EN： The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a relative clause (adjective clause) that describes a person. In this sentence, 'who won the speech contest' modifies the noun 'the girl'. 'Who' acts as the subject of the relative clause.
中文： 关系代词“who”用于引导修饰人的关系从句（形容词从句）。在本句中，“who won the speech contest”修饰名词“the girl”（女孩）。“who”在关系从句中充当主语的角色。
I know the boy who plays the piano very well.
我认识那位钢琴弹得很好的男孩。
EN： The simple past tense (won) is used here within the relative clause to describe an action that was completed in the past.
中文： 在关系从句中使用简单过去式（won），用来描述过去已经完成的动作或事件。
She married the man who saved her life.
她嫁给了那位救了她一命的男人。
EN： Subject Relative Clause: The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a relative clause that describes a person (the student). In this clause, 'who' acts as the subject of the verb 'sits'.
中文： 主语关系代词：关系代词“who”用于引导修饰人（the student）的关系从句。在此从句中，“who”充当动词“sits”的主语。
The teacher who lives next door is very friendly.
住在隔壁的那位老师非常友善。
EN： Preposition of Place 'beside': 'Beside' is a preposition meaning 'at the side of' or 'next to'. It is used to indicate physical proximity.
中文： 地方介词“beside”：“beside”是介词，意为“在…旁边”或“紧邻”。用于表示物理位置上的接近。
Please sit beside me during the movie.
看电影时请坐在我旁边。
EN： The relative pronoun 'which' is used to introduce an adjective clause (relative clause) that describes a non-human noun (the club). In this sentence, 'which' acts as the subject of the relative clause 'which meets every Friday'.
中文： 关系代词「which」用于引导定语从句（关系从句），用来修饰非人的名词（the club）。在此句子中，「which」在定语从句「which meets every Friday」中担任主语的角色。
I bought a book which explains the history of art.
我买了一本解释艺术史的书。
EN： The simple present tense is used here to describe a regular schedule or habit. The verb 'meets' is in the singular form because the subject 'which' refers to the singular noun 'the club'.
中文： 这里使用一般现在时来描述规律的日程或习惯。动词「meets」使用单数形式，因为其主语「which」代表的是单数名词「the club」。
The train leaves every morning at six.
这班火车每天早上六点出发。
EN： The relative pronoun 'which' is used to introduce an adjective clause (relative clause) that describes a non-human noun (in this case, 'the bag'). Since 'which' acts as the object of the verb 'lost' in the relative clause, it can optionally be omitted in informal English.
中文： 关系代词“which”用于引导形容词从句（关系从句），用来修饰非人的名词（在此句中为“the bag”）。由于“which”在关系从句中充当动词“lost”的宾语，在非正式英语中可以省略。
This is the book which I bought yesterday.
这是我昨天买的那本书。
EN： The simple past tense (e.g., 'lost') is used to describe an action that was completed at a specific time in the past, often accompanied by a past time expression like 'last week'.
中文： 简单过去式（例如“lost”）用于描述在过去特定时间已完成的动作，通常伴随过去的时间副词，如“last week”（上周）。
They visited their grandparents last week.
他们上周拜访了他们的祖父母。
EN： The relative pronoun 'that' introduces a defining relative clause ('that I lost') which modifies the noun 'the bag'. In this clause, 'that' acts as the direct object of the verb 'lost'. When the relative pronoun is the object of the relative clause, it can optionally be omitted in informal English (e.g., 'the bag I lost').
中文： 关系代词「that」引导限定性定语从句（that I lost），用来修饰先行词「the bag」（包包）。在此从句中，「that」担任动词「lost」的直接宾语。当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，在口语或非正式英语中通常可以省略（例如：the bag I lost）。
The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.
我从图书馆借的那本书非常有趣。
EN： The subject of the main clause is 'the bag' (singular), which is modified by the relative clause 'that I lost'. Therefore, the main verb must agree with the singular subject, using 'is' instead of 'are'. Make sure not to get confused by the pronoun 'I' right before the verb.
中文： 主句的主语是单数的「the bag」（包包），中间插入了定语从句「that I lost」进行修饰。因此，主句的主要动词必须与单数主语保持一致，使用「is」而非「are」。注意不要被紧邻动词前面的代词「I」所干扰。
The coffee that you made is cold.
你泡的那杯咖啡已经凉了。
EN： Subject Relative Clause: The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a relative clause that describes a person (the subject of the clause). In this sentence, 'who helped us' describes 'The boy'.
中文： 主语关系从句：关系代词“who”用来引导修饰人（作为该从句主语）的关系从句。在此句子中，“who helped us”修饰先行词“The boy”（男孩）。
The girl who won the race is my sister.
赢得比赛的那个女孩是我妹妹。
EN： Subject-Verb Agreement with Relative Clauses: When a relative clause modifies a singular subject ('The boy'), the main verb of the sentence must also agree with that singular subject ('is').
中文： 关系从句的主语与动词一致：当关系从句修饰单数主语（The boy）时，句子的主要动词也必须与单数主语一致（使用 is）。
The book which is on the table belongs to me.
桌上的那本书是我的。
EN： The relative pronoun 'that' is used here as a subject relative pronoun to introduce an adjective clause ('that changed my mind') modifying the noun 'book'. It connects two ideas: 'I read a book' and 'The book changed my mind'.
中文： 关系代词“that”在此处作为主语关系代词，用来引导形容词从句（关系从句）“that changed my mind”以修饰先行词（名词）“book”。它连接了两个概念：“我读了一本书”和“这本书改变了我的想法”。
She bought a computer that works very fast.
她买了一台运行速度非常快的电脑。
EN： The idiom 'change one's mind' means to adopt a different opinion or decision. The verb 'change' is in the past tense ('changed') to match the past tense verb 'read' /rɛd/ in the main clause.
中文： 短语“change one's mind”意为“改变某人的想法或决定”。动词“change”在此使用过去式（changed），以配合主句中同样为过去式的动词“read”（读音为 /rɛd/）。
EN： The relative pronoun 'who' is used as a subject relative pronoun to introduce an adjective clause (relative clause) that modifies a person (in this case, 'the teacher'). Since 'who' acts as the subject of the relative clause, it is immediately followed by the verb 'teaches'.
中文： 关系代词「who」用作主语关系代词，引导一个定语从句（关系从句）来修饰表示人的先行词（在此句中为「the teacher」）。因为「who」在定语从句中担任主语，所以其后紧接动词「teaches」。
I met a doctor who lives in New York.
我认识了一位住在纽约的医生。
EN： The verb 'teach' is a ditransitive verb, which means it can take two objects: an indirect object (the person receiving the action, 'us') and a direct object (the thing being taught, 'science').
中文： 动词「teach」（教导）是一个双宾动词（授与动词），这意味着它可以接两个宾语：间接宾语（接受动作的人，即「us」）和直接宾语（被教导的事物，即「science」）。
Mr. Green teaches them English.
格林先生教他们英语。
EN： The relative pronoun 'that' is used here as a subject relative pronoun to introduce an adjective clause ('that takes great photos') modifying the noun 'the phone'. Since 'the phone' is singular, the verb in the relative clause 'takes' must also be singular.
中文： 关系代词“that”在此处作为主语关系代词，用来引导形容词从句（关系从句）“that takes great photos”以修饰先行词“the phone”（手机）。因为先行词为单数，所以关系从句中的动词“takes”也必须使用单数形式。
This is the book that inspires me the most.
这就是那本最启发我的书。
EN： The verb 'take' is collocated with 'photos' to mean capturing images. The adjective 'great' is used to describe the high quality of the photos.
中文： 动词「take」与「photos」搭配，表示「拍照、摄影」。形容词「great」在此处用来形容照片的质量非常好。
EN： The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a relative clause (adjective clause) that describes a person. In this sentence, 'who speaks five languages' modifies the noun 'a man'. Since 'who' acts as the subject of the relative clause, it is followed directly by the verb 'speaks'.
中文： 关系代词“who”用于引导修饰“人”的关系从句（形容词从句）。在本句中，“who speaks five languages”修饰名词“a man”。由于“who”在关系从句中充当主语，因此其后直接接动词“speaks”。
I know a girl who plays the piano beautifully.
我认识一个钢琴弹得很棒的女孩。
EN： Subject-Verb Agreement in Relative Clauses: When a relative pronoun (who/which/that) is the subject of a relative clause, the verb must agree in number with its antecedent (the noun being modified). Here, 'who' refers to 'a man' (singular), so the verb 'speaks' takes the singular ending '-s'.
中文： 关系从句中的主语一致：当关系代词（who/which/that）在关系从句中作主语时，动词的单复数必须与先行词（被修饰的名词）一致。在此处，“who”指的是单数的“a man”，因此动词“speaks”要使用单数形式（加 -s）。
They are the students who study hard every day.
他们是每天努力读书的学生。
EN： The relative pronoun 'which' is used to introduce a relative clause (adjective clause) that describes a non-human noun (the movie). In this sentence, 'which' acts as the object of the verb 'saw' in the relative clause 'which we saw'. Because it is an object relative pronoun, it can optionally be omitted in informal English.
中文： 关系代词“which”用于引导关系从句（如形容词从句），用来修饰非人的名词（the movie）。在本句中，“which”在关系从句“which we saw”中充当动词“saw”的宾语。因为它是宾语关系代词，在非正式英语中可以省略。
The book which you lent me was very interesting.
你借我的那本书非常有趣。
EN： The past simple tense of the verb 'to be' (was) is used here because the main action and the state of being (the movie being amazing) occurred in the past. The subject of 'was' is the singular noun 'The movie'.
中文： 此处使用 be 动词的过去式“was”，因为主要动作与状态（电影很棒）都发生在过去。动词“was”的主语是单数名词“The movie”。
The weather yesterday was beautiful.
昨天的天气非常好。
EN： The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a defining relative clause ('who work hard') that modifies the subject noun 'People'. In this clause, 'who' acts as the subject of the verb 'work'.
中文： 关系代词“who”用于引导限定性关系从句（“who work hard”），用来修饰主语名词“People”（人们）。在此从句中，“who”充当动词“work”的主语。
Students who study daily get better grades.
每天读书的学生会取得更好的成绩。
EN： Adverbs of frequency like 'usually' are typically placed before the main verb (in this case, 'succeed') but after the auxiliary verb or 'be' verb.
中文： 频率副词（如“usually”）通常放在一般动词（在此为“succeed”）之前，但放在助动词或 be 动词之后。
He usually drinks coffee in the morning.
他通常在早上喝咖啡。
EN： This sentence reflects the strong cultural value of 'work ethic' in English-speaking societies, where individual effort and hard work are traditionally seen as the primary drivers of personal success.
中文： 這句話反映了英語系國家中對於「工作倫理」的強烈文化價值觀，傳統上人們認為個人的努力與辛勤工作是通往成功的主要驅動力。
EN： The relative pronoun 'that' is used to introduce an adjective clause (relative clause) modifying the noun 'clubs'. In this sentence, 'that' acts as the object of the verb 'join' in the relative clause. When the relative pronoun serves as an object, it can optionally be omitted in informal English.
中文： 关系代词「that」用于引导定语从句（关系从句），用来修饰先行词（名词）「clubs」（社团）。在此句子中，「that」在定语从句中担任动词「join」的宾语。当关系代词担任宾语时，在非正式英语中通常可以省略。
This is the book that I bought yesterday.
这是我昨天买的那本书。
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used to express ability or possibility. It is followed by the base form of the verb (in this case, 'join').
中文： 情态动词「can」用来表示能力或可能性。其后必须接动词原形（在此处为「join」）。
She can speak three languages fluently.
她能流利地说三种语言。
EN： In many English-speaking countries, extracurricular activities and school clubs (such as sports, music, drama, and debate) play a crucial role in student life and college admissions, encouraging students to explore diverse interests outside the classroom.
中文： 在許多英語系國家中，課外活動與學校社團（如體育、音樂、戲劇和辯論）在學生生活與大學申請中扮演著至關重要的角色，鼓勵學生在課堂之外探索多元的興趣。
EN： Non-defining relative clauses (using ', which') are used to add extra, non-essential information about a noun. The sentence remains grammatically complete even if this clause is removed.
中文： 非限定性关系从句（使用“, which”）用于对先行词（名词）进行补充说明，提供非必要的额外信息。即使将此从句删除，主句的意思依然完整。
He lives in London, which is the capital of the UK.
他住在伦敦，那是英国的首都。
EN： The preposition 'in' is used to indicate membership or participation in a group, club, or organization.
中文： 介词“in”在此处用于表示加入或属于某个团体、社团或组织的成员身份。
She is in the school choir.
她是学校合唱团的成员。
EN： Subject Relative Clause (Adjective Clause): The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a clause that modifies the subject 'The teacher'. In this clause, 'who' acts as the subject of the verb 'leads'.
中文： 主格关系从句（形容词从句）：关系代词“who”用来引导一个修饰主语“The teacher”的从句。在这个从句中，“who”充当动词“leads”的主语。
The student who won the race is my cousin.
赢得比赛的那位学生是我的表弟。
EN： Subject-Verb Agreement with Relative Pronouns: When the relative pronoun 'who' refers to a singular noun ('The teacher'), the verb inside the relative clause must also be singular ('leads').
中文： 关系代词的主谓一致：当关系代词“who”代替单数名词（“The teacher”）时，关系从句中的动词也必须使用单数形式（“leads”）。
The man who lives next door is a doctor.
住在隔壁的那位男子是一位医生。
EN： The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a relative clause (adjective clause) that describes a person or people (in this case, 'students'). 'Who' acts as the subject of the relative clause.
中文： 关系代词“who”用于引导关系从句（形容词从句），用来修饰人（在此指“students”）。“who”在关系从句中充当主语的角色。
I know a teacher who speaks four languages.
我认识一位会说四种语言的老师。
EN： The verb 'help' can be followed directly by an object (noun/pronoun) to indicate who receives the assistance. In this sentence, 'helps' is in the simple present tense, matching the third-person singular subject 'She'.
中文： 动词“help”（帮助）后面可以直接接宾语（名词或代词），表示接受帮助的人。在本句中，“helps”为现在简单式，以配合第三人称单数主语“She”。
He helps his brother with his homework every day.
他每天都帮助他的弟弟做功课。
EN： The relative pronoun 'that' is used here as a subject relative pronoun to introduce an adjective clause ('that show our school spirit') modifying the noun 'posters'. Since 'posters' is plural, the verb 'show' in the relative clause is also in the plural form.
中文： 关系代词“that”在此处用作主语关系代词，引导形容词从句（关系从句）“that show our school spirit”来修饰先行词（名词）“posters”（海报）。由于先行词“posters”是复数，因此关系从句中的动词“show”也使用复数形式。
I bought a book that explains the history of art.
我买了一本解释艺术史的书。
EN： The simple past tense ('made') is used to describe an action that was completed at a specific time in the past ('Last week').
中文： 简单过去式（在此为“made”）用于描述在过去特定时间（如“Last week”上周）已经完成的动作。
Yesterday we visited a museum that has many ancient artifacts.
昨天我们参观了一家拥有许多古代文物的博物馆。
EN： In American and many Western schools, 'school spirit' (enthusiasm and support for one's school) is highly valued. Students often express this through pep rallies, wearing school colors, and making posters for sports events or clubs.
中文： 在美國及許多西方學校中，「school spirit」（學校精神/校風認同感）非常受到重視。學生通常會透過參加誓師大會（pep rallies）、穿著代表學校顏色的衣服，以及為體育賽事或社團製作海報來展現對學校的熱愛與支持。
EN： The relative pronoun 'who' is used as a subject relative pronoun to introduce an adjective clause (relative clause) that modifies a plural human noun ('The students'). The clause 'who painted the best ones' describes which specific students we are talking about.
中文： 关系代词「who」在此作为主语关系代词，用来引导定语从句（关系从句），修饰复数名词「The students」（学生们）。从句「who painted the best ones」限定并说明我们指的是哪些特定的学生。
The people who live next door are very friendly.
住在隔壁的人们非常友善。
EN： The pronoun 'ones' is a substitute pronoun used to avoid repeating a plural countable noun that has already been mentioned or is clear from the context (in this context, 'posters').
中文： 代词「ones」是用来替代前面已提过或上下文语境中明确的复数可数名词（在此情境中指「海报 posters」），以避免重复。
I don't like the blue shoes, but I love the red ones.
我不喜欢那双蓝色的鞋子，但我很喜欢那双红色的。
EN： The relative pronoun 'who' is used as a subject relative pronoun to introduce an adjective clause (relative clause) that modifies a person (in this case, 'a boy'). The clause 'who plays in the music club' describes and provides more information about the boy.
中文： 关系代词「who」用作主语关系代词，用来引导一个定语从句（关系从句）以修饰人（在此句中为「a boy」）。从句「who plays in the music club」用来修饰并提供关于该男孩的更多信息。
I know a girl who speaks three languages.
我认识一个会说三种语言的女孩。
EN： The adverb 'also' is used to add extra information. It typically goes before the main verb (except the verb 'be'). Here, it is placed before the main verb 'know'.
中文： 副词「also」（也）用于添加额外信息。它通常放在一般动词之前（be 动词之后）。在此句中，它被置于主要动词「know」之前。
She also wants to join the art club.
她也想加入美术社团。
EN： Subject Relative Pronoun 'who': Used to introduce a relative clause that describes a person. 'Who' acts as the subject of the relative clause, followed immediately by a verb.
中文： 主语关系代词“who”：用于引导修饰人的关系从句。在此用法中，“who”在关系从句中充当主语的角色，后面直接接动词。
She is the teacher who inspired me to study English.
她就是那位启发我学习英语的老师。
EN： Causative/Resultative Verb 'make' + Object + Bare Infinitive: The verb 'make' can mean 'to cause someone to do something' or 'to bring about a state/action'. When followed by an object and a verb, the verb must be in its base form (bare infinitive).
中文： 使役动词“make”+ 宾语 + 动词原形：动词“make”可表示“使某人做某事”或“导致某种状态/动作”。当后面接宾语和动词时，该动词必须使用原形（不带 to 的不定式）。
The sad movie made everyone cry.
那部悲伤的电影让每个人都哭了。
EN： Subject-Verb Agreement with Relative Pronoun: When the relative pronoun 'that' or 'who' acts as the subject of the relative clause, the verb that follows must agree in number with the antecedent (the noun being described). Here, 'places' is plural, so the relative pronoun 'that' takes the plural verb 'help' (not 'helps').
中文： 关系代词的主语一致：当关系代词（如 that 或 who）在关系从句中充当主语时，其后的动词单复数必须与先行词（被修饰的名词）一致。在此句中，先行词“places”是复数，因此关系代词“that”后面接复数动词“help”（而非 helps）。
Books are tools that open our minds.
书是开启我们心灵的工具。
EN： The verb 'help' can be followed by an object and then either a bare infinitive (verb in base form without 'to') or a full infinitive (with 'to'). In this sentence, 'help us find' uses the bare infinitive 'find', which is very common in modern English.
中文： 动词“help”（帮助）后面接宾语（受词）时，其后的宾语补语可以使用不带 to 的不定式（原形动词）或带 to 的不定式。在本句中，“help us find”使用了原形动词“find”，这在现代英语中非常常见。
She helped me finish my homework.
她帮助我完成了我的作业。
EN： The subject relative clause (adjective clause) introduced by 'who' is used to modify the noun 'person'. In this structure, 'who' acts as the subject of the relative clause, followed immediately by the verb 'organized'.
中文： 由关系代词“who”引导的主语关系从句（形容词从句），用来修饰先行词“person”（人）。在此结构中，“who”在关系从句中充当主语，后面直接接动词“organized”。
The teacher who inspired me has retired.
那位启发我的老师已经退休了。
EN： The demonstrative adjective 'this' is used to point out a specific singular noun ('event') that is close in time or space to the speaker.
中文： 指示形容词“this”（这个）用来指出在时间或空间上距离说话者较近的特定单数名词（“event”）。
I really enjoyed this movie.
我真的很喜欢这部电影。
EN： Non-defining relative clauses (also called non-restrictive relative clauses) are used to add extra, non-essential information about a noun. They are separated from the main clause by commas, and the relative pronoun 'who' is used for people. Unlike defining relative clauses, 'that' cannot be used here.
中文： 非限定性关系从句（又称非限制性关系从句）用于对先行词（名词）补充说明额外、非必要的信息。此从句与主句之间必须用逗号隔开，指代人时使用关系代词“who”，且在此用法中不能用“that”代替。
I called my brother, who lives in New York.
我打给了我哥哥，他住在纽约。
EN： The verb 'teach' is a ditransitive verb, which means it can take two objects: an indirect object (usually a person, 'us') and a direct object (usually a thing, 'English'). The typical pattern is 'teach + indirect object + direct object'.
中文： 动词“teach”（教）是双宾语动词（授与动词），后面可以接两个宾语：间接宾语（通常是指人的“us”）与直接宾语（通常是指物的“English”）。常用句型为“teach + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语”。
Mr. Smith teaches them history.
史密斯先生教他们历史。
EN： In English-speaking academic environments, teachers are typically addressed by their title (Mr., Ms., Mrs., Dr.) followed by their last name (e.g., 'Ms. Chen'). Addressing a teacher simply as 'Teacher' is considered unnatural in English.
中文： 在英語系國家的學校環境中，學生通常會以尊稱（如 Mr.、Ms.、Mrs.、Dr.）加上姓氏來稱呼老師（例如「Ms. Chen」）。在英文中，直接單獨稱呼老師為「Teacher」是不符合語言習慣且不夠自然的。
EN： The relative pronoun 'which' is used to introduce a relative clause (adjective clause) that describes a non-human noun (in this case, 'a wallet'). It acts as the subject of the relative clause.
中文： 关系代词“which”用来引导关系从句（如形容词从句），用以修饰非人的名词（在此句中为“a wallet”）。在此关系从句中，它充当主语的角色。
She bought a book which has many beautiful illustrations.
她买了一本有很多精美插图的书。
EN： The word 'inside' is used here as an adverb meaning 'on the inner part' or 'within'. It modifies the verb phrase 'has no name' to specify the location of the missing name.
中文： “inside”在此处用作副词，意思是“在里面”或“内部”。它修饰动词短语“has no name”，用以明确指出名字缺失的位置。
The box was empty inside.
这个盒子里面是空的。
EN： The relative pronoun 'that' (or 'which') is used to introduce an adjective clause (relative clause) that modifies a noun. In this sentence, 'that Leo lost yesterday' modifies the noun 'the wallet'. Since 'that' serves as the direct object of the verb 'lost' in the relative clause, it can optionally be omitted in informal English.
中文： 关系代词「that」（或「which」）用于引导定语从句（关系从句）来修饰先行词。在本句中，「that Leo lost yesterday」修饰名词「the wallet」（钱包）。由于「that」在定语从句中担任动词「lost」的直接宾语，在非正式英语中可以省略。
Is this the book that you bought last week?
这是你上周买的那本书吗？
EN： The simple past tense is used to describe actions that were completed at a specific time in the past. In this sentence, 'lost' is the past tense of 'lose', and it is paired with the past time adverb 'yesterday'.
中文： 一般过去时用于描述在过去特定时间已经完成的动作。在本句中，「lost」是动词「lose」的过去式，并与过去时间副词「yesterday」（昨天）连用。
They visited the museum yesterday.
他们昨天参观了博物馆。
EN： The relative pronoun 'that' is used here to introduce a defining relative clause ('that I lost') which modifies the subject noun 'the wallet'. In this clause, 'that' acts as the direct object of the verb 'lost'. Because it serves as an object, 'that' can optionally be omitted in informal speech.
中文： 关系代词“that”在此处引导一个限定性关系从句（“that I lost”），用来修饰主语名词“the wallet”（钱包）。在这个从句中，“that”充当动词“lost”的直接宾语。因为它作为宾语使用，在口语中可以省略。
The book that I borrowed yesterday is very interesting.
我昨天借的那本书非常有趣。
EN： The main subject of the sentence is 'the wallet', which is a singular noun. Therefore, it takes the singular form of the linking verb 'is' to connect it to the subject complement 'brown', despite the intervening relative clause.
中文： 本句的主语是“the wallet”（钱包），为单数名词。因此，尽管中间夹有关系从句，它仍须搭配单数形式的连系动词“is”来连接主语补语“brown”（棕色的）。
EN： The relative pronoun 'who' is used as a subject relative pronoun to introduce a defining relative clause ('who joined the trip') that describes the plural noun 'The students'. This clause specifies which students are being referred to.
中文： 关系代词「who」在此用作主语关系代词，引导限定性定语从句（who joined the trip），用来修饰复数名词「The students」（学生们）。此从句明确指出了是哪些学生。
The people who live next door are very friendly.
住在隔壁的人们非常友善。
EN： The idiom 'have fun' (past tense 'had fun') means to enjoy oneself or experience pleasure. It is followed by no preposition when used generally, but can be followed by an -ing verb to describe the enjoyable activity (e.g., 'had fun playing').
中文： 短语「have fun」（过去式为「had fun」）意为「玩得开心」或「享受乐趣」。一般使用时不接介词，但若要描述具体玩得开心的活动，后面可接动名词（例如：had fun playing）。
We had fun at the amusement park yesterday.
我们昨天在游乐园玩得很开心。
EN： The relative pronoun 'which' is used to introduce an adjective clause (relative clause) that describes a non-human noun ('a hobby'). In this sentence, 'which' acts as the subject of the relative clause 'which keeps me active'.
中文： 关系代词“which”用于引导形容词从句（关系从句），用来修饰非人的名词（此处为“a hobby”）。在本句中，“which”在关系从句“which keeps me active”中充当主语的角色。
She bought a book which explains the history of art.
她买了一本解释艺术史的书。
EN： The verb 'keep' can be followed by an object and an adjective (keep + object + adjective) to express the idea of maintaining someone or something in a specific state or condition.
中文： 动词“keep”后面可以接宾语和形容词（keep + 宾语 + 形容词），用来表示让某人或某物保持在特定的状态或情况中。
Running every morning keeps him healthy.
每天早上跑步让他保持健康。
EN： The sentence uses an imperative structure, which starts directly with a base verb ('Try') to give a suggestion, advice, or command. The subject 'you' is implied.
中文： 本句使用祈使句结构，直接以动词原形（Try）开头，用于提出建议、劝告或命令。省略了主语「you」。
Take the subway to save time.
搭地铁以节省时间。
EN： The relative pronoun 'that' introduces a defining relative clause ('that meets on Mondays') to modify the noun 'the dance class'. In this clause, 'that' acts as the subject.
中文： 关系代词「that」引导限定性定语从句（that meets on Mondays），用来修饰先行词「the dance class」（舞蹈班）。在此从句中，「that」充当主语角色。
I like the book that lies on the table.
我喜欢那本放在桌上的书。
EN： In English-speaking countries, using 'on Mondays' (plural) indicates a recurring schedule every Monday, which is a common way to describe weekly classes or routines.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用複數形式的「on Mondays」表示每個星期一固定重複的日程，這是描述每週固定課程或例行公事時非常常見的表達方式。
EN： The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce an adjective clause (relative clause) that modifies a plural noun ('People'). Since 'People' is plural, the verb inside the relative clause ('try') must also be in the plural form (without -s).
中文： 关系代词“who”用于引导形容词从句（关系从句）来修饰复数名词（People）。因为“People”是复数，所以关系从句中的动词（try）也必须使用复数形式（不加 -s）。
Students who study daily get better grades.
每天读书的学生会取得更好的成绩。
EN： The comparative adverb 'faster' is the comparative form of 'fast'. It modifies the verb 'learn' to show a higher speed or rate of learning.
中文： 比较级副词“faster”是“fast”的比较级形式，用来修饰动词“learn”，表示学习的速度更快。
She runs faster than her brother.
她跑得比她弟弟快。
EN： This sentence reflects a common growth mindset valued in modern Western education and professional environments, where experimentation and embracing new challenges are seen as key drivers of personal development.
中文： 這句話反映了現代西方教育與職場環境中非常推崇的「成長型思維」（growth mindset），即把勇於嘗試與迎接新挑戰視為個人成長與快速學習的關鍵驅動力。
EN： The relative pronoun 'which' is used to introduce a relative clause (adjective clause) that describes a non-human noun (in this case, 'advice'). Since 'which' acts as the object of the verb 'remember' in the relative clause, it can optionally be omitted in informal speech.
中文： 关系代词“which”用于引导关系从句（形容词从句），用来修饰非人的名词（在此句中为“advice”）。由于“which”在关系从句中充当动词“remember”的宾语，在口语非正式表达中可以省略。
This is the book which I bought yesterday.
这是我昨天买的那本书。
EN： The modal verb 'will' is used here to express a strong determination or promise to do something in the future. It is followed by the base form of the verb 'remember'.
中文： 情态动词“will”在此处用于表示在未来做某事的强烈决心或承诺。其后接动词原形“remember”。
I will help you with your homework tonight.
我今晚一定会帮你写作业。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, expressing gratitude for advice with strong commitment (using 'will') shows high respect and appreciation for the speaker's wisdom, reinforcing social bonds.
中文： 在英語系國家中，用強烈肯定的語氣（使用「will」）對他人的建議表示感謝，展現了對說話者智慧的高度尊重與感激，有助於增進人際關係。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中： 比赛、竞赛
在本文中： 成功、达到目的
在本文中： 有耐心的
在本文中： 改进、增进、提高
在本文中： 精神、热情、向心力
在本文中： 兴趣、爱好
在本文中： 组织、筹办、策划
在本文中： 活跃的、积极的、好动的
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
A competition in which people give speeches.
演讲比赛
To adopt a different opinion or decision.
改变主意、改变想法
The feeling of pride and loyalty that students and alumni have for their school.
学校精神、校园凝聚力、爱校心
To cause someone to find something funny and laugh.
逗某人笑、让某人发笑