EN： Non-defining relative clauses (using 'who') provide extra, non-essential information about a person. They are separated from the main clause by commas, and the relative pronoun 'who' cannot be replaced by 'that'.
中文： 非限定关系子句（使用 'who'）用于对人提供额外的、非必要的补充说明。这种子句前后需使用逗号与主句隔开，且关系代词 'who' 在此处不能用 'that' 替换。
My English teacher, who loves reading novels, recommended this book to me.
我的英文老师（她很爱看小说）向我推荐了这本书。
EN： The present perfect tense ('has died') is used here to report recent news or events that have a strong connection to the present, focusing on the current state of the event.
中文： 现在完成式（'has died'）在此处用于报道最近发生的新闻或事件，强调该事件与现在的关联性，并着重于目前的状态。
The famous actor has retired from his acting career.
这位著名演员已经从演艺生涯中退休了。
EN： Sir Garfield Sobers is widely regarded as one of the greatest cricket players of all time. The title 'Sir' indicates that he was knighted by the British monarchy for his outstanding contributions to the sport, a high honor in Commonwealth countries.
中文： 加菲尔德·索伯斯爵士被广泛认为是板球历史上最伟大的球员之一。名字前的「Sir」（爵士）头衔表示他因对体育运动的杰出贡献而荣获英国王室授勋封爵，这在大英国协国家是一项极高的荣誉。
EN： The structure 'one of the + superlative adjective + plural noun' is used to single out one person or thing that possesses a quality to the highest degree among a group. Note that the noun following this structure must always be in its plural form.
中文： 「one of the + 最高级形容词 + 复数名词」的结构，用于在一个群体中挑选出某个在某方面达到最高程度的人或事物。请注意，此结构后面的名词必须使用复数形式。
She is one of the most talented musicians in the orchestra.
她是管弦乐团中最有才华的音乐家之一。
EN： Prepositional phrases starting with 'in' and 'of' are used here as post-modifiers (adjectival phrases) to restrict and define the scope of 'all-rounders'. 'In the history' defines the temporal scope, while 'of cricket' specifies the domain.
中文： 这里以 'in' 和 'of' 开头的介词短语用作后置修饰语（形容词短语），用来限制和界定「全能选手（all-rounders）」的范围。'In the history' 定义了时间范围，而 'of cricket' 则指定了领域。
He is a legend in the history of football.
他是足球历史上的一位传奇人物。
EN： In cricket, an 'all-rounder' is a player who excels at both batting and bowling. True all-rounders are rare and highly valued because they effectively allow a team to play an extra player. Sir Garfield Sobers is universally regarded as the gold standard for all-rounders in the history of the sport.
中文： 在板球运动中，「all-rounder」（全能选手）是指在击球（batting）和投球（bowling）两方面都表现极为出色的球员。真正的全能选手非常罕见且极具价值，因为他们相当于让球队多出了一名球员。加菲尔德·索伯斯爵士被公认为该运动历史上全能选手的黄金标准。
EN： Apposition (同位語) is a grammatical construction in which two elements, typically noun phrases, are placed side by side, with one element serving to identify or define the other. In this sentence, 'Daniel' is an appositive that identifies 'His son'.
中文： 同位语（Apposition）是一种语法结构，其中两个名词短语并列放置，其中一个用于识别或定义另一个。在本句中，「丹尼尔」是一个同位语，用来具体说明「他的儿子」是谁。
My friend Sarah loves reading.
我的朋友莎拉热爱阅读。
EN： The simple past tense (過去簡單式) is used to describe an action that was completed at a specific time in the past. It is often used with past time expressions such as 'on Friday'.
中文： 过去简单式（Simple Past Tense）用于描述在过去特定时间已经完成的动作。它经常与过去的时间表达语（例如「在周五」）连用。
She finished her homework last night.
她昨晚完成了她的家庭作业。
EN： In English news reporting, it is common to introduce a person by their relationship to the main subject first (e.g., 'His son Daniel') to provide immediate context, rather than just stating the name. Additionally, specific days of the week are capitalized in English and preceded by the preposition 'on'.
中文： 在英文新闻报道中，通常会先通过与主角的关系来介绍某人（例如「His son Daniel」），以提供即时的背景信息，而不是仅仅陈述名字。此外，英文中的星期几首字母必须大写，且前面要使用介词「on」。
EN： The phrasal verb 'pass away' is a polite and respectful euphemism used instead of the word 'die' to talk about someone's death.
中文： 短语动词「pass away」是一个礼貌且尊重的委婉说法，用来代替「die」（死亡）以谈论某人的逝世。
My grandfather passed away peacefully in his sleep last night.
我的祖父昨晚在睡梦中安详地去世了。
EN： The preposition 'before' is used to indicate a time preceding an event. It can be modified by a specific duration (e.g., 'ten days before') to show exactly how much earlier the event occurred.
中文： 介词「before」用于表示在某事件之前的时间。它前面可以加上具体的时间长度（例如「ten days before」，即十天前），以精确说明该事件提早了多久发生。
We arrived at the airport two hours before our flight.
我们在班机起飞前两小时抵达了机场。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, discussing death directly using the word 'died' can sometimes feel harsh, especially when paying tribute to a respected public figure or loved one. Euphemisms like 'passed away' or 'passed' are widely preferred in obituaries and formal news to show respect and offer comfort.
中文： 在英语国家中，直接使用「died」（死亡）一词来讨论逝世有时会显得过于生硬，特别是在向受人尊敬的公众人物或挚爱致敬时。在讣闻和正式新闻中，人们更倾向使用「passed away」或「passed」等委婉说法，以示尊重并带来慰藉。
EN： The relative clause 'that lasted for twenty years...' is introduced by the relative pronoun 'that'. It functions as an adjective clause modifying the noun 'career'. 'That' acts as the subject of the relative clause.
中文： 关系从句（形容词从句）「that lasted for twenty years...」由关系代词「that」引导，用来修饰先行词（名词）「career」（职业生涯）。在此从句中，「that」担任主语的角色。
She has a business that employs over fifty people.
她拥有一家雇用超过五十名员工的公司。
EN： The preposition 'for' is used to indicate the duration of an action or state, answering the question 'how long?'. It is followed by a period of time (e.g., 'twenty years').
中文： 介词「for」用于表示某个动作或状态持续的时间长度，回答「多久？」的问题。后面接一段时间（例如「twenty years」，二十年）。
They lived in Paris for five years before moving to London.
他们在搬到伦敦之前，在巴黎住了五年。
EN： The 'West Indies' in cricket does not refer to a single country, but rather a sporting confederation of over ten Caribbean countries and territories. Historically, they were a dominant force in world cricket during the mid-to-late 20th century, and Sir Garfield Sobers is widely regarded as their greatest icon.
中文： 板球运动中的「西印度群岛」（West Indies）并非指单一国家，而是由十多个加勒比海地区国家与领地组成的体育联盟。在20世纪中后期，他们曾是世界板球坛的霸主，而加菲尔德·索伯斯爵士被广泛视为该队最伟大的代表人物。
EN： The Simple Past Tense (e.g., 'played') is used to describe completed actions that occurred at a specific time in the past.
中文： 简单过去式（例如「played」）用于描述在过去特定时间已经完成的动作或状态。
She visited London in 2015.
她在2015年访问了伦敦。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'between A and B' is used to indicate a range of time, numbers, or space connecting two specific points.
中文： 介词短语「between A and B」（在 A 与 B 之间）用于表示连接两个特定点的时间、数量或空间范围。
The museum is open between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m.
该博物馆在上午9点至下午5点之间开放。
EN： In cricket, 'Test matches' are the longest and highest level of international cricket, lasting up to five days. Playing 93 Test matches over a 20-year span (1954-1974) represents an exceptionally long and elite career, cementing Sir Garfield Sobers' status as a legend of the sport.
中文： 在板球运动中，「测试赛」（Test matches）是时间最长且级别最高的国际比赛，一场比赛可长达五天。在20年（1954-1974）的职业生涯中参加93场测试赛，代表着极其持久且顶尖的竞技生涯，这奠定了加菲尔德·索伯斯爵士作为该项运动传奇人物的地位。
EN： Non-defining relative clauses (using 'which') are used to add extra, non-essential information about a noun that has already been clearly identified. They are separated from the main clause by commas.
中文： 非限定关系子句（使用 'which'）用于对已经明确识别的名词添加额外的、非必要的补充说明。这种子句与主句之间会用逗号隔开。
She bought a new laptop, which cost her a fortune.
她买了一台新笔记本电脑，花了他一大笔钱。
EN： The past simple tense is used to describe completed actions that happened at a specific time in the past, such as 'scored' and 'included' in this historical context.
中文： 简单过去式用于描述在过去特定时间已经完成的动作，在此历史背景中如 'scored'（得分）和 'included'（包括）。
EN： In cricket, a 'run' is the basic unit of scoring. A 'century' is a highly prestigious individual milestone where a single batter scores 100 or more runs in a single innings. Scoring 26 centuries in Test cricket is an extraordinary achievement that solidifies Sir Garfield Sobers' legendary status.
中文： 在板球运动中，「run」是基本得分单位。「century」（百打/单局破百）是一项极具声望的个人里程碑，指单一击球手在单局比赛中获得 100 分或以上。在测试赛（Test cricket）中拿下 26 次单局破百是一项非凡的成就，这奠定了加菲尔德·索伯斯爵士的传奇地位。
EN： The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a defining relative clause that gives essential information about a person (in this case, 'a skilled left-arm bowler'). The clause 'who took 235 wickets...' describes the bowler's achievement.
中文： 关系代词「who」用于引导限定性关系从句，提供关于人（在此指「一位熟练的左臂投球手」）的必要信息。从句「who took 235 wickets...」修饰并说明该投球手的成就。
She is a talented artist who won several international awards last year.
她是一位去年获得了数个国际奖项的才华横溢的艺术家。
EN： The coordinating conjunction 'and also' is used to connect two noun phrases ('a left-handed batter' and 'a skilled left-arm bowler') that function as subject complements, emphasizing that the subject possesses both qualities.
中文： 对等连接词「and also」（而且也是）用于连接两个作为主语补语的名词短语（「a left-handed batter」与「a skilled left-arm bowler」），用以强调主语同时具备这两种身份或特质。
He is an excellent teacher and also a successful writer.
他是一位优秀的教师，同时也是一位成功的作家。
EN： In cricket, 'Test cricket' is the longest and highest standard of first-class cricket, played between national representative teams. Taking 'wickets' refers to a bowler dismissing a batter, which is a primary defensive achievement in the sport. Sir Garfield Sobers' achievement of 235 wickets alongside his batting record solidifies his status as one of the greatest 'all-rounders' (players skilled at both batting and bowling) in history.
中文： 在板球运动中，「测试赛」（Test cricket）是国家代表队之间进行的时长最长、水平最高的顶级赛事。夺得「三柱门」（wickets）是指投球手将击球手淘汰出局，这是该运动中主要的防守成就。加菲尔德·索伯斯爵士（Sir Garfield Sobers）在拥有辉煌击球纪录的同时还夺得 235 个三柱门，这奠定了他作为历史上最伟大「全能球员」（all-rounders，即精通击球与投球的球员）的地位。
EN： The passive voice is used when the focus is on the action or the person/thing affected by the action, rather than the doer. It is formed using 'be + past participle'. In this sentence, 'is remembered' (present simple passive) shows that Sobers is the object of the remembering.
中文： 被动语态（Passive Voice）用于当焦点在于动作本身或受该动作影响的人或物，而非执行者时。其结构为「be 动词 + 过去分词」。在本句中，「is remembered」（现在简单式被动语态）表示索伯斯是被世人所铭记的对象。
The historic building is visited by thousands of tourists every year.
这栋历史建筑每年都有数千名游客造访。
EN： The preposition 'for' is used here to introduce the reason or cause for which someone or something is famous, known, or remembered. The pattern is 'be remembered/known for + noun/gerund'.
中文： 介词「for」在此处用于引导某人或某事因何而闻名、为人所知或被铭记的原因。常用句型为「be remembered/known for + 名词/动名词」。
The city is famous for its beautiful parks.
这座城市以其美丽的公园而闻名。
EN： In 1968, Sir Garfield Sobers made cricket history by becoming the first player to hit six sixes in a single over (six consecutive maximum-scoring hits) in first-class cricket while playing for Nottinghamshire. This is considered one of the most legendary individual achievements in the sport, cementing his status as an all-time great.
中文： 1968 年，加菲尔德·索伯斯爵士代表诺丁汉郡队参赛时，单局连续击出六次六分打（six sixes），成为一级板球历史上首位达成此壮举的球员。这被视为板球运动中最具传奇色彩的个人成就之一，奠定了他作为史上最伟大球员的地位。
EN： The infinitive 'to hit' is used here as an adjective modifying the noun phrase 'the first batter'. In English, ordinal numbers (first, second, etc.) or words like 'last' and 'only' are frequently followed by a 'to-infinitive' to describe an action performed by that person or thing.
中文： 不定词「to hit」在此处作为形容词，修饰名词短语「the first batter」（第一位击球手）。在英文中，序数（第一、第二等）或像「last」（最后）、「only」（唯一）这样的词，后面经常接「不定词（to-infinitive）」来描述该人或事物所完成的动作。
She was the first person to arrive at the party.
她是第一个到达派对的人。
EN： The verb 'become' is a linking verb (copula) that connects the subject with a subject complement (a noun or adjective that describes or identifies the subject). In this sentence, 'the first batter...' is the noun phrase acting as the subject complement.
中文： 动词「become」（成为）是一个连系动词（copula），用来连接主语与主语补语（修饰或说明主语身份的名词或形容词）。在本句中，「the first batter...」即为充当主语补语的名词短语。
He became a professional football player at the age of eighteen.
他在十八岁时成为了一名职业足球员。
EN： In cricket, an 'over' consists of six consecutive balls bowled by a bowler from one end. Hitting 'six sixes' in an over means the batter scored the maximum possible runs (6 runs per ball, totaling 36) from every single ball of that over. This is an extremely rare and legendary feat in 'first-class cricket' (the highest standard of domestic long-form cricket).
中文： 在板球（cricket）运动中，一轮（over）由投手连续投出的六颗球组成。在单一轮中击出「六次六分打（six sixes）」意味着击球手在这一轮的每一颗球都击出了最高得分（每球6分，共36分）。这在「一流板球赛事（first-class cricket，指最高水准的国内长途赛事）」中是一项极其罕见且具传奇色彩的壮举。
EN： The passive voice (be + past participle) is used here ('was made') because the action (making the achievement) is more important than the person who did it, or to keep the focus on 'this achievement' as the subject.
中文： 被动语态（be 动词 + 过去分词）在此处（'was made'）被使用，是因为该动作（达成这项成就）比执行动作的人更为重要，或者为了将焦点保持在作为主语的「这项成就」上。
The decision was made by the committee yesterday.
该决定是委员会昨天做出的。
EN： The past continuous tense (was/were + verb-ing) is used here ('was playing') to describe an action that was in progress at a specific point in the past, which provides the background for another event.
中文： 过去进行式（was/were + 现在分词）在此处（'was playing'）用于描述在过去某个特定时间点正在进行的动作，这为另一个事件提供了背景脉络。
She was studying when the phone rang.
电话响起时，她正在看书。
EN： This sentence refers to county cricket in England. 'Nottinghamshire' and 'Glamorgan' are two of the historic first-class county clubs. Playing 'for' one county 'against' another is the standard way to describe domestic cricket matches in the UK.
中文： 本句提及的是英国的郡际板球赛（county cricket）。「诺丁汉郡」（Nottinghamshire）与「格拉摩根」（Glamorgan）是历史悠久的甲级郡级俱乐部。在英国，代表（for）某个郡对抗（against）另一个郡是描述国内板球赛事的标准说法。
EN： The relative pronoun 'that' is used here to introduce a defining relative clause ('that amazed cricket fans around the world') which modifies the noun 'record'. In this clause, 'that' acts as the subject of the verb 'amazed'.
中文： 关系代词「that」在此处用于引导限定修饰关系子句（that amazed cricket fans around the world），用来修饰先行词名词「record」（纪录）。在此子句中，「that」充当动词「amazed」的主词。
She wrote a book that inspired millions of readers.
她写了一本启发了数百万名读者的书。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'around the world' is a common idiom used to describe something that spans across the entire globe or is applicable globally.
中文： 介系词片语「around the world」是一个常见的惯用语，用来描述跨越全球或适用于全球的事物，意为「全世界」或「环球」。
The news spread quickly around the world.
这则新闻迅速传遍了全世界。
EN： Cricket is a sport with immense popularity in Commonwealth nations, particularly in the UK, Australia, India, and the West Indies. Hitting six sixes in a single over (six consecutive balls) is an extremely rare and legendary feat in cricket history, comparable to a perfect game in baseball.
中文： 板球是在英联邦国家（特别是英国、澳大利亚、印度和西印度群岛）极受欢迎的运动。在单一轮（连续六球）中击出六次六分打（相当于全垒打）是板球史上极其罕见且传奇的壮举，堪比棒球中的完全比赛。
EN： Noun Clause with 'that': The conjunction 'that' is used to introduce a noun clause functioning as the direct object of the reporting verb 'said'. In informal English, 'that' is often omitted, but it is kept here for formal written clarity.
中文： 由「that」引导的名词从句：连接词「that」用于引导一个名词从句，作为转述动词「said」的直接宾语。在非正式英语中，「that」常被省略，但在此处保留以维持正式书面语的清晰度。
She said that she would arrive on time.
她说她会准时到达。
EN： Relative Clause with 'who': The relative pronoun 'who' introduces an adjective clause (relative clause) that modifies the noun 'cricketer'. The phrase 'ever lived' inside the clause emphasizes the superlative 'the greatest'.
中文： 由「who」引导的关系从句：关系代词「who」引导一个形容词从句（关系从句），用来修饰名词「cricketer」（板球运动员）。从句中的「ever lived」用来强调最高级「the greatest」（最伟大的）。
He is the teacher who inspired me to study history.
他就是那位启发我学习历史的老师。
EN： Brian Lara is himself widely regarded as one of the greatest batters in the history of cricket. When a legend like Lara refers to Sir Garfield Sobers as 'the greatest cricketer who ever lived,' it carries immense weight and respect within the global cricket community, highlighting Sobers' unparalleled legacy.
中文： 布赖恩·拉拉本人也被广泛认为是板球历史上最伟大的击球手之一。当像拉拉这样的传奇人物称加菲尔德·索伯斯爵士为「有史以来最伟大的板球运动员」时，这在全球板球界具有极高的分量与敬意，突显了索伯斯无可比拟的历史地位。
EN： The conjunction 'because' is used to introduce a subordinate adverbial clause of reason, explaining why the action in the main clause happens.
中文： 连接词「because」（因为）用于引导原因状语从句，解释主句动作发生的原因。
She succeeded because she worked hard.
她成功是因为她努力工作。
EN： The noun clause 'what a true all-rounder can achieve' acts as the direct object of the verb 'showed'. The pronoun 'what' functions as the object of the verb 'achieve' within the clause.
中文： 名词从句「what a true all-rounder can achieve」作为动词「showed」的直接宾语。关系代词「what」在从句中担任动词「achieve」的宾语。
He showed what a dedicated student can do.
他展现了一个专注的学生所能做到的事。
EN： In cricket, an 'all-rounder' is a player who excels at both batting and bowling. This is a highly valued and rare status in the sport. Sir Garfield Sobers is widely regarded as the greatest all-rounder in cricket history, making Brian Lara's tribute highly significant within the global cricket community.
中文： 在板球运动中，「all-rounder」（全能球员）是指在击球（batting）和投球（bowling）两方面都表现极为出色的球员。这在板球界是非常罕见且备受推崇的定位。加菲尔德·索伯斯爵士被公认为板球史上最伟大的全能球员，因此布莱恩·拉拉的这番致敬在国际板球界具有极高的分量。
EN： The Present Perfect Tense ('has lost') is used here to describe a recent action in the past that has a strong relevance or impact on the present moment.
中文： 现在完成式（has lost）在此处用于描述过去刚发生、且对现在有重大影响或关联的事件。
The music world has lost a legendary singer today.
音乐界今天失去了一位传奇歌手。
EN： The structure 'one of + superlative adjective + plural noun' ('one of its most talented and beloved figures') is used to single out one individual from a group that shares a common, highly-rated characteristic.
中文： 结构「one of + 最高级形容词 + 复数名词」（one of its most talented and beloved figures）用于从具有某种极高特征的群体中，指出其中的一个个体。
She is one of the most successful entrepreneurs in the country.
她是该国最成功的企业家之一。
EN： Cricket is a sport with immense cultural significance in Commonwealth nations, particularly in the West Indies, England, Australia, and South Asia. The passing of a legendary figure like Sir Garfield Sobers is felt as a national and global loss, transcending sports to impact cultural identity.
中文： 板球在英联邦国家（特别是西印度群岛、英国、澳大利亚和南亚）具有巨大的文化影响力。像加菲尔德·索伯斯爵士这样传奇人物的逝世，被视为国家和全球的重大损失，其影响力超越了体育本身，深植于文化认同之中。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中： 非凡的、引人注目的、卓越的
在本文中： 职业生涯、生涯
在本文中： 成就、成绩
在本文中： 使大为惊奇、使惊叹
在本文中： 留给后世的影响、遗产
在本文中： 鼓舞、激励、启发
在本文中： 世代、一代人
在本文中： 深受喜爱的、受爱戴的
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
To die (used as a polite or gentle way to refer to someone's death)
过世、逝世
A player who is skilled at both batting and bowling in cricket; or a versatile person with many skills
全能选手、多才多艺的人
An international cricket match of the highest level, played over up to five days
对抗赛、测试赛（板球最高级别的国际赛事）