EN: Using 'V-ing' (Gerund) as the subject of a sentence to talk about an activity.
中文: 使用动名词 (V-ing) 作句子的主语,用来描述某项活动或行为。
Learning English is fun.
学习英文很有趣。
EN: In Western academic culture, essay writing is a fundamental skill taught early on, emphasizing individual critical thinking and structured arguments.
中文: 在西方學術文化中,論文寫作是一項很早就開始培養的基礎技能,強調個人批判性思考與結構化的論點表達。
EN: Use 'when' to connect two ideas where one thing happens at the same time as another or as a result of it.
中文: 使用 'when' 来连接两个想法,表示当某件事发生时,另一件事也会随之发生或成为其结果。
It is cold when it snows.
下雪时天气很冷。
EN: The structure 'A is B' uses the verb 'is' to define or describe what the subject is.
中文: 使用“A is B”的句型,通过动词 is 来定义或描述主语是什么。
A cat is a small animal.
猫是一种小动物。
EN: In Western academic culture, an 'essay' is a fundamental way for students to demonstrate critical thinking and clarity of argument.
中文: 在西方學術文化中,「essay」(論文/短文)是學生展現批判性思考和論點清晰度的基本方式。
EN: Use the Present Simple tense to talk about regular activities or facts that are generally true.
中文: 使用一般现在时来描述规律性的活动或普遍的事实。
Teachers help students every day.
老师每天都帮助学生。
EN: In British English, people say 'at university', while in American English, it is more common to say 'in college'.
中文: 在英式英語中,人們習慣說 'at university',而在美式英語中,更常用 'in college' 來表達在大學就讀或在校的情況。
EN: Use the word 'has' (singular) or 'have' (plural) to show that something contains or possesses certain qualities.
中文: 使用 'has'(单数)或 'have'(复数)来表示某物包含或具备某种特质。
A good book has an interesting story.
一本好书有一个有趣的故事。
EN: In Western academic writing, 'structure' is often considered as important as the content itself. A 'clear structure' typically refers to having an introduction, body, and conclusion.
中文: 在西方學術寫作中,「結構」通常被認為與內容本身一樣重要。「清晰的結構」通常指具有引言、正文和結論。
EN: Use 'will' followed by a base verb to talk about future plans or actions that are going to happen.
中文: 使用“will”后接动词原形,用来描述未来计划或即将发生的动作。
Tomorrow we will visit the museum.
明天我们将参观博物馆。
EN: In Western academic settings, an 'essay' is a fundamental tool for developing critical thinking. Students are taught the standard structure (Introduction, Body, Conclusion) from a young age.
中文: 在西方學術環境中,「essay」(論文/短文)是培養批判性思考的基礎工具。學生從小就被教導標準的結構(引言、正文、結論)。
EN: When the subject is singular (like 'Every essay'), we add an 's' to the verb in the present tense.
中文: 当主语是单数时(例如 Every essay),一般现在时动词后面要加上 's'。
Every student needs a pen.
每个学生都需要一支笔。
EN: In Western academic writing, the 'introduction' is crucial as it sets the stage and provides a roadmap for the reader. It is not just a greeting but a functional part of the essay.
中文: 在西方學術寫作中,「引言」(introduction) 非常重要,它不僅是開場白,更為讀者提供了整篇文章的架構藍圖。
EN: Use the Present Simple tense to describe facts or what something does. Add '-s' to the verb when the subject is singular (The introduction).
中文: 使用一般现在时来描述事实或某物的功能。当主语是单数(The introduction)时,动词词尾要加“-s”。
The book explains the rules.
这本书解释了规则。
EN: In Western academic writing, the introduction is expected to be direct and clearly state the purpose of the essay immediately.
中文: 在西方學術寫作中,引言通常要求直接了當,並立即清楚地陳述文章的目的。
EN: When the subject is 'It', 'He', or 'She' in the present tense, we add an 's' to the end of the verb.
中文: 当主语是单数第三人称 It、He 或 She 时,一般现在时动词词尾要加上 's'。
The book includes many pictures.
这本书包含很多图片。
EN: In academic writing, a 'thesis' is the most critical part of an essay as it clearly states the writer's position. Using 'also' helps connect ideas smoothly between sentences.
中文: 在學術寫作中,「thesis」(論點) 是文章最關鍵的部分,因為它明確表達了作者的立場。使用「also」有助於讓句子間的觀點銜接更流暢。
EN: The verb 'is' (be-verb) acts like an equal sign (=) to connect a subject with a description or definition.
中文: 动词 'is' (be动词) 就像一个等号 (=),用来连接主语与其定义或描述。
A dog is a loyal pet.
狗是忠诚的宠物。
EN: In Western academic writing, a 'thesis statement' is essential. It is usually placed at the end of the first paragraph to tell the reader exactly what the writer will prove.
中文: 在西方學術寫作中,「論文主旨句」(thesis statement) 至關重要。它通常放在第一段的末尾,明確告訴讀者作者將要證明的觀點。
EN: Use 'For example' at the beginning of a sentence to introduce a specific case that illustrates your point.
中文: 在句首使用“For example”来带出一个具体的例子,用以说明你的观点。
For example, you can eat an apple for a healthy snack.
例如,你可以吃苹果当作健康的零食。
EN: The debate between 'dog people' and 'cat people' is a very common and lighthearted topic in Western culture, often used as a classic example of an argumentative topic in schools.
中文: 「愛狗人士」與「愛貓人士」之間的爭論在西方文化中是非常常見且輕鬆的話題,常被學校當作練習辯論或寫作主題的經典範例。
EN: Using 'what' to introduce a clause that acts as an object. It means 'the thing that'.
中文: 使用“what”引导一个从句作宾语,意思是“……的事情”或“……的内容”。
I know what you like.
我知道你喜欢什么。
EN: In academic writing, 'argue' does not mean to fight or shout. It means to present reasons and evidence to support an opinion.
中文: 在學術寫作中,「argue」並非指吵架或大喊,而是指提出理由和證據來支持某個觀點(論證)。
EN: Use 'the most + adjective' to compare three or more things and show which one is at the highest level.
中文: 使用“the most + 形容词”来比较三个或三个以上的事物,表示哪一个处于最高级别(最高级)。
This is the most interesting book in the library.
这是图书馆里最有趣的一本书。
EN: In Western academic writing, the 'thesis statement' is crucial because it tells the reader exactly what the writer intends to prove. It usually appears at the end of the first paragraph.
中文: 在西方學術寫作中,「論文主旨句」(thesis statement) 至關重要,因為它明確告訴讀者作者打算證明什麼。它通常出現在第一段的末尾。
EN: Use 'come after' to describe the order or sequence of things. It means something happens or is placed following another thing.
中文: 使用“come after”来描述事物的顺序。它表示某样东西发生在另一个东西之后,或排在另一个东西后面。
Tuesday comes after Monday.
周二在周一之后。
EN: In Western academic writing, the structure of an essay is very strict. The introduction always sets the stage, followed by body paragraphs that provide evidence, and ending with a conclusion.
中文: 在西方學術寫作中,文章結構非常嚴謹。引言總是負責鋪陳,接著是提供證據的正文段落,最後以結論收尾。
EN: Use 'Each' followed by a singular noun to talk about every individual member of a group. The verb must also be singular (e.g., 'has' instead of 'have').
中文: 使用“Each”后接单数名词来描述群体中的每一个成员。动词也必须使用单数形式(例如用“has”而不是“have”)。
Each student has a book.
每个学生都有一本书。
EN: In Western academic writing, the 'one paragraph, one idea' rule is a fundamental standard to ensure clarity and logical flow.
中文: 在西方學術寫作中,「一個段落一個觀點」是確保清晰度和邏輯流暢性的基本標準。
EN: Use 'that' to add more information about a noun (a reason). It connects the noun to an action or description.
中文: 使用 'that' 来添加关于名词(原因)的更多信息。它将名词与动作或描述连接起来。
I have a friend that lives in London.
我有一个住在伦敦的朋友。
EN: In Western academic writing, an 'argument' is not a fight or a disagreement. It is a logical statement used to persuade the reader that your main idea (thesis) is correct.
中文: 在西方學術寫作中,「argument」並不是指爭吵或不和。它是一個邏輯陳述,用來說服讀者你的主旨(thesis)是正確的。
EN: Use 'to + verb' (infinitive) to show the purpose or reason why you do something.
中文: 使用“to + 动词”(不定式)来表示做某件事的目的或原因。
I study hard to get good grades.
我努力学习是为了取得好成绩。
EN: In Western academic writing, providing evidence (facts or data) is essential. Simply stating an opinion without support is considered a weak argument.
中文: 在西方學術寫作中,提供證據(事實或數據)至關重要。僅陳述觀點而沒有支持被視為薄弱的論點。
EN: Use 'can be' to talk about possibilities or to define what something is able to be.
中文: 使用“can be”来描述可能性,或定义某事物可以呈现的形式。
The weather can be very cold in winter.
冬天的天气可能会非常寒冷。
EN: In academic writing, 'evidence' is an uncountable noun. Even if you have many facts, you usually say 'evidence' instead of 'evidences'.
中文: 在學術寫作中,「evidence」是一個不可數名詞。即使你有很多項證據,通常也只會使用單數形式的「evidence」,而不會加 s。
EN: Use 'For instance' at the beginning of a sentence to introduce an example that supports your previous statement.
中文: 在句首使用“For instance”来引出一个例子,用以支持你之前的论点。
For instance, you can eat more fruit to stay healthy.
例如,你可以多吃水果来保持健康。
EN: In academic writing, 'For instance' and 'For example' are used interchangeably. However, providing evidence like 'studies' is a key part of Western essay structure to build a strong argument.
中文: 在學術寫作中,「For instance」和「For example」可以互換使用。然而,提供像「研究 (studies)」這樣的證據是西方論文結構中建立強有力論點的關鍵部分。
EN: Use 'Always' at the beginning of a sentence to give a strong command or a helpful piece of advice that should be followed every time.
中文: 在句首使用“Always”可以用给予强烈的指令或实用的建议,表示每次都应该这样做。
Always wash your hands before eating.
饭前务必洗手。
EN: In academic writing, clarity is highly valued. Western essay standards emphasize that the writer is responsible for making the logic easy for the reader to follow, rather than the reader having to guess the meaning.
中文: 在學術寫作中,清晰度非常受重視。西方論文標準強調作者有責任讓邏輯易於理解,而不是讓讀者去猜測其中的含義。
EN: Use 'The [Noun] of [Noun]' to show that one thing belongs to or is a part of another thing.
中文: 使用“The [名词] of [名词]”的结构来表示某物属于另一物,或为另一物的一部分。
The color of the car is red.
这辆车的颜色是红色的。
EN: In English academic writing, the structure (Introduction, Body, Conclusion) is very strict. The conclusion is essential because it reinforces the writer's main point one last time.
中文: 在英文學術寫作中,結構(引言、正文、結論)非常嚴謹。結論至關重要,因為它最後一次強化了作者的核心觀點。
EN: Use 'does not' (doesn't) with a base verb to make a negative sentence when the subject is singular (he, she, it, or a single thing).
中文: 当主语是单数(他、她、它或单一事物)时,使用“does not”加上原形动词来构成否定句。
He does not eat meat.
他不吃肉。
EN: In Western academic writing, the conclusion is strictly for summarizing and reinforcing the thesis. Introducing a completely new argument in the conclusion is considered a structural error.
中文: 在西方學術寫作中,結論僅用於總結和強化論點。在結論中引入全新的論點被視為結構性的錯誤。
EN: Use 'in' to describe the language, style, or manner in which something is expressed.
中文: 使用介词“in”来描述表达某事时所使用的语言、风格或方式。
Please write the answer in English.
请用英文写下答案。
EN: In English academic writing, 'paraphrasing' (expressing the same idea using different words) is a crucial skill. Repeating the thesis in the conclusion is expected, but copying it word-for-word is discouraged.
中文: 在英文學術寫作中,「改寫」(paraphrasing,即用不同的詞彙表達相同的觀點) 是一項至關重要的技能。在結論中重複論點是必要的,但通常不鼓勵逐字照抄。
EN: When the subject is 'He', 'She', or 'It', we add an '-s' to the end of the action word (verb) in the present tense.
中文: 当主语是“他、她、它”时,一般现在时动词词尾要加上“-s”。
She plays the piano every day.
她每天弹钢琴。
EN: In academic writing, the conclusion is expected to be a concise wrap-up. Using words like 'summarize' helps the reader identify that the essay is ending.
中文: 在學術寫作中,結論通常需要簡明扼要。使用像「summarize」(總結)這樣的詞彙能幫助讀者識別文章即將結束。
EN: The verb 'make' can be used to cause someone to do something. After 'make + person', we use the base form of the verb (without 'to').
中文: 动词“make”可以用表示“使某人做某事”。在“make + 人”之后,我们使用动词原形(不加 to)。
The movie makes me cry.
这部电影让我哭了。
EN: In Western academic writing, the conclusion is not just a summary; it often aims to leave a lasting impression or 'food for thought' for the reader.
中文: 在西方學術寫作中,結論不僅僅是摘要;它通常旨在給讀者留下深刻印象或「引人深思」的觀點。
EN: Use 'can' to show possibility or options. It is followed by the base form of a verb.
中文: 使用 'can' 来表示可能性或选择。后面接动词原形。
You can use a pen or a pencil.
你可以用圆珠笔或铅笔。
EN: In Western academic writing, ending with a 'thought-provoking question' or a 'call to action' is a common strategy to engage the reader after the main arguments are finished.
中文: 在西方學術寫作中,以「引人深思的問題」或「行動呼籲」來結尾,是常見的寫作策略,旨在主體論點結束後引發讀者共鳴。
EN: The word 'know' is a stative verb used to describe a state of understanding or familiarity. It is usually used in the simple present tense rather than the continuous tense.
中文: 动词“know”是一个状态动词,用来描述理解或熟悉的状态。它通常使用一般现在时,而不是进行时。
Now you know the answer to the question.
现在你知道这个问题的答案了。
EN: In Western academic culture, understanding the 'structure' of an essay is considered the foundation of critical thinking and clear communication.
中文: 在西方學術文化中,理解文章的「結構」被認為是批判性思考和清晰溝通的基礎。
EN: Use 'Remember to' followed by a base verb to tell someone not to forget a future task or action.
中文: 使用“Remember to”后接动词原形,用来提醒某人不要忘记去做某件事。
Remember to bring your umbrella.
记得带你的雨伞。
EN: In Western academic writing, having a 'thesis statement' is essential. It is usually placed at the end of the introduction to tell the reader exactly what the essay will prove.
中文: 在西方學術寫作中,擁有一個「論點陳述 (thesis statement)」至關重要。它通常放在引言的末尾,確切地告訴讀者這篇文章將要證明什麼。
EN: Imperative sentences (commands) start with a verb to tell someone what to do. The subject 'you' is understood and omitted.
中文: 祈使句(命令句)以动词开头,用来告诉某人该做什么。主语“你”被省略了。
Use a pen to sign your name.
用圆珠笔签下你的名字。
EN: In English academic writing, the 'body' refers to the middle paragraphs of an essay where the main points are developed, distinct from the introduction and conclusion.
中文: 在英文學術寫作中,「body」指的是文章的中間段落,即發展主要觀點的部分,與開頭(introduction)和結尾(conclusion)有所區別。
EN: Imperative sentences are used to give instructions or commands. They usually start with a verb and do not need a subject like 'you'.
中文: 祈使句用于给出指令或命令。它们通常以动词开头,不需要加上主语“你”。
Open the door.
打开那扇门。
EN: In English academic writing, a 'strong' conclusion is highly valued. It doesn't just end the essay; it leaves a lasting impression on the reader.
中文: 在英文學術寫作中,一個「強而有力」的結論非常受重視。它不僅僅是結束文章,還要給讀者留下深刻的印象。
EN: Use 'make + object + adjective' to describe how something causes a change in state or quality.
中文: 使用“make + 宾语 + 形容词”的句型来描述某事如何导致状态或品质的改变。
Reading books will make you smart.
读书会让你变得聪明。
EN: The phrase 'Practice makes perfect' is a very common English proverb. This sentence is a softer, more realistic variation of that idea, emphasizing gradual improvement.
中文: 英文中有一句著名的諺語「Practice makes perfect」(熟能生巧)。這句話是該概念的一個較溫和且寫實的變體,強調的是逐漸的進步而非立即的完美。
EN: Imperative sentences are used to give commands, advice, or encouragement. They start with the base form of a verb. To make it negative, use 'do not' or 'don't' before the verb.
中文: 祈使句用于给予命令、建议或鼓励。这类句子以动词原形开头。若要表示否定,请在动词前加上 'do not' 或 'don't'。
Do not be late for class.
上课不要迟到。
EN: In Western academic culture, making mistakes is often viewed as a necessary part of the learning process. Teachers frequently encourage students to focus on expressing ideas rather than perfect grammar in early drafts.
中文: 在西方學術文化中,犯錯通常被視為學習過程中必要的一部分。老師經常鼓勵學生在初稿中專注於表達想法,而不是追求完美的語法。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中: 一篇关于特定主题的短文或文章。
在本文中: 事物的组织方式或结构。
在本文中: 文章的开头部分,用来引导读者进入主题。
在本文中: 中心论点:论文或文章的核心论点或主旨。
在本文中: 提出理由以支持某个观点或论点。
在本文中: 文章中由多个句子组成的段落。
在本文中: 支持某种看法的一套理由或论据。
在本文中: 用来证明某事为真或支持论点的事实、数据或例子。
在本文中: 文章的结尾,总结全文要点。
在本文中: 概括、总结主要内容。
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
in the beginning
起初、开始时
for example
例如、举例来说
the main part of an essay that develops the ideas
正文段落
gradually as time passes
随着时间的推移、久而久之
The main claim or central idea of an essay, usually expressed in a single sentence.
论文主旨 / 论点
The middle sections of an essay that develop the main idea through arguments and evidence.
正文段落
A logical reason or set of reasons given with the aim of persuading others that an action or idea is right or wrong.
论点 / 论证