EN： The sentence uses the reporting verb 'warn' followed by a 'that'-noun clause, which functions as the direct object of the verb and explains what was warned.
中文： 本句使用了报道动词「warn」（警告），后接由「that」引导的名词子句作为宾语，用来说明警告的具体内容。
Experts have warned that extreme weather will become more frequent.
专家警告说，极端天气将会变得更加频繁。
EN： The modal verb 'could' is used here to express possibility or potential future consequences rather than past ability.
中文： 情态动词「could」在此处表示可能性或未来的潜在后果，而非过去的能力。
This new policy could lead to significant economic growth.
这项新政策可能会带来显著的经济增长。
EN： The Guardian is a major British daily newspaper known for its left-leaning perspective and independent investigative journalism. References to 'The Guardian' in UK news typically carry authority on policy and technological critique.
中文： 《卫报》（The Guardian）是英国极具影响力的大报之一，以中间偏左的政治立场和深入的调查报道闻名。在英国媒体与公共政策讨论中，提及《卫报》通常代表具有一定权威性的分析或警示。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'such as' is used to introduce specific examples that illustrate a broader category ('developers'). It can be placed directly after the noun it exemplifies.
中文： 介词短语「such as」用于举例说明前面提到的广泛类别（此处为「developers」开发者），通常直接紧接在所说明的名词后面。
Tech giants such as Apple and Google invest heavily in artificial intelligence.
像苹果和谷歌这样的科技巨头在人工智能领域投入了巨资。
EN： The word 'that' introduces a restrictive relative clause ('that businesses can use almost for free') modifying the noun phrase 'new open-weight models'. In this clause, 'that' functions as the direct object of the verb 'use'.
中文： 「that」引导关系从句（形容词从句）「that businesses can use almost for free」，用来修饰前面的先行词「new open-weight models」（新开放权重模型）。在此从句中，「that」充当动词「use」的宾语。
Here are the tools that students can download without any cost.
这些是学生可以免费下载的工具。
EN： In recent AI terminology, 'open-weight models' refer to AI systems where the parameters (weights) are publicly shared, allowing users to run or fine-tune them locally without recurring API subscription costs, contrasting with proprietary models like OpenAI's GPT-4.
中文： 在当前的人工智能术语中，“开放权重模型”（open-weight models）是指公开模型参数（权重）的 AI 系统。使用者可以下载到本机执行或微调，无需支付昂贵的持续 API 订阅费用，这与 OpenAI 的 GPT-4 等封闭式专有模型形成鲜明对比。
EN： The conjunction 'because' introduces an adverbial clause of reason, explaining why the main clause action or state ('These models are popular') occurs.
中文： 从属连词 'because' 引导原因状语从句，用来解释主句所描述的状态或动作（'These models are popular'）发生的原因。
He chose this laptop because it has excellent battery life.
他选择这台笔记本电脑，是因为它有极佳的电池续航力。
EN： The preposition 'without' is followed by a gerund ('paying') to indicate an action that does not occur during or alongside the main action.
中文： 介词 'without' 后接动名词（V-ing，如此处的 'paying'），用以表示“没有做某事”或在不做某动作的情况下完成某事。
You cannot enter the building without showing your ID.
不出示身份证件，你便无法进入该大楼。
EN： In British English, the noun is spelled 'licence' (with a 'c'), whereas the verb is spelled 'license' (with an 's'). In American English, 'license' is standard for both the noun and the verb forms.
中文： 在英式英语中，名词拼写为 'licence'（以 c 结尾），动词则为 'license'（以 s 结尾）；但在美式英语中，无论名词或动词皆统一拼写为 'license'。
EN： The verb 'compare' is commonly paired with the preposition 'to' (compare A to B) when highlighting similarities or likening one thing to another.
中文： 动词「compare」常与介词「to」搭配使用（compare A to B），表示「将 A 比作 B」，强调两者之间的相似之处。
The teacher compared the human brain to a complex computer.
老师将人脑比作一台复杂的电脑。
EN： The relative pronoun 'which' introduces a non-defining (non-restrictive) relative clause, preceded by a comma, to provide extra descriptive information about 'Chinese electric cars'.
中文： 关系代词「which」在此引导非限定关系从句，前方带有逗号，用来对先行词「Chinese electric cars」（中国电动车）补充说明额外信息。
He bought a new smartphone, which was much cheaper than his previous one.
他买了一部新智能手机，这部手机比他上一部便宜得多。
EN： In Western media discussions about international trade, Chinese electric vehicles (EVs) are frequently referenced as a key case study. They symbolize highly competitive pricing subsidized by state support, which sparks debates over market disruption and national security in markets like Britain and the European Union.
中文： 在西方媒体讨论国际贸易时，中国电动车常被作为典型案例提及。它们代表凭借国家补贴带来的极具竞争力价格，这在英国与欧盟等市场引发了关于市场冲击与国家安全的广泛讨论。
EN： The rhetorical idiom 'What is not to like?' (often contracted as 'What's not to like?') is used to emphasize that something is completely positive, attractive, or has no obvious downsides.
中文： 反问修辞片语「What is not to like?」（常缩写为 What's not to like?）意思是「这有什么不好的？／哪里不好？」，用来强调某件事物非常棒、具有强大吸引力，或是毫无明显缺点。
Free food, great music, and friendly people—what is not to like?
免费的美食、很棒的音乐和友善的人们——这有什么不好的呢？
EN： Adverbial clause of time introduced by 'when': 'when they see the low prices' functions as an adverb modifying the main verb 'ask', indicating the specific moment or condition under which the action takes place.
中文： 由「when」引导的时间副词子句：「when they see the low prices」在此作副词修饰主要动词「ask」，指明主要动作发生的特定时机或条件（当他们看到低廉的价格时）。
Customers often make quick decisions when they find a good discount.
当顾客发现不错的折扣时，往往会迅速做出决定。
EN： The phrase 'What's not to like?' originally gained widespread popularity through Yiddish-influenced American English and later entered general British English. In commercial contexts, it reflects consumer pragmatism where immediate low costs often overshadow broader economic, security, or geopolitical implications.
中文： 「What's not to like?」最初源自带有犹太意第绪语色彩的美式英语口语，后来广泛融入英式英语中。在商业与消费语境中，这句话生动展现了普通消费者的务实心态——当眼前价格极具吸引力时，往往容易忽视背后潜在的经济依赖、数据安全或地缘政治风险。
EN： Passive Voice ('are supported by'): Formed using 'be' + past participle, this structure is used when the focus is on the recipient of the action (Chinese electric cars) rather than the agent performing it (Beijing). The agent is introduced using 'by'.
中文： 被动语态（'are supported by'）：结构为「be 动词 + 过去分词」，用于将焦点放在承受动作的对象（中国电动车）上，而非执行动作的主体（北京）。执行主体则由介词「by」引导。
Local farmers are supported by the government through subsidies.
当地农民通过补贴受到政府的支持。
EN： Infinitive of Purpose ('to increase ... and weaken ...'): The infinitive 'to + verb' explains the objective or reason behind an action. Here, two parallel verbs ('increase' and 'weaken') share the marker 'to' to show dual purposes.
中文： 表目的的不定词（'to increase ... and weaken ...'）：「to + 原形动词」可用来表达动作的目的或动机。此处通过对等连接词「and」并列两个动词（increase 和 weaken），共同共享一个「to」，用以表示双重目的。
He studied hard to pass the exam and secure a scholarship.
他努力读书是为了通过考试并获得奖学金。
EN： In international news and geopolitical reporting, capital cities are frequently used as metonyms for national governments (e.g., 'Beijing' refers to the Chinese government, just as 'Washington' refers to the US government or 'London' to the UK government).
中文： 在国际新闻与地缘政治报道中，首都名称常被用作借喻（metonymy），代表该国政府。例如此处的「北京」即指代「中国政府」，类似于用「华盛顿」指代美国政府或用「伦敦」指代英国政府。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'According to + noun/pronoun' is used to attribute information, opinions, or statements to a specific source or person. It is often placed at the beginning of a sentence followed by a comma.
中文： 介词短语「According to + 名词/代词」用于指出信息、意见或陈述的来源，通常放在句首并用逗号与主句隔开，意思是「根据……的说法」。
According to the report, renewable energy usage increased significantly last year.
根据这份报告，去年可再生能源的使用量显著增加。
EN： The idiom 'take something to a higher level' (or 'take sth to the next level') means to improve something, intensify it, or escalate its scale/severity.
中文： 短语「take something to a higher level」（或 take sth to the next level）意为「将某事物提升到更高境界」或「使某情况升级／加剧」。在此句中表示将威胁的严重程度提高至另一个层次。
Continuous training took their team performance to a higher level.
持续的训练使他们的团队表现提升到了更高水准。
EN： The term 'Western business' refers broadly to commercial enterprises in North America and Western Europe. In current geopolitical and economic discussions, Western businesses are often contrasted with state-subsidized Chinese tech companies in debates over market competition, intellectual property, and technological decoupling.
中文： 「Western business」（西方企业）泛指北美及西欧国家的商业体系。在当前地缘政治与经济讨论中，西方企业常在市场竞争、知识产权与科技脱钩等议题上，被拿来与受国家补贴的中国科技企业进行对比。
EN： The conjunction 'while' is used here to show a direct contrast between two contrasting ideas or facts (Western technology vs. Chinese technology), meaning 'whereas'.
中文： 从属连词「while」在此处用来表示对比（相当于 whereas），连接两个在某方面形成鲜明对比的子句，意为「而……」或「反之」。
Some people prefer to save their money, while others spend it immediately.
有些人喜欢把钱存起来，而有些人则立刻花掉。
EN： Ellipsis with modal verbs: 'may not' omits the repeated verb phrase 'come with some effort to provide cybersecurity' to avoid redundancy in discourse.
中文： 情态助动词后的省略结构：句末的「may not」省略了前文已出现的动词短语「come with some effort to provide cybersecurity」，以避免冗长和重复。
He thinks the system will work well, but experts say it may not.
他认为该系统会运作良好，但专家表示可能不会。
EN： In Western discourse on technology policy, 'cybersecurity' is often framed as a core regulatory and compliance requirement (e.g., GDPR in Europe). Critiques of cheaper foreign or state-subsidized tech often center around hidden security trade-offs, such as backdoors, data leakage, or lack of software patches.
中文： 在西方关于科技政策的公共讨论中，「网络安全」（cybersecurity）常被视为不可或缺的法規与合规标准（例如欧洲的 GDPR）。对于价格低廉或获国家补贴的外国科技产品，西方舆论经常质疑其背后可能隐含的资安妥协，例如后门程序、资料外泄或缺乏后续安全维护更新。
EN： The verb 'argue' is followed by a 'that'-noun clause acting as the direct object, reporting the writer's opinion or claim: 'argues that + [clause]'.
中文： 动词「argue」（主张、论证）后接由「that」引导的名词子句作为宾语，用来陈述作者的观点或论点，构成「argues that + [子句]」的结构。
The report suggests that renewable energy is becoming more affordable.
该报告表明可再生能源正变得更加实惠。
EN： 'Before' functions as a subordinating conjunction introducing an adverbial time clause ('before British companies decide...'). In time clauses referring to the future, the present simple tense ('decide') is used.
中文： 「before」在此作为从属连接词，引导时间副词子句（before British companies decide...）。注意在表示将来情况的时间副词子句中，通常使用现在简单式（如 decide）代替未来式。
Please review the contract before you sign it.
请在签署合同之前先审阅一遍。
EN： In Western journalistic discourse (such as The Guardian), writers frequently use reporting verbs like 'argues' or 'suggests' paired with 'risk analysis' to frame cautionary warnings about adopting foreign tech infrastructure, reflecting ongoing cybersecurity debates.
中文： 在西方新闻报道（如《卫报》）中，作者常用“argues”（主张）搭配“risk analysis”（风险分析）等专业词汇来对采纳外部技术基础设施提出审慎警告，这反映了西方近期针对国家安全与科技供应链风险的广泛辩论。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中： 警告；告誡
在本文中： 風險；危險
在本文中： 開發者；研發人員
在本文中： 發布；推出
在本文中： 許可證；軟體授權
在本文中： 車輛；交通工具
在本文中： 出口；輸出
在本文中： 削弱；減弱
在本文中： 威脅；威脅來源
在本文中： 網絡安全；資訊安全
在本文中： 分析
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
Computer systems able to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
人工智能
AI models whose neural network weights are made publicly accessible for users to run or modify.
开放权重模型
Used to say that something is very appealing, attractive, or has no obvious flaws.
有何不可；何乐而不为；这还有什么好挑剔的
To improve something or make it more intense, significant, or advanced.
提升到更高的层次；使…更加升级／严重
The process of identifying, assessing, and analyzing potential hazards or uncertainties.
风险分析