‘This keeps the dream alive’: the bands sleeping at venues to make touring work‘Ini memastikan impian terus hidup’: kumpulan muzik yang tidur di tempat persembahan demi meneruskan siri jelajah
Pratonton Audio Lengkap
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EN: The Present Perfect Tense (have/has + past participle) is used here to describe a change that started in the past and continues to be true or relevant in the present.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala Kini Sempurna (have/has + past participle) digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan perubahan yang bermula pada masa lalu dan berterusan hingga kini, atau yang masih memberi kesan kepada masa kini.
The weather has become much colder recently.
Cuaca telah menjadi lebih sejuk kebelakangan ini.
EN: The comparative adjective 'harder' is modified by 'much' to emphasize a significant degree of difference.
Bahasa Melayu: Adjektif perbandingan "harder" (lebih sukar) diubah suai oleh "much" untuk menekankan perbezaan yang ketara dalam tahap.
Learning a new language is much easier with a teacher.
Dengan bimbingan guru, mempelajari bahasa baharu akan menjadi lebih mudah.
EN: In the UK music industry, 'grassroots' or 'small acts' refer to independent musicians who perform in small venues. These artists are currently facing significant financial pressure due to the 'cost of living crisis,' a term widely used in the UK to describe the fall in real disposable income since late 2021.
EN: The structure 'make + it + adjective + for someone + to do something' uses 'it' as a preparatory object (dummy object). This is used when the real object is an infinitive phrase (to afford...) which is too long to place before the adjective.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur "make + it + adjective + for someone + to do something" menggunakan 'it' sebagai objek pendahulu (objek palsu). Apabila objek sebenar ialah frasa infinitif (to afford...) dan agak panjang, ia dialihkan ke belakang dan 'it' digunakan di tempat asalnya.
The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go hiking.
Hujan lebat menjadikan mustahil bagi kami untuk mendaki.
EN: The phrase 'on the road' is an idiom commonly used in the music and travel industry to refer to being on tour or traveling for long periods for work.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa "on the road" ialah simpulan bahasa yang biasa digunakan dalam industri muzik dan pelancongan, merujuk kepada sedang dalam jelajah atau dalam perjalanan jauh kerana kerja.
The band spent six months on the road promoting their new album.
Kumpulan muzik itu menghabiskan enam bulan dalam jelajah untuk mempromosikan album baharu mereka.
EN: The 'cost of living crisis' is a specific term widely used in the UK since 2021 to describe the fall in 'real' disposable incomes due to high inflation, particularly affecting energy and food prices.
EN: The verb 'struggle' is often followed by a 'to-infinitive' (to + base verb) to indicate that someone is finding it difficult to achieve a specific action.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja "struggle" biasanya diikuti oleh "infinitif" (to + kata kerja dasar) untuk menunjukkan bahawa seseorang sedang berusaha dengan susah payah untuk mencapai sesuatu tindakan tertentu.
He struggles to wake up early on Monday mornings.
Dia sukar untuk bangun awal pada pagi Isnin.
EN: The preposition 'like' is used here to introduce examples, functioning similarly to 'such as'.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi "like" digunakan di sini untuk memperkenalkan contoh, berfungsi sama seperti "such as" (seperti).
I enjoy outdoor activities like hiking and cycling.
Saya suka aktiviti luar seperti mendaki dan berbasikal.
EN: In the UK, the 'cost of living crisis' refers to a period starting in 2021 where prices for essential goods like food and energy rose much faster than household income, severely impacting the arts and music industry.
EN: The phrase 'a growing number of' is used with plural countable nouns to indicate that the quantity is increasing. It functions as a quantifier and is followed by a plural verb.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa "a growing number of" digunakan dengan kata nama boleh bilang jamak untuk menunjukkan kuantiti yang semakin meningkat. Ia berfungsi sebagai penentu dan diikuti oleh kata kerja jamak.
A growing number of people are choosing to work from home.
Semakin ramai orang memilih untuk bekerja dari rumah.
EN: A relative clause starting with 'that' is used here to provide more information about the 'simple solution'. 'That' acts as the subject of the clause.
Bahasa Melayu: Di sini, klausa relatif yang bermula dengan "that" digunakan untuk memberikan maklumat lanjut tentang "penyelesaian mudah". "That" berfungsi sebagai subjek dalam klausa tersebut.
I have a plan that could help us save money.
Saya ada satu rancangan yang mungkin membantu kami menjimatkan wang.
EN: The term 'grassroots venues' in the UK refers to small, independent music spaces that are essential for new artists to gain experience. The 'Music Venue Trust' is a real charity that works to protect these venues from closing due to financial pressures like rising rent or energy costs.
EN: The Present Perfect Tense (have/has + past participle) is used here to describe an action that started in the past and continues to the present or has relevance now.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala Kini Sempurna (have/has + past participle) digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan tindakan yang bermula pada masa lalu dan berterusan hingga kini, atau yang berkaitan dengan masa kini.
The local government has started to renovate the old theater.
Kerajaan tempatan telah memulakan pengubahsuaian teater lama itu.
EN: A Relative Clause starting with 'who' is used to provide more information about the preceding noun 'musicians'.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa relatif yang bermula dengan 'who' digunakan untuk memberikan maklumat lanjut tentang anteseden 'musicians' (pemuzik).
I know a chef who works at that famous restaurant.
Saya mengenali seorang chef yang bekerja di restoran terkenal itu.
EN: In the UK, 'grassroots music venues' are essential for the development of new talent. However, many are facing financial closure due to rising costs. This initiative by the Music Venue Trust aims to protect the cultural ecosystem by making touring more affordable.
EN: The Present Perfect Tense (has/have + past participle) is used here to describe a recent action that has an effect on the present. In news reporting, it often introduces a new event.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala Kini Sempurna (has/have + past participle) digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan tindakan yang berlaku baru-baru ini dan memberi kesan kepada masa kini. Dalam laporan berita, ia sering digunakan untuk memperkenalkan peristiwa baharu.
The government has announced a new policy to help students.
Kerajaan telah mengumumkan dasar baharu untuk membantu pelajar.
EN: The 'to-infinitive' (to + verb) is used here as an adverbial of purpose, explaining 'why' the charity announced the scheme.
Bahasa Melayu: Infinitif (to + kata kerja) digunakan di sini sebagai keterangan tujuan, menerangkan "mengapa" organisasi itu mengumumkan rancangan tersebut.
He saved money to buy a new guitar.
Dia menyimpan wang untuk membeli gitar baharu.
EN: The Music Venue Trust is a UK registered charity that works to protect, secure, and improve grassroots music venues. These venues are essential for the development of new talent but often face financial struggles.
EN: Present Continuous Passive: This structure (am/is/are + being + past participle) is used to describe an action that is currently in progress where the subject is receiving the action rather than performing it.
Bahasa Melayu: Suara Pasif Kini Berterusan: Struktur ini (am/is/are + being + past participle) digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan yang sedang berlaku pada masa ini, di mana subjek ialah penerima tindakan, bukan pelaku.
The old bridge is being repaired by the workers this week.
Jambatan lama itu sedang dibaiki oleh pekerja minggu ini.
EN: Prepositional Phrases as Modifiers: The phrases 'inside venues' and 'with bunk beds and shower facilities' act as adjectives to provide more detail about the nouns 'rooms' and 'bedrooms'.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa Sendi sebagai Penerang: Frasa "inside venues" (di dalam venue) dan "with bunk beds and shower facilities" (dengan katil bertingkat dan kemudahan mandi) berfungsi sebagai adjektif, masing-masing memberikan butiran lanjut tentang kata nama "rooms" dan "bedrooms".
The house with the red door is my uncle's home.
Rumah yang mempunyai pintu merah itu ialah rumah bapa saudara saya.
EN: In the UK, 'grassroots music venues' are small, independent spaces crucial for new artists to develop. Due to the 'cost of living crisis', many of these venues and touring artists are struggling financially, leading to creative solutions like the one described by the Music Venue Trust.
EN: Appositives are nouns or noun phrases that rename or provide more information about another noun right next to it. In this sentence, 'the chief executive of the Music Venue Trust' is an appositive for 'Mark Davyd', separated by commas.
Bahasa Melayu: Apositif (Appositives) ialah kata nama atau frasa kata nama yang mengikuti kata nama lain untuk menamakan semula atau memberikan maklumat lanjut. Dalam ayat ini, "the chief executive of the Music Venue Trust" ialah apositif bagi "Mark Davyd" dan dipisahkan dengan koma.
Mr. Smith, my English teacher, is very kind.
Encik Smith, guru Bahasa Inggeris saya, sangat baik hati.
EN: Indirect questions function as noun clauses. When a question like 'Why does this matter?' is used as an object, it changes to statement word order (subject + verb): 'why this matters'.
Bahasa Melayu: Soalan tidak langsung berfungsi sebagai klausa kata nama. Apabila soalan seperti "Mengapa ini penting?" digunakan sebagai objek, ia berubah kepada susunan ayat penyata (subjek + kata kerja): 'why this matters'.
I don't know where he lives.
Saya tidak tahu di mana dia tinggal.
EN: The Music Venue Trust is a UK registered charity that acts to protect, secure, and improve grassroots music venues. In the UK, these small venues are seen as the 'research and development' department of the music industry, where new talent is discovered.
EN: The sentence uses 'that' as a conjunction to introduce a noun clause (reported speech). It functions as the object of the verb 'said'.
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini menggunakan 'that' sebagai kata hubung untuk memperkenalkan klausa kata nama (cakap tak langsung), yang berfungsi sebagai objek bagi kata kerja 'said'.
She said that the concert was amazing.
Dia berkata bahawa konsert itu sangat hebat.
EN: The present continuous tense (are limiting) is used here to describe an ongoing situation or a current trend that is happening now.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala Kini Berterusan (are limiting) digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan trend atau keadaan yang sedang berlaku atau semasa.
High taxes are limiting the growth of small businesses.
Cukai yang tinggi sedang mengehadkan pertumbuhan perniagaan kecil.
EN: In the UK music industry, 'grassroots' venues and small-scale touring are essential for artist development. However, the 'cost of living crisis' in the UK has made travel and lodging disproportionately expensive for independent musicians, leading to the need for initiatives like the Music Venue Trust scheme.
EN: The phrase 'This is true' is often used to confirm a statement or situation. Adding 'especially' (an adverb) emphasizes that the statement is particularly applicable in a specific context.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa "This is true" sering digunakan untuk mengesahkan sesuatu kenyataan atau keadaan. Penambahan kata keterangan "especially" (terutamanya) menekankan bahawa kenyataan itu amat sesuai dalam konteks tertentu.
The weather is cold, and this is especially true in the mountains.
Cuaca sangat sejuk, terutamanya di kawasan pergunungan.
EN: The structure 'there may not be' combines the existential 'there is/are' with the modal verb 'may' (expressing possibility) and the negative 'not'. It indicates that something possibly does not exist.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur "there may not be" menggabungkan ayat wujud "there is/are" dengan kata kerja bantu modal "may" (menunjukkan kemungkinan) dan kata nafi "not". Ia menunjukkan bahawa sesuatu mungkin tidak wujud.
There may not be enough time to finish the project today.
Mungkin tidak ada masa yang cukup hari ini untuk menyiapkan projek ini.
EN: In the UK, 'guesthouses' are often smaller, family-run establishments similar to Bed and Breakfasts (B&Bs). They are common in rural areas where large hotel chains may not find it profitable to operate.
EN: The verb 'aim' is often followed by an infinitive (to + verb) to express a purpose or goal. In this sentence, 'aims to improve' shows the objective of the scheme.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja "aim" biasanya diikuti oleh infinitif (to + kata kerja) untuk menyatakan tujuan atau sasaran. Dalam ayat ini, "aims to improve" menunjukkan matlamat program tersebut.
The new law aims to protect the environment.
Undang-undang baharu ini bertujuan untuk melindungi alam sekitar.
EN: The preposition 'by' followed by a gerund (verb-ing) is used to describe the method or means by which an action is achieved.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi "by" diikuti oleh gerund (kata kerja + -ing) digunakan untuk menerangkan kaedah atau cara untuk mencapai sesuatu tindakan.
She improved her English by watching movies.
Dia meningkatkan bahasa Inggerisnya dengan menonton filem.
EN: In the context of the UK music scene, 'sustainability' refers not just to environmental concerns, but to the financial viability of grassroots music venues and independent artists who are struggling with rising operational costs.
EN: The structure 'One of the + plural noun' is used to select a single item from a group. Even though the noun following 'of' is plural (venues), the subject of the sentence is 'One', so the verb must be singular (is).
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur "One of the + kata nama jamak" digunakan untuk memilih satu item daripada sekumpulan. Walaupun kata nama selepas 'of' adalah jamak (venues), subjek ayat ialah "One", jadi kata kerja mesti menggunakan bentuk tunggal (is).
One of the students is from Japan.
Salah seorang pelajar berasal dari Jepun.
EN: The 'to-infinitive' (to join) is used here as an adjective to modify the noun 'venues'. It describes which venues are being discussed or their purpose/action.
Bahasa Melayu: Infinitif (to join) digunakan di sini sebagai adjektif untuk menerangkan kata nama "venues". Ia menerangkan venue yang mana yang sedang dibincangkan, atau tujuan dan tindakannya.
He was the last person to leave the room.
Dia ialah orang terakhir yang meninggalkan bilik itu.
EN: Norwich is a historic city in East Anglia, England. It has a vibrant independent music scene and is known for supporting grassroots arts, making it a fitting location for such a sustainability scheme.
EN: Present Continuous Passive: Formed with 'am/is/are + being + past participle', this structure describes an action currently happening to the subject.
Bahasa Melayu: Suara Pasif Kini Berterusan: Dibentuk dengan 'am/is/are + being + past participle', digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan yang sedang dialami atau sedang berlaku ke atas subjek.
The old bridge is being repaired by the workers.
Jambatan lama itu sedang dibaiki oleh pekerja pada masa ini.
EN: Compound Adjectives: Words like 'triple-stack' are hyphenated to function as a single adjective modifying a noun.
Bahasa Melayu: Adjektif Majmuk: Perkataan seperti 'triple-stack' (disusun tiga tingkat) menggunakan tanda sempang untuk berfungsi sebagai adjektif tunggal yang menerangkan kata nama selepasnya.
We stayed in a five-star hotel during our vacation.
Kami menginap di sebuah hotel bertaraf lima bintang semasa bercuti.
EN: In the UK music scene, 'grassroots' venues are essential for new talent. Due to high costs, many venues are now diversifying their space to provide accommodation, a trend supported by the Music Venue Trust to ensure the survival of live music culture.
EN: Appositives are nouns or noun phrases that follow another noun to explain or identify it. In this sentence, 'the owner of the venue' identifies who 'Ben Street' is.
Bahasa Melayu: Apositif (Appositives) ialah kata nama atau frasa kata nama yang mengikuti kata nama lain untuk menjelaskan atau mengenal pasti kata nama tersebut. Dalam ayat ini, "the owner of the venue" digunakan untuk mengenal pasti identiti "Ben Street".
Mr. Chen, my English teacher, is very kind.
Encik Tan, guru bahasa Inggeris saya, sangat baik hati.
EN: The phrasal verb 'come from' is used to indicate the origin or source of something. In the past tense 'came from', it describes where an idea or project started.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa kerja "come from" digunakan untuk menunjukkan asal usul atau sumber sesuatu. Bentuk lampau "came from" menerangkan titik permulaan sesuatu idea atau rancangan.
The idea for the movie came from a dream.
Filem ini mendapat inspirasi daripada sebuah mimpi.
EN: Reported Speech with 'that' clause: The verb 'explained' is followed by a 'that' clause which functions as the direct object, reporting what the speaker said. In this past tense context, the verbs within the clause often shift to the past (e.g., 'were trying', 'could not').
Bahasa Melayu: Cakap Tak Langsung dengan klausa 'that': Kata kerja 'explained' diikuti oleh klausa 'that' sebagai objek langsung untuk menyampaikan kandungan penutur. Dalam konteks masa lampau, kata kerja dalam klausa biasanya juga perlu ditukar kepada bentuk lampau (contohnya 'were trying', 'could not').
She explained that the project was delayed due to the weather.
Dia menjelaskan bahawa projek itu telah ditangguhkan kerana cuaca.
EN: Past Continuous Tense: Formed with 'was/were + verb-ing', it describes an action that was ongoing at a specific time in the past or a repeated trend during a past period.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala Lampau Berterusan: Dibentuk dengan 'was/were + present participle', ia menerangkan tindakan yang sedang berlaku pada masa tertentu pada masa lampau, atau trend yang berulang dalam tempoh masa lampau.
They were often traveling to different cities for work last year.
Tahun lepas, mereka sering mengembara ke bandar yang berbeza untuk bekerja.
EN: In the music industry, a 'tour party' refers to the entire group of people traveling together for a concert tour, which includes not only the musicians but also technicians, managers, and road crew. The high cost of accommodation for such a large group is a significant barrier for independent artists.
EN: Present Perfect Passive Voice: Formed by 'has/have + been + past participle'. It is used to describe an action that has happened to the subject, emphasizing the result or the current state rather than who performed the action.
Bahasa Melayu: Suara Pasif Kala Kini Sempurna: Dibentuk oleh 'has/have + been + past participle'. Ia digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan yang berlaku ke atas subjek, menekankan hasil atau keadaan semasa, bukan pelaku tindakan.
The new project has been completed by the team.
Projek baharu ini telah disiapkan oleh pasukan.
EN: Prepositional Phrases as Modifiers: The phrase 'in the music industry' acts as an adjective modifying 'people', specifying which group of people is being referred to.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa Sendi sebagai Penerang: Frasa "in the music industry" (dalam industri muzik) berfungsi sebagai adjektif yang menerangkan "people" (orang), menjelaskan kumpulan orang yang dimaksudkan.
The students in this classroom are very hardworking.
Pelajar di dalam bilik darjah ini semuanya sangat rajin.
EN: In the context of the UK music scene, 'grassroots' and 'industry' support are crucial because many small venues have faced closure due to economic pressures. The 'initiative' refers to collective efforts by organizations like the Music Venue Trust to protect the cultural ecosystem.
EN: First Conditional: Used to talk about things which might happen in the future. The structure is 'If + present simple, will/could/might + base verb'.
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat Bersyarat Jenis Pertama: Digunakan untuk membincangkan perkara yang mungkin berlaku pada masa hadapan. Strukturnya ialah "If + present simple, will/could/might + base verb".
If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.
Jika hujan esok, kami akan membatalkan piknik.
EN: Modal Verb 'Could': Used here to express possibility in the future, suggesting that the outcome is potential rather than certain.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata Kerja Bantu Modal 'Could': Digunakan di sini untuk menyatakan kemungkinan pada masa hadapan, menunjukkan bahawa hasilnya adalah berpotensi dan bukan sesuatu yang pasti.
With enough practice, you could win the competition.
Dengan latihan yang mencukupi, anda mungkin boleh memenangi pertandingan itu.
EN: In the music industry, 'acts' is a common term used to refer to performers, bands, or artists. 'Grassroots' venues are small, independent music spaces that are essential for new talent to develop but often face financial struggles in the UK.
EN: The phrase 'keep something alive' is a resultative construction where 'alive' functions as an object complement, describing the state of the object 'the dream' resulting from the action.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa "keep something alive" ialah binaan hasil di mana "alive" berfungsi sebagai objek pelengkap, menerangkan keadaan objek "the dream" (impian) yang kekal hidup/terpelihara akibat tindakan tersebut.
The community worked hard to keep the local traditions alive.
Komuniti itu bekerja keras untuk mengekalkan tradisi tempatan.
EN: Relative clauses starting with 'who' are used to provide more information about a person or group of people (in this case, 'artists').
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa relatif yang bermula dengan "who" digunakan untuk memberikan maklumat lanjut tentang seseorang atau sekumpulan orang (dalam ayat ini, "artists" - artis).
Students who study every day usually get better grades.
Pelajar yang belajar setiap hari biasanya mendapat keputusan yang lebih baik.
EN: The 'cost of living crisis' in the UK has significantly impacted the arts. Grassroots music venues and independent artists are particularly vulnerable as inflation affects travel, energy, and equipment costs, making the 'starving artist' trope a harsh reality for many.
EN: The verb 'make' is used here as a causative verb followed by an object ('live music') and an adjective ('more sustainable'). This structure (make + object + adjective) describes causing something to reach a certain state.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja "make" digunakan di sini sebagai kata kerja kausatif diikuti oleh objek (live music) dan adjektif (more sustainable). Struktur ini (make + objek + adjektif) digunakan untuk menerangkan cara menjadikan sesuatu mencapai keadaan tertentu.
The new law will make public transport more affordable.
Undang-undang baharu itu akan menjadikan pengangkutan awam lebih berpatutan.
EN: The preposition 'toward' is followed by a gerund ('making'). When a preposition is followed by an action, that action must be in the -ing form to function as a noun (gerund).
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi "toward" diikuti oleh gerund "making". Apabila kata sendi diikuti oleh tindakan, tindakan itu mesti menggunakan bentuk -ing untuk berfungsi sebagai kata nama (gerund).
We are working toward improving our service quality.
Kami sedang berusaha untuk meningkatkan kualiti perkhidmatan kami.
EN: The term 'sustainability' in the UK music industry often refers to the 'grassroots' level—small venues and independent artists who struggle financially. This scheme by the Music Venue Trust is a response to the 'cost of living crisis' affecting the British economy.
Kosa kata utama dengan sebutan IPA, definisi, contoh ayat, dan kuiz interaktif.
Dalam konteks: Akar umbi, merujuk kepada organisasi atau aktiviti yang terdiri daripada orang awam biasa, bukan golongan elit.
Dalam konteks: Penginapan, tempat tinggal.
Dalam konteks: Rancangan, program.
Dalam konteks: Diubah suai, ditukar (kegunaan).
Dalam konteks: Kemudahan, peralatan.
Dalam konteks: Luar bandar, kawasan pedalaman.
Dalam konteks: Kelestarian, kemampanan.
Dalam konteks: Berunding, merundingkan.
Dalam konteks: Inisiatif, langkah baharu.
Dalam konteks: Praktikal, boleh dilaksanakan.
Frasa dengan label jenis, definisi dwibahasa, nota penggunaan, dan contoh ayat.
A period of time where the prices of essential goods like food and energy rise faster than household income.
Krisis kos sara hidup
The lifestyle of traveling frequently, especially for work such as a touring musician.
Kehidupan dalam perjalanan, kehidupan jelajah
To continue to hope for or work towards a goal despite difficulties.
Mengekalkan impian
Over a long period of time in the future.
Dalam jangka panjang