EN: The past simple tense of 'see' is 'saw'. We use 'saw' to talk about something that happened and was completed in the past.
中文: 動詞「see」(看見)的過去式是不規則變化「saw」,用來表示過去某個特定時間發生的單次動作。
We saw a pod of dolphins yesterday.
我們昨天看到了一群海豚。
EN: Devon is a county in southwest England, known for its long coastline, beautiful cliffs, and rich marine life.
中文: 德文郡(Devon)位於英格蘭西南部,擁有壯觀的海岸線與懸崖景致,是英國著名的濱海自然風光勝地。
EN: Use the past continuous tense (was/were + verb-ing) to describe an action that was in progress at a specific time in the past.
中文: 使用過去進行式(was/were + 動詞-ing)來描述過去某個特定時間點正在進行的動作。
She was reading a book in her room.
她那時正在房間裡看書。
EN: Coastal cliff walks are extremely popular in England, especially along scenic paths such as the South West Coast Path in Devon.
中文: 沿海懸崖健行在英格蘭非常受歡迎,特別是沿著德文郡著名的西南海岸步道(South West Coast Path)漫步,是當地人和遊客喜愛的戶外活動。
EN: Use 'was' with two adjectives connected by 'and' (calm and blue) to describe how something looked or felt in the past.
中文: 使用 past tense 的「was」搭配由「and」連接的兩個形容詞(calm 和 blue),用來描述過去某個事物的狀態或特徵。
The sky was clear and bright yesterday.
昨天的天空晴朗而明亮。
EN: In British English, 'autumn' is the standard word for the season between summer and winter, whereas American English more commonly uses 'fall'.
中文: 在英國英語中,「autumn」是秋季的標準說法;而美式英語中則更常使用「fall」來指稱秋天。
EN: Use 'see + someone/something + verb-ing' to describe seeing an action in progress.
中文: 使用「see + 人/物 + 動詞-ing」的句型,表示「看見某人或某物正在做某個動作」。
I saw birds flying in the sky.
我看到鳥兒在天空中飛翔。
EN: Use 'out of' to show movement from inside a space to the outside.
中文: 使用「out of」來表示「從……裡面移動到外面」的方向或動作。
The frog jumped out of the box.
青蛙從盒子裡跳了出來。
EN: Use 'was + verb-ing' (Past Continuous) to describe an action that was in progress at a specific moment in the past.
中文: 使用「was + 動詞-ing」(過去進行式)來表示過去某個特定時刻正在進行的動作。
The cat was chasing a mouse.
那隻貓當時正在追一隻老鼠。
EN: In English, the word 'fish' can be both singular and plural. When referring to multiple individuals of the same species or a general group of fish, 'fish' remains unchanged without adding '-es'.
中文: 在英文中,「fish」單複數同形。當指稱同一種類或一群一般的魚時,複數依然是「fish」,不需加「-es」。
EN: Use the structure '[Subject] + was/were + [adjective] + on top / on the bottom' to describe the colors or features of different parts of an object or animal.
中文: 使用「主詞 + was/were + 形容詞 + on top / on the bottom」的結構,可以用來描述物體或動物不同部位的顏色或外觀特徵。
The cake was white on top and pink on the bottom.
這個蛋糕頂部是白色的,底部是粉紅色的。
EN: This coloration pattern (dark on top, light/silver on the bottom) is known in biology as 'countershading'. From above, the dark back blends with deep water; from below, the silvery belly blends with sunlight hitting the surface, protecting the fish from predators and prey.
中文: 這種「背部深色、腹部銀白」的體色在生物學中稱為「反蔭蔽」(countershading)。由上往下看時,深色背部能融入深海;由下往上看時,銀白色腹部則能融入陽光照耀的水面,是許多海洋生物保護自己或伏擊獵物的天然偽裝。
EN: We use 'and' to connect two past actions done by the same subject: [Subject] + [Verb 1 (past)] + and + [Verb 2 (past)].
中文: 我們可以用「and」來連接同一主詞連續發生的兩個過去動作:[主詞] + [過去式動詞 1] + and + [過去式動詞 2]。
He jumped into the pool and made a big splash.
他跳進泳池裡,激起了一大片水花。
EN: The idiom 'make a splash' literally means to cause water to scatter noisily, but figuratively it means to attract a lot of attention or make a strong impression (e.g., 'The new movie made a big splash'). Here, it is used in its literal sense.
中文: 片語「make a splash」字面意思是激起水花,但在英語中也常用作引申義,表示「引起轟動」或「造成強烈反響」(例如:這部新電影大受歡迎)。本句中則是使用其原始的字面意義。
EN: The phrase 'one after another' is an idiom used to describe actions or events happening in quick succession, one following the other.
中文: 片語「one after another」是一個常見的習慣用語,意思是「一個接一個地」或「接二連三地」,用來形容動作或事件連續發生。
The cars passed by, one after another.
汽車一輛接著一輛地開了過去。
EN: The noun 'tuna' has the same form in both singular and plural. We know it is plural here because of the demonstrative 'these' and the plural verb 'are'.
中文: 名詞「tuna」(鮪魚)是單複數同型的字。在句子中,我們可以透過指示詞「these」(這些)和複數動詞「are」得知這裡的 tuna 是複數。
These sheep are very friendly.
這些綿羊非常友善。
EN: Atlantic bluefin tuna are among the largest and fastest predators in the ocean. Once common in British waters, they disappeared for decades due to overfishing, and their recent return is celebrated as a major conservation milestone.
中文: 大西洋黑鮪魚是海洋中體型最大且游速最快的掠食性魚類之一。牠們曾常見於英國海域,後因過度捕撈而絕跡數十年,近年重新現蹤被視為海洋保育的重要里程碑。
EN: Use the pattern 'Subject + be verb + Adjective + Noun' to describe what someone or something is like.
中文: 使用「主詞 + be 動詞 + 形容詞 + 名詞」的句型來描述某人或某物的特徵或樣貌。
They are friendly dogs.
牠們是友善的狗。
EN: While 'monstrous' can mean evil or scary (like a monster), in descriptive English it is often used informally to emphasize something that is extraordinarily large, shocking, or gigantic in scale.
中文: 雖然「monstrous」字面上常聯想到怪物、可怕的,但在描述性英語中,它也常被用來生動強調某物「體型異常巨大」或「極為驚人」。
EN: Use 'can' + base verb to talk about ability or possibility. When connecting two actions with 'and', you don't need to repeat 'can'.
中文: 使用「can + 原形動詞」來表示能力或可能性。當用「and」連接兩個動作時,第二個動作前不需要重複使用「can」。
Birds can fly high and see very far.
鳥兒可以飛得很高,也能看得很遠。
EN: In the UK, both metric and imperial units are widely used: meters are common for general size or distance, while road speeds and animal speeds are frequently given in 'miles per hour' (mph). Also note the British spelling 'metres' (compared to American 'meters').
中文: 在英國,公制與英制常混合使用:一般尺寸或短距離常用公尺(meters),但道路車速與動物奔游速度常使用「英里/小時」(miles per hour)。此外,這裡使用的是英式拼法「metres」(美式為「meters」)。
EN: Use 'up to' before a number to mean the maximum limit or amount.
中文: 在數字前面加上「up to」,表示上限,意思是「高達」或「長達」。
This phone can last up to two days.
這支手機最多可以使用長達兩天。
EN: Use 'like + noun' to make a comparison, meaning 'similar to' or 'in the same way as'.
中文: 使用「like + 名詞」來進行比喻,意思是「就像……一樣」或「如同……一般」。
He swims like a fish.
他游起泳來像條魚一樣。
EN: The collective noun 'pack' is typically used for canines like wolves or dogs (e.g., 'a pack of wolves'). Using 'hunt in a pack' to describe fish emphasizes their highly coordinated and aggressive team-hunting strategy, which is unusual for many solitary ocean predators.
中文: 名詞「pack」通常用來形容犬科動物的群體(例如「a pack of wolves」狼群)。用「hunt in a pack」(成群結隊獵捕)來形容魚類,生動突顯了藍鰭鮪魚如陸地掠食者般緊密合作、分工包抄的特殊捕食習性。
EN: Use 'and then' to connect two actions that happen in sequence. In this sentence, the subject 'They' performs the first action ('push...') and then performs the second action ('eat...').
中文: 使用「and then」(然後)來連接兩個按照順序發生的動作。在這個句子中,主詞「They」先做第一個動作(推……),接著再做第二個動作(吃……)。
He washes the apples and then eats them.
他把蘋果洗乾淨,然後吃掉它們。
EN: Use 'were + adjective' to talk about a state or condition that was true in the past, especially when referring to plural subjects. Note that 'tuna' has the same form in singular and plural.
中文: 使用「were + 形容詞」來描述過去複數主詞的狀態或情況。請注意,tuna(金槍魚)的單複數同形,在此處作複數主詞使用。
Wolves were common in this forest many years ago.
許多年前,狼在這座森林裡很常見。
EN: In English, 'waters' in plural often refers to the sea or ocean area belonging to or near a specific country, such as 'British waters' or 'coastal waters'.
中文: 在英語中,water 使用複數形式 waters 時,通常指特定國家或地區管轄、鄰近的「海域」或「水域」,例如 British waters 即指「英國海域」。
EN: Use 'too many' before plural countable nouns (or pronouns representing them) to express that the quantity is more than desirable or needed.
中文: 「too many」用於可數複數名詞(或代表可數名詞的代名詞)之前,表示數量「太多」,通常帶有超出適當或需要限度的語氣。
He ate too many apples.
他吃了太多蘋果。
EN: Use the adverb 'almost' before a verb to mean that an action was very close to happening, but didn't completely happen.
中文: 副詞「almost」(幾乎、差點)常放在動詞前面,表示某件事非常接近發生,或幾乎達到某種狀態。
He almost missed the bus.
他差點錯過了公車。
EN: Use 'stop someone from doing something' to say that an action or rule prevents a person from doing an activity.
中文: 使用「stop + 某人 + from + 動名詞 (-ing)」句型,表示阻止或防止某人做某件事。
The rain stopped us from playing tennis.
這場雨阻止了我們去打網球。
EN: In environmental and maritime conservation in the UK and Europe, fishing quotas and regulations are strictly used to protect endangered species, such as the Atlantic bluefin tuna, helping marine populations recover.
中文: 在英國與歐洲的海洋保育政策中,漁業配額與嚴格規定常被用來保護瀕危物種(例如大西洋黑鮪魚),以防止過度捕撈並協助海洋生態復育。
EN: The word 'tuna' has the same form in singular and plural. Here, it is plural because it uses the plural verb 'are'. Together with 'coming', 'are coming' forms the present continuous tense (be + verb-ing) to describe an action happening now.
中文: 單字「tuna」(鮪魚)單複數同形。在這裡它指的是複數,因此搭配複數動詞「are」。「are coming」為現在進行式(be + 動詞-ing),用來表示目前正在發生的動作或趨勢。
The birds are coming back in spring.
鳥兒們在春天正在飛回來。
EN: Bluefin tuna were historically abundant around the British Isles, but overfishing caused numbers to drop drastically in the mid-20th century. Recent conservation regulations have allowed their populations to slowly recover, marking a notable environmental success.
中文: 藍鰭鮪魚過去曾大量出現在不列顛群島周邊,但在20世紀中葉因過度捕撈而急劇減少。近年來透過嚴格的保育法規限制,牠們的數量開始回升,被視為英國海洋生態復育的重要成果。
EN: The noun 'news' looks plural because of the '-s', but it is uncountable in English. We say 'good news' without 'a', and we use singular verbs with it.
中文: 名詞「news」(消息、新聞)結尾雖然有 -s,但它是不可數名詞。前面不能加「a」,也不能接複數動詞,因此要說「This is good news」而不是「This is a good news」。
This is great news for our school.
這對我們學校來說是個好消息。
EN: In geography and maritime contexts, 'waters' in the plural form refers to a specific area of the sea belonging to or near a particular country (e.g., 'British waters').
中文: 在地理和海洋脈絡中,「water」常以複數形式「waters」出現,用來指特定國家管轄或鄰近的「領海、海域」(例如「British waters」意為「英國水域」)。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中: 懸崖;峭壁
在本文中: 水面;表面
在本文中: 巨大的;龐大的
在本文中: 猛烈撞擊;嘩啦一聲跌落
在本文中: 濺起的水花;落水聲
在本文中: 常見的;普遍的
在本文中: 消失;滅絕不見
在本文中: 野生動物(或植物)
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
To leap or move quickly outwards from inside something.
從……跳出來
Following each other in quick succession.
一個接一個地;接連不斷地
Together as a coordinated group of animals.
成群地;結隊(獵食)
A large, endangered species of tuna native to the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.
大西洋黑鮪魚;大西洋藍鰭鮪魚
To return to a place, state, or condition.
重返;回歸