加上逗号。
Furthermore, the study shows that regular exercise improves mental clarity.
此外,研究显示规律运动能提升思绪清晰度。
EN: The causative verb 'make' is used here in the pattern 'make + object + adjective' (makes ideas real), which means to cause the object to enter a certain state or condition.
中文: 使役动词「make」在此处用于「make + 宾语 + 形容词」(makes ideas real)的句型,意思是使该宾语进入某种状态或情况。
Her encouraging words made me confident.
她鼓励的话语让我变得有信心。
EN: In English academic and persuasive writing, using transition words like 'Furthermore' is highly valued to create logical flow. Additionally, the concept of making ideas 'real' through concrete examples reflects the Western rhetorical preference for 'showing, not telling'—using specific evidence rather than abstract assertions.
中文: 在英文學術與說服性寫作中,非常重視使用如「Furthermore」這類的轉折詞來建立邏輯流暢度。此外,透過具體例證讓想法變得「真實」(real),反映了西方修辭學中「用展現代替空談」(show, don't tell)的偏好,即傾向使用具體證據而非抽象陳述。
EN: The transition phrase 'In contrast' is used as a sentence connector (conjunctive adverb) to introduce a statement that is very different from the previous one. It is typically followed by a comma.
中文: 过渡短语「In contrast」(相反地)用作句子连接词(连接副词),用来引出与前述内容截然不同的陈述。其后通常会加上逗号。
In contrast, the second proposal is much more cost-effective.
相反地,第二个提案的成本效益要高得多。
EN: The simple present tense is used here to state a general truth or fact. The plural subject 'vague terms' agrees with the base form of the verb 'weaken'.
中文: 此处使用一般现在时来陈述一个普遍的事实或真理。复数主语「vague terms」(模糊的字眼)与动词原形「weaken」(削弱)达成主谓一致性。
Clear explanations strengthen your arguments.
清晰的解释能强化你的论点。
EN: In English academic and professional writing, clarity and directness are highly valued. Writers are often encouraged to avoid 'vague terms' (such as 'things', 'stuff', or overly general adjectives) and instead use precise nouns and strong verbs to make their arguments more persuasive.
中文: 在英文的學術與專業寫作中,非常重視「清晰度」與「直接性」。通常會鼓勵寫作者避免使用「vague terms」(模糊的字眼,例如 things、stuff 或過於籠統的形容詞),而是使用精確的名詞和強而有力的動詞,以使論點更具說服力。
EN: Imperative sentences are used to give orders, advice, or instructions. They begin directly with the base form of the verb (bare infinitive), and the subject 'you' is understood but omitted.
中文: 祈使句用于给予命令、建议或指示。它们直接以动词原形开头,主语「you(你/你们)」被省略。
Start your presentation with a warm greeting.
以亲切的问候开始你的简报。
EN: The preposition 'with' is used here to introduce the instrument, means, or manner by which an action is performed.
中文: 介词「with」在此处用于引介执行动作所使用的工具、手段或方式(意为「以……」、「用……」)。
Open the box with this key.
用这把钥匙打开盒子。
EN: The transition phrase 'In short' is used to summarize a previous discussion or state a main point briefly and directly.
中文: 过渡短语「In short」(简而言之)用于总结先前的讨论,或简明扼要地直接阐述核心观点。
In short, we must change our plan immediately.
简而言之,我们必须立即更改我们的计划。
EN: The verb 'help' can be followed by an object and a bare infinitive (verb without 'to'). In the pattern 'help + object + verb', 'to' is optional.
中文: 动词「help」(帮助)后面可以接宾语(受词)和不带 to 的不定式(原形动词)。在「help + 宾语 + 动词」的结构中,「to」通常可以省略。
This map will help you find the museum.
这张地图会帮助你找到博物馆。
EN: This sentence reflects a core value in Western academic and professional communication: clarity and conciseness are prioritized over complex, flowery language. Effective communication is seen as a tool to make a meaningful impact on the world.
中文: 這句話反映了西方學術與職場溝通的核心價值:清晰與簡潔的表達重於複雜華麗的詞藻。有效的溝通被視為對世界產生實質影響力的重要工具。
EN: Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It takes a singular verb.
中文: 动名词作主语:动名词(动词 + -ing)可以当作名词使用,并在句子中担任主语。后面须接单数动词。
Learning a new language opens up many opportunities.
学习一门新语言会开启许多机会。
EN: The adjective 'worth' is followed directly by a gerund (V-ing) to indicate that something is deserving of an action.
中文: 形容词 'worth'(值得的)后面直接接动名词(V-ing),用来表示某事值得进行该动作。
This classic movie is worth watching again.
这部经典电影值得再看一次。
EN: Imperative sentences are used to give orders, advice, or instructions. They start with the base form of the verb (here, 'pick') and the subject 'you' is omitted because it is understood.
中文: 祈使句用于给予命令、建议或指示。它们以动词原形(此处为 'pick')开头,并且省略了主语 'you',因为主语是显而易见的。
First, write down your ideas on a piece of paper.
首先,在一张纸上写下你的想法。
EN: A relative clause (adjective clause) is used to describe a noun. Here, 'that you genuinely care about' is a defining relative clause modifying the noun 'topic'. The relative pronoun 'that' acts as the object of the preposition 'about'.
中文: 关系从句(形容词从句)用于修饰名词。在这里,'that you genuinely care about' 是一个限定性关系从句,修饰名词 'topic'。关系代词 'that' 在从句中担任介词 'about' 的宾语。
Find a job that you truly enjoy.
寻找一份你真正享受的工作。
EN: This sentence is a imperative sentence, which is used to give commands, instructions, or advice. In imperative sentences, the subject 'you' is omitted, and the sentence begins directly with the base form of the verb (in this case, 'gather').
中文: 此句子为祈使句(Imperative Sentence),用于给予命令、指示或建议。在祈使句中,主语「you」(你/你们)会被省略,句子直接以动词原形(此处为「gather」)开头。
Listen carefully to the instructions.
仔细听好这些指示。
EN: The phrase 'sources you can fully trust' contains a defining relative clause (adjective clause) modifying the noun 'sources'. The relative pronoun 'that' or 'which' acting as the object of the verb 'trust' has been omitted, which is common in informal and spoken English.
中文: 短语「sources you can fully trust」包含一个限定修饰名词「sources」的关系从句(形容词从句)。在此处,作为动词「trust」宾语的关系代词「that」或「which」被省略了,这在口语和非正式英语中非常常见。
He lost the book you lent him yesterday.
他弄丢了你昨天借给他的那本书。
EN: The modal verb 'can' is used here to express possibility or capability. It is followed by the base form of the verb ('give'). In academic or formal writing, 'can' helps soften claims, making them sound more objective rather than absolute.
中文: 情态助动词「can」(能够/可以)在此处用于表示可能性或能力,后面接动词原形(give)。在学术或正式写作中,使用「can」有助于缓和语气,使论点听起来更客观,而非过于绝对。
A good dictionary can help you learn new words faster.
一本好的字典能帮助你更快地学习新单词。
EN: The verb 'give' can take a double object structure: 'give + indirect object (someone) + direct object (something)'. In this sentence, 'you' is the indirect object and 'solid evidence' is the direct object.
中文: 动词「give」(给予)可以使用双宾语结构,即「give + 间接宾语(某人)+ 直接宾语(某物)」。在本句中,「you」是间接宾语,「solid evidence」是直接宾语。
The teacher gave us some useful advice.
老师给了我们一些实用的建议。
EN: In English academic and professional writing, using collocations like 'solid evidence' or 'careful report' is highly valued. It demonstrates precision and critical thinking. Additionally, starting sentences with transition words like 'For example' helps guide the reader smoothly through the logical flow of an argument.
中文: 在英文學術與專業寫作中,使用如「solid evidence」(可靠的證據)或「careful report」(詳盡的報告)這類的固定搭配詞非常受到重視,這能展現出論述的精準度與批判性思維。此外,使用「For example」等過渡詞開頭,有助於引導讀者順暢地理解論點的邏輯流程。
EN: The modal verb 'must' is used to express strong obligation or necessity. It is followed by the base form of the verb (in this case, 'explain').
中文: 情态助动词「must」用于表示强烈的义务或必要性(必须)。其后接动词原形(在此句中为「explain」)。
You must submit the report by Friday.
你必须在周五前提交报告。
EN: The prepositional phrase 'in plain language' uses the preposition 'in' to express the medium, style, or manner of communication.
中文: 介词短语「in plain language」使用介词「in」来表示沟通的媒介、风格或方式(以……语言/方式)。
Please write the instructions in simple English.
请用简单的英文写这份说明。
EN: In professional and academic writing, the 'Plain Language' movement advocates for clear, concise communication that avoids jargon, making information accessible to everyone. This sentence reflects that modern communication value.
中文: 在專業與學術寫作中,「簡明語言」(Plain Language)運動倡導清晰、簡潔且避免術語的溝通方式,旨在讓所有人都能輕鬆理解資訊。本句正體現了這一現代溝通的核心價值。
EN: The transition phrase 'In addition' is a conjunctive adverb used to introduce extra information or support a previous point. It is typically followed by a comma when starting a sentence.
中文: 过渡短语「In addition」(此外)是一个连接副词,用于引入额外的信息或支持前述观点。当它放在句首时,通常后面会加上逗号。
In addition, we need to consider the budget.
此外,我们需要考虑预算。
EN: The modal verb 'should' is used to express duty, obligation, or a strong recommendation. It is followed by the base form of the verb ('focus').
中文: 情态助动词「should」(应该)用于表达职责、义务或强烈建议。其后须接动词原形(此处为「focus」)。
You should check your work before submitting it.
你应该在提交前检查你的工作。
EN: The transitional phrase 'As a result' is a cohesive device used to introduce a logical consequence or effect of a previously mentioned action.
中文: 过渡短语「As a result」(因此/结果)是一种衔接手段,用于引出前述行为所导致的逻辑结果或影响。
He practiced every day. As a result, his English improved significantly.
他每天练习。因此,他的英文进步神速。
EN: The linking verb 'feel' is followed by past participles functioning as adjectives ('lost', 'confused') to describe the subject's mental or emotional state.
中文: 连系动词「feel」(感觉)后面接过去分词作形容词用(如「lost」与「confused」),用来描述主语的心境或情感状态。
She felt exhausted after the long journey.
在漫长的旅途后,她感到筋疲力尽。
EN: The transition word 'Moreover' is a conjunctive adverb used to introduce a piece of information that supports or adds to what has already been said. It is formal and typically placed at the beginning of a sentence, followed by a comma.
中文: 转折词「Moreover」(此外/而且)是一个连接副词,用于引入支持或补充前文的新信息。它具有正式语气,通常置于句首,后面接逗号。
Moreover, the new policy will create hundreds of jobs.
此外,新政策将创造数百个工作岗位。
EN: The phrasal verb 'turn (something) into (something)' means to transform or change one thing into another. 'Turn' acts as the transitive verb, followed by the direct object, and 'into' is the preposition introducing the resulting state.
中文: 短语动词「turn (something) into (something)」(将某物转化为某物)表示将一事物改变或转化为另一事物。「turn」作为及物动词,后接直接宾语,并由介词「into」引导转化后的状态。
She can turn a simple idea into a successful business.
她能将一个简单的想法转化为成功的事业。
EN: In English writing and rhetoric, 'human stories' or 'humanizing a problem' refers to the technique of using individual, relatable experiences to explain complex or abstract global issues. This makes the content much more empathetic and persuasive to the audience.
中文: 在英文寫作與修辭中,「human stories」(貼近人心的故事)或「humanizing a problem」(將問題人性化)是指利用具體、能引起共鳴的個人經驗,來解釋複雜或抽象的全球性議題。這種做法能讓內容對讀者而言更具同理心與說服力。
EN: The transition phrase 'on the other hand' is used to introduce a contrasting point of view, fact, or argument. It is often paired with 'on the one hand' but can also stand alone to present an alternative perspective.
中文: 过渡短语「on the other hand」(另一方面)用于引入相反的观点、事实或论点。它经常与「on the one hand」(一方面)搭配使用,但也可以单独使用来提出另一种视角。
The hotel is expensive; on the other hand, the service is excellent.
这家饭店很贵;但另一方面,他们的服务非常出色。
EN: The modal verb 'can' is used here to express possibility or potentiality, indicating that too much detail has the potential to obscure the main point.
中文: 情态助动词「can」在此处用于表示可能性或潜在性,指出过多的细节有可能会模糊或掩盖主旨。
Running in the rain can cause you to catch a cold.
在雨中跑步可能会让你感冒。
EN: Imperative sentences are used to give orders, advice, or instructions. They begin directly with the base form of the verb (bare infinitive), omitting the subject 'you'.
中文: 祈使句用于给予命令、建议或指示。它们直接以动词原形开头,省略了主语「you」(你/你们)。
Keep your room clean and tidy.
保持你的房间干净整洁。
EN: The verb 'keep' can function as a causative or linking verb followed by an object and an adjective complement (keep + object + adjective) to describe the state in which the object should be maintained.
中文: 动词「keep」可作为使役或连系动词,后接受词和形容词补语(keep + 受词 + 形容词),用来描述受词应保持的状态。
Please keep the door open.
请保持门开着。
EN: Imperative Sentence: The sentence starts directly with the base form of the verb 'close' to give an instruction, advice, or command. The subject 'you' is implied.
中文: 祈使句:句子直接以动词原形「close」(结束/作结)开头,用于给予指示、建议或命令。省略了主语「you」(你)。
Start your essay with an engaging hook.
用一个引人入胜的引子开始你的文章。
EN: Relative Clause (Adjective Clause): 'that offers real hope' is a defining relative clause modifying the noun 'conclusion'. 'That' acts as the subject relative pronoun within the clause.
中文: 关系从句(形容词从句):「that offers real hope」是一个限定性关系从句,用来修饰名词「conclusion」(结论)。「that」在从句中担任主格关系代词。
She wrote a story that inspires many people.
她写了一个启发许多人的故事。
EN: In English essay writing (especially persuasive or argumentative essays), ending with a 'hopeful conclusion' or a 'call to action' is a highly valued rhetorical strategy. It leaves the reader with a positive, memorable impression rather than just summarizing the facts.
中文: 在英文寫作(特別是說服性或議論性文章)中,以「帶有希望的結論」或「呼籲行動」作結,是一種非常受推崇的修辭策略。這樣能給讀者留下積極且深刻的印象,而不僅僅是流於形式地重述事實。
EN: The verb 'help' can be followed by an object and then either a bare infinitive (verb without 'to') or a full infinitive (with 'to'). In this sentence, 'helps important ideas reach' uses the bare infinitive 'reach'.
中文: 动词「help」(帮助)后面可以接宾语,再接不带 to 的不定式(原形动词)或带 to 的不定式。在本句中,「helps important ideas reach」使用的是原形动词「reach」。
Regular exercise helps your body stay healthy.
规律运动有助于保持身体健康。
EN: The phrase 'In short' is a transitional adverbial phrase used to summarize a previous statement or argument briefly.
中文: 短语「In short」是一个转折副词短语,用于简要总结前文的陈述或论点,意为「简而言之」或「总之」。
In short, we must find a new solution immediately.
简而言之,我们必须立即找到新的解决方案。
EN: The sentence uses the present simple tense in a question format with the question word 'How' and the auxiliary verb 'do'. In English, information questions (wh-questions) are formed by placing the question word at the beginning, followed by the auxiliary verb (do/does), the subject, and the base form of the main verb.
中文: 本句使用一般现在时的疑问句结构,结合疑问词「How」(如何)与助动词「do」。在英文中,信息疑问句(Wh- 疑问句)的形成方式是将疑问词置于句首,后接助动词(do/does)、主语及主要动词的原形。
How do you solve this math problem?
你如何解决这道数学题?
EN: The comma before 'Emma' is used for direct address. In English, when you address a person directly by name within a sentence, you must set off the name with a comma (or commas if it is in the middle of the sentence) to clarify that you are speaking to them.
中文: 在「艾玛」(Emma)之前的逗号用于「直接称呼」。在英文中,当你在句子中直接称呼某人的名字时,必须使用逗号将名字隔开(如果名字在句中,则前后都要加逗号),以明确表示你正在对他们说话。
Where are you going, John?
约翰,你要去哪里?
EN: In English-speaking academic and casual settings, addressing someone directly by their first name (like 'Emma') is very common and friendly, even when asking for advice or academic guidance. It establishes a collaborative and egalitarian tone.
中文: 在英語系的學術或日常環境中,直接稱呼對方的名字(如「艾瑪」)是非常普遍且友善的,即使是在尋求建議或學術指導時也是如此。這能營造出一種合作且平等的對話氛圍。
EN: The use of 'First' as a transition word (adverbial) to sequence ideas. It is typically followed by a comma when starting a sentence.
中文: 使用「First」作为转折词(副词)来排列想法的顺序。当它放在句首时,通常后面会加上逗号。
First, we need to gather all the necessary data.
首先,我们需要收集所有必要的数据。
EN: The use of a defining relative clause (adjective clause) introduced by the relative pronoun 'that' to modify the noun 'topic'. 'That matters' functions as an adjective describing the topic.
中文: 使用由关系代词「that」引导的限定性关系从句(形容词从句)来修饰名词「topic」(主题)。「that matters」在此作为形容词,用来描述该主题是重要的。
She wants to do work that makes a difference.
她想做有影响力的工作。
EN: In academic and professional English writing, starting with a clear, logical sequence (using signposts like 'First', 'Then', 'Finally') is highly valued as it helps the reader follow the writer's train of thought easily.
中文: 在學術與專業英文寫作中,以清晰且具邏輯性的順序開始(使用如「First」、「Then」、「Finally」等指引詞)非常受到重視,因為這能幫助讀者輕鬆跟隨作者的思考脈絡。
EN: The adverb 'then' is used as a transition word at the beginning of a sentence to indicate sequence or the next step in a process.
中文: 副词「then」在句首用作转折词,用来表示顺序或流程中的下一个步骤。
Then, we analyze the results of the survey.
然后,我们分析调查的结果。
EN: The past participle 'trusted' is used as an adjective modifying the noun 'sources', meaning 'regarded as reliable or honest'.
中文: 过去分词「trusted」在此用作形容词,修饰名词「sources」,意思是「被视为可靠或诚实的(值得信任的)」。
She is a trusted advisor to the president.
她是总统信任的顾问。
EN: The transitional phrase 'For example' is used as a sentence connector (or transition word) to introduce an instance that illustrates a previous statement. It is typically placed at the beginning of a sentence and followed by a comma.
中文: 过渡性短语「For example」(例如)用作句子连接词,用来引出说明前述内容的具体实例。它通常放在句首,后面接逗号。
For example, she loves reading historical novels.
例如,她喜欢阅读历史小说。
EN: The Simple Present Tense is used here to describe a habitual action, a regular procedure, or a general truth in writing. The subject 'I' takes the base form of the verb 'cite'.
中文: 此处使用一般现在时(Simple Present Tense)来描述习惯性动作、常规步骤或写作中的普遍事实。主语「I」后面接动词原形「cite」。
I write a summary after reading each chapter.
我读完每个章节后都会写一份摘要。
EN: In English academic and professional writing, backing up claims with 'careful reports' or credible sources is highly valued. Using phrases like 'For example' to introduce evidence is a standard rhetorical strategy to build trust and authority with the reader.
中文: 在英文學術與專業寫作中,用「嚴謹的報告」或可信的來源來支持論點是非常受到重視的。使用「For example」(例如)等片語來引出證據,是與讀者建立信任和權威性的標準修辭策略。
EN: The verb 'avoid' is a transitive verb that must be followed by a gerund (V-ing) or a noun phrase as its direct object. It cannot be followed by an infinitive (to + verb).
中文: 动词「avoid」(避免)是及物动词,后面必须接动名词(V-ing)或名词短语作为直接宾语,不能接不定式(to + 动词)。
She avoids traveling during the peak season.
她避免在旺季期间旅游。
EN: The relative clause 'that confuse readers' is an adjective clause modifying the noun 'words'. 'That' acts as the subject relative pronoun, and because 'words' is plural, the verb 'confuse' is in its plural form.
中文: 关系从句「that confuse readers」是形容词从句,用来修饰名词「words」(词汇)。「that」在此作为主格关系代词,因为先行词「words」是复数,所以动词使用复数形「confuse」。
EN: The transition phrase 'In addition' is used as a sentence connector to add information or support a previous point. It is usually followed by a comma.
中文: 过渡短语「In addition」(此外)用作句子连接词,用来增加信息或支持前述观点。其后通常会加上逗号。
In addition, we need to consider the budget.
此外,我们需要考虑预算。
EN: The verb 'keep' can be followed by an object and an adjective (object complement) to describe the state in which the object is maintained. Here, 'focused' is a past participle acting as an adjective.
中文: 动词「keep」后面可接受词和形容词(受词补语),用来描述受词被保持的状态。在此处,「focused」是过去分词作形容词使用,表示「专注的、有焦点的」。
Please keep the door open.
请保持门开着。
EN: The transition phrase 'As a result' is used as a linking adverbial to introduce a logical consequence or effect of a previously mentioned action or situation.
中文: 过渡短语「As a result」(因此/结果)用作连接副词,用来引出前面所提行动或情况的逻辑结果或影响。
She studied hard. As a result, she passed the exam.
她努力学习。因此,她通过了考试。
EN: The structure 'subject + be + adjective + to-infinitive' (easy to follow) uses an active infinitive ('to follow') with a passive meaning, where the subject ('my ideas') is the logical object of the infinitive verb.
中文: 结构「主语 + be 动词 + 形容词 + 不定式」(easy to follow)中,使用主动形式的不定式(to follow)来表达被动意义,此时主语(my ideas)是该不定式动词的逻辑宾语。
The instructions are difficult to understand.
这些说明很难理解。
EN: The use of the transition adverb 'Finally' at the beginning of a sentence. Transition words (轉折詞/過渡詞) help organize the flow of ideas, indicating the last item in a sequence or the final step of a process.
中文: 副词「Finally」(最后)作为转折词的用法。转折词(过渡词)有助于组织思维流程,表示序列中的最后一项或流程的最后一步,通常置于句首并用逗号隔开。
Finally, we reached the top of the mountain.
最后,我们到达了山顶。
EN: The phrasal verb 'end with' means to finish or conclude an activity or speech with a specific element. It is followed by a noun phrase acting as the object of the preposition 'with'.
中文: 短语动词「end with」表示以特定的元素结束或完成某项活动或演说。其后接名词短语,作为介词「with」的宾语。
The concert will end with a beautiful song.
音乐会将以一首优美的歌曲作结。
EN: In English academic and professional writing, ending on a positive or 'hopeful' note is a common rhetorical strategy. It leaves the reader or audience with a sense of forward-looking optimism, which is often more persuasive than ending with a warning or negative outlook.
中文: 在英文學術與職場寫作中,以積極或「充滿希望」的基調作結是一種常見的修辭策略。這能給讀者或聽眾留下前瞻性的樂觀態度,通常比以警告或消極觀點結束更具說服力。
EN: The transition phrase 'In short' is used as a sentence adverbial (or linking adverb) to summarize a previous point or introduce a concise conclusion.
中文: 过渡短语「In short」(简而言之)用作句子修饰语(或连接副词),用于总结前述观点或引出简明扼要的结论。
In short, we must change our plan.
简而言之,我们必须改变计划。
EN: The simple present tense is used here to state a general truth or timeless fact. The subject 'clear writing' is singular, so the verb 'shares' takes the third-person singular '-s' ending.
中文: 此处使用一般现在时来陈述一个普遍真理或不变的事实。主语「clear writing」(清晰的写作)为单数,因此动词「shares」加上了第三人称单数的词尾「-s」。
Practice makes perfect.
熟能生巧。
EN: In English academic and professional writing, clarity and conciseness are highly valued. The phrase 'clear writing shares clear thinking' reflects a common philosophical stance among educators that writing is not just a way to record thoughts, but a direct reflection of the clarity of one's mind.
中文: 在英文學術與職場寫作中,非常強調「清晰」與「簡潔」。片語「clear writing shares clear thinking」反映了教育界的一種普遍觀點:寫作不僅僅是記錄想法的工具,更是個人思維清晰度的直接體現。
EN: The adverb 'therefore' is used as a transition word meaning 'as a result' or 'for that reason'. When placed in the middle of a sentence (parenthetical position), it is set off by commas on both sides to create a pause and add emphasis to the preceding subject.
中文: 副词「therefore」(因此)用作过渡词,表示「结果」或「出于该原因」。当它置于句子中间(插入语位置)时,前后需加上逗号,以产生停顿并加强对前面主语的语气。
The weather, therefore, was not a factor in our decision.
因此,天气并非影响我们决定的因素。
EN: The modal verb 'can' is used here to express ability or potential. It is followed by the base form of the verb 'change'. The phrase 'change minds' is a common idiomatic expression meaning to convince someone to adopt a different opinion or belief.
中文: 情态助动词「can」在此处用于表示能力或可能性,后接动词原形「change」。短语「change minds」是一个常见的习惯用语,意思是说服某人改变想法或信念。
A good speech can change minds and inspire action.
一场好的演讲能够改变人们的想法并激发行动。
EN: In English writing, placing transition words like 'therefore' or 'however' in the middle of a sentence (as a parenthetical element) rather than at the beginning is a common stylistic choice. It makes the writing sound more sophisticated, academic, and smooth, as it avoids starting every sentence with a heavy conjunction.
中文: 在英文寫作中,將「therefore」或「however」等過渡詞放在句子中間(作為插入語)而不是句首,是一種非常常見的修辭選擇。這樣做可以避免每個句子都以沉重的連接詞開頭,使文章聽起來更典雅、更具學術感且更流暢。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中: 引用、引述(作为支持论点的证据)
在本文中: 含糊的、不清楚的
在本文中: 真诚地、真正地
在本文中: 证据、证明
在本文中: 段落
在本文中: 使困惑、使混淆
在本文中: 全球的、全世界的
在本文中: 直接的、直截了当的
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
used to introduce a contrasting point of view or fact
另一方面
because of something that has happened; consequently
结果、因此
expressed in a few words; briefly
简而言之、总而言之
a problem or matter of intense interest that affects the entire world
全球性议题