EN: We use 'This' to talk about a singular noun (one person, place, or thing) that is close to us. It is followed by a singular verb like 'is'.
日本語: 「This」を使って、私たちの近くにある単数の名詞(人、場所、物)を指します。その後には通常、単数動詞「is」が続きます。
This book is great.
この本は素晴らしいです。
EN: Night markets are a huge part of Taiwanese culture, offering a wide variety of street food, games, and shopping. They are popular social hubs for both locals and tourists.
EN: We use 'That is...' to point out a single person, place, or thing that is far away from us.
日本語: 「That is...」(あれは…です)を使って、話し手から遠い単数の人、場所、または物を指し示します。
That is my school.
あれは私の学校です。
EN: In Taiwan, night markets and family-run food stands are a vibrant part of daily life and local culture, where multiple generations often help out.
EN: Use 'Who is...' (contracted to 'Who's') to ask about the identity of a person. 'That' is used to point out a person who is further away from the speaker.
日本語: 「Who is...」(短縮形は「Who's」)を使って、人の身元を尋ねます。「That」(あれ)は、話し手から遠い人を指すのに使います。
Who's that tall girl?
あの背の高い女の子は誰ですか?
EN: Use 'He's' (He is) to talk about a male person's identity, relationship, or job.
日本語: 「He's」(He is の短縮形)を使って、男性の身元、関係、または職業を紹介します。
He's my friend, Sam. He's a teacher.
彼は私の友人のサムです。彼は教師です。
EN: In English, the word 'cousin' is gender-neutral and can refer to both male and female relatives. Unlike in Chinese, it does not specify whether the cousin is older or younger, or from the father's or mother's side.
EN: In casual English, people often use short fragments instead of full sentences. 'A doctor?' is a short way of asking 'Is he a doctor?' to show surprise or confirm information.
日本語: 日常英語の口語では、完全な文の代わりに短いフレーズをよく使います。「A doctor?」は「Is he a doctor?」の短縮形の質問で、驚きや情報の再確認を表します。
A teacher? Wow!
先生?わあ!
EN: Using 'Cool!' is a very common and friendly way in American culture to show interest and positive feedback during a conversation.
EN: Use 'Who is...' (or the contraction 'Who's') to ask about the identity of a person. 'That' is used to point out a person who is not close to the speaker.
日本語: 「Who is...」(または短縮形の「Who's」)を使って、誰かの身元を尋ねます。「That」(あれ)は、話し手から遠い人を指すのに使います。
Who's that tall man?
あの背の高い男性は誰ですか?
EN: We use a comma before a person's name at the end of a sentence to show that the name refers to the same person we just mentioned (this is called an appositive).
日本語: 文末の人の名前の前にコンマを置いて、その名前が直前に言及した人を指すことを示します(文法的には同格と呼びます)。
He's my brother, Leo.
彼は私の兄のレオです。
EN: In English, 'aunt' can refer to your mother's sister, your father's sister, or the wife of your uncle. Unlike in Chinese, there aren't different words for maternal or paternal aunts.
EN: To ask a yes/no question with 'be' verbs (am, is, are), we put the 'be' verb at the beginning of the sentence, before the subject.
日本語: be動詞(am、is、are)を使って「はい/いいえ」で答える疑問文を作るには、be動詞を文の先頭、つまり主語の前に置きます。
Is he a teacher?
彼は教師ですか?
EN: Use 'isn't' (is not) for short negative answers, and 'She's a...' (She is a...) to state someone's job or identity.
日本語: 短い否定の答えには「isn't」(is not の短縮形)を使い、誰かの職業や身分を述べるには「She's a...」(She is a の短縮形)を使います。
No, he isn't. He's a teacher.
いいえ、彼は違います。彼は先生です。
EN: When the subject is a singular third-person pronoun (he, she, it), we add '-s' or '-es' to the action word (verb) in the present tense. For example, 'help' becomes 'helps'.
日本語: 主語が単数三人称(彼、彼女、それ)の場合、現在形では動詞(動作を表す語)の後に「-s」または「-es」を付けます。例:「help」は「helps」になります。
He plays soccer after school.
彼は放課後にサッカーをします。
EN: To ask a yes/no question with 'be' verbs (am/is/are), we put the 'be' verb at the very beginning of the sentence, before the subject.
日本語: be動詞(am/is/are)を使って「はい/いいえ」で答える質問をするには、be動詞を文の先頭に置き、主語の前に置きます。
Is that woman your teacher?
あの女性はあなたの先生ですか?
EN: We use 'Subject + is + possessive adjective (our) + noun' to show who someone is and their relationship or role in our lives.
日本語: 「主語 + is + 所有格形容詞 (our) + 名詞」のパターンを使って、誰かの身元と、彼らが私たちの生活の中で果たす役割や関係を紹介します。
Mr. Wang is our teacher.
王先生は私たちの先生です。
EN: In English, family titles like 'Uncle' are capitalized when used directly before a person's name (e.g., 'Uncle Robert'). It shows respect and is used as a proper noun.
EN: Use 'His' to show that something belongs to a male person (him). It is placed before the noun.
日本語: 「His」(彼の)を使って、何かが男性に属していることを示します。これは名詞の前に置きます。
His dog is cute.
彼の犬はかわいいです。
EN: In English, 'Mmm' is a common sound made to express that food tastes delicious, similar to 'Yum' or 'Yummy'.
EN: Use the pattern 'This is for [someone]' to hand something to a person or indicate who the recipient of a gift/item is.
日本語: 「This is for [someone]」のパターンを使って、何かを誰かに渡したり、誰が贈り物や品物の受け取り手であるかを示します。
This is for you, Mom.
お母さん、これはあなたへのものです。
EN: In English-speaking cultures, when giving a gift, it is common to say 'This is for you' with a warm smile. The recipient usually opens the gift immediately in front of the giver and expresses gratitude.
EN: In casual English, we often use short phrases instead of full sentences. 'For me?' is a short way of asking 'Is this for me?'. Rising intonation at the end turns the phrase into a question.
日本語: 日常英語では、完全な文の代わりに短いフレーズをよく使います。「For me?」は「Is this for me?」の短縮形です。文末を上げ調子にすることで、フレーズを質問に変えることができます。
A coffee? For her?
コーヒー一杯?彼女に?
EN: In Western culture, when someone gives you a gift, it is polite to express pleasant surprise (like saying 'For me?') and open the gift in front of the giver while expressing gratitude.
EN: To wish someone a happy birthday, we use the phrase 'Happy birthday' followed by a comma and the person's name.
日本語: 誰かの誕生日を祝うときは、「Happy birthday」というフレーズを使い、その後にコンマと相手の名前を続けます。
Happy birthday, Leo!
お誕生日おめでとう、レオ!
EN: In English-speaking cultures, wishing someone a happy birthday is often accompanied by a warm smile, a hug, or a small gift, reflecting a friendly and close relationship.
EN: Use 'so' before an adjective to emphasize the quality. It means 'very' or 'extremely'.
日本語: 形容詞の前に「so」を置くと、その性質を強調できます。「very」や「really」という意味になります。
Your dog is so cute.
あなたの犬は本当にかわいいです。
EN: In English, describing a family or person as 'warm' means they are friendly, kind, and make you feel welcome and comfortable.
EN: Use 'My name is...' followed by your name to introduce yourself to others. This is a standard and polite way to state your name.
日本語: 「My name is...」の後に自分の名前を続けて、他の人に自己紹介します。これは自分の名前を伝える最も標準的で礼儀正しい方法です。
My name is Leo.
私の名前はレオです。
EN: In English-speaking cultures, introducing yourself with 'My name is...' or 'I'm...' is usually accompanied by a friendly smile and sometimes a handshake in semi-formal or formal situations.
EN: Use 'I am' to talk about yourself, such as your job, age, or identity. 'I am' is often shortened to 'I'm' in spoken English.
日本語: 「I am」を使って、仕事、年齢、身分など、自分自身について話します。口語では「I'm」と短縮されることがよくあります。
I am a student.
私は学生です。
EN: In the US, 'junior high school' (often grades 7-9) and 'middle school' (often grades 6-8) both refer to the stage of education between elementary school and high school.
EN: Use 'This is...' to introduce someone or something close to you. 'My' is a possessive word showing that something belongs to you.
日本語: 「This is...」を使って、自分の近くにいる人や物を紹介します。「My」は所有格で、何かが自分に属していることを示します。
This is my friend.
これは私の友達です。
EN: In English, 'family' can refer to the immediate family (parents and siblings) or the extended family (including aunts, uncles, and cousins), depending on the context. Here, Hana is proudly introducing her family members at the busy night market.
EN: Use 'My + noun' to show that something or someone belongs to you. 'My' is a possessive adjective.
日本語: 「My + 名詞」を使って、何かや誰かが自分に属していることを示します。「My」は所有格形容詞で、「私の」という意味です。
My mother is a teacher.
私の母は先生です。
EN: Use 'in' before cities, counties, or countries to show where something or someone is located.
日本語: 都市、県、国の名前の前に前置詞「in」を使って、誰かや何かがどこにあるかを示します。
My school is in Taipei.
私の学校は台北にあります。
EN: Nantou County is located in central Taiwan and is famous for its high-quality tea production, especially Oolong tea, due to its mountainous terrain and favorable climate.
EN: Use the structure 'Subject + is + a + adjective + noun' to describe someone's role or occupation with a descriptive quality.
日本語: 「主語 + is + a + 形容詞 + 名詞」の構造を使って、誰かの役割、職業、または特質を説明します。
My father is a great teacher.
私の父は素晴らしい先生です。
EN: Use the word 'and' to connect two adjectives (describing words) like 'warm' and 'busy' to describe a person, place, or thing.
日本語: 「and」を使って、人、場所、物を同時に説明するために、「warm」や「busy」のような2つの形容詞を結びつけます。
My room is small and clean.
私の部屋は小さくて清潔です。
EN: In many cultures, the kitchen is considered the 'heart of the home' where family members gather, cook, and talk, which is why it is often described as both 'warm' (cozy) and 'busy' (active).
EN: Use the structure 'Subject + be verb (am/is/are) + Adjective' to describe a person's state, age, or characteristics. Here, 'is' connects the subject 'My grandfather' to the adjective 'old'.
日本語: 「主語 + be動詞 (am/is/are) + 形容詞」の構造を使って、人の状態、年齢、特徴を説明します。ここでは、「is」が主語「My grandfather」と形容詞「old」を結びつけています。
My brother is tall.
私の弟は背が高いです。
EN: Use 'But' at the beginning of a sentence to show a contrast or a surprising difference from the previous statement.
日本語: 文の始めに「But」を使って、前の文との対比や、驚くべき違いを示します。
He is old. But he is strong.
彼は年を取っています。しかし、彼はとても強いです。
EN: Possessive adjectives (like 'my' and 'his') are used before nouns to show who owns or is related to something or someone.
日本語: 所有格形容詞(例:「my」や「his」)は名詞の前に置き、何かや誰かが誰のものか、または誰と関係があるかを示します。
My father is his friend.
私の父は彼の友達です。
EN: Use the pattern 'Subject + be verb + a/an + adjective + singular noun' to describe what someone or something is like.
日本語: 「主語 + be動詞 + a/an + 形容詞 + 単数名詞」の文型を使って、誰かまたは何かの特徴や状態を説明します。
He is a kind doctor.
彼は親切な医者です。
EN: Use 'have' with plural subjects (like 'my parents', 'we', 'they') to show possession or family relationships.
日本語: 主語が複数(例えば「my parents」、「私たち」、「彼ら」)の場合、動詞「have」を使って所有や家族関係を示します。
They have a big family.
彼らには大家族がいます。
EN: The verb 'am' is a form of 'be' used with the subject 'I' to link the subject to a noun that describes it.
日本語: 動詞「am」は「be」動詞の一種で、主語「I」と一緒に使って、主語と、主語を説明する名詞を結びつけます。
I am a student.
私は学生です。
EN: We use the verb 'is' (a form of 'be') to link a singular subject (like 'my little brother') to a noun that describes or defines it (like 'the son').
日本語: 動詞「is」(be 動詞の一種)を使って、単数の主語(例:「my little brother」)と、それを説明または定義する名詞(例:「the son」)を結びつけます。
My sister is a teacher.
私の姉は先生です。
EN: Use 'our' to show that something belongs to 'us'. It is a possessive word that comes before a noun.
日本語: 「our」(私たちの)を使って、何かが「私たち」に属していることを表します。これは名詞の前に置く所有格代名詞です。
Our house is big.
私たちの家はとても大きいです。
EN: In many English-speaking cultures, pets are considered beloved members of the family, which is why Hana introduces their cat 'Mochi' right along with her human family members.
EN: Use 'Her' to show that something belongs to a female person or animal. It is placed before the noun.
日本語: 「Her」(彼女の)を使って、何かが女性または雌の動物に属していることを示します。これは名詞の前に置きます。
Her cat is cute.
彼女の猫はかわいいです。
EN: In English-speaking cultures, pets are often treated as family members. Therefore, people use personal pronouns like 'he' or 'she' (and possessives like 'his' or 'her') instead of 'it' to refer to them.
EN: The word 'family' can be used as an uncountable noun meaning 'part of the family' or 'family members'. In this pattern, we do not use 'a' before 'family'.
日本語: 「family」という単語は、不可算名詞として「家族の一員」や「家族」という意味で使えます。この使い方では、「family」の前に冠詞「a」を付けません。
You are family to me.
私にとって、あなたは家族です。
EN: In English-speaking cultures, pets (like the cat Mochi in this story) are often considered full members of the family. Saying 'She is family, too' shows a deep emotional bond and treats the pet with the same respect as a human family member.
EN: Use 'is' after a singular subject (like 'my cousin Leo' or 'he') to state a fact or describe someone's job.
日本語: 主語が単数(例えば「私のいとこのレオ」や「彼」)の場合、be動詞の「is」を使って事実や職業を述べます。
My friend Sarah is a student.
私の友人のサラは学生です。
EN: In English, 'cousin' can refer to both male and female relatives (cousins). Unlike Chinese, which distinguishes between '表哥/表弟/堂哥/堂弟', English uses the single word 'cousin' and often adds the name (like 'cousin Leo') to clarify who they are talking about.
EN: Using multiple adjectives before a noun: When describing someone, we can put adjectives like 'kind' (character) and 'young' (age) together before the noun 'man'.
日本語: 名詞の前に複数の形容詞を使う:誰かを説明するとき、「kind」(親切な、性格を表す)や「young」(若い、年齢を表す)などの形容詞を名詞「man」の前にまとめて置くことができます。
She is a smart young woman.
彼女は賢くて若い女性です。
EN: In English, the basic word order for simple sentences is Subject (the person doing the action) + Verb (the action) + Object (the person or thing receiving the action). Here, 'I' is the subject, 'love' is the verb, and 'my family' is the object.
日本語: 英語では、平叙文の基本的な語順は「主語(動作をする人)+ 動詞(動作)+ 目的語(動作を受ける人や物)」です。ここでは、「I」(私)が主語、「love」(愛する)が動詞、「my family」(私の家族)が目的語です。
I love my dog.
私は自分の犬を愛しています。
EN: In English-speaking cultures, expressing love for one's family directly by saying 'I love my family' or 'I love you' to family members is very common and natural in daily life.
EN: Use 'This is + person' to introduce someone to another person. It is a very common and polite way to make introductions.
日本語: 「This is + 人」を使って、誰かを他の人に紹介します。これは非常に一般的で礼儀正しい紹介の仕方です。
This is my brother, Tom.
こちらは私の弟のトムです。
EN: In English-speaking cultures, when introducing people, it is polite to introduce a younger person to an older person, or a friend to a family member first, by saying their name clearly.
EN: This is a common greeting used when meeting someone for the first time. It is a shortened version of 'It is nice to meet you.'
日本語: これは初めて誰かに会ったときに使う一般的な挨拶で、「It is nice to meet you.」の省略形です。
Nice to meet you, Robert.
はじめまして、ロバート。
EN: In English-speaking cultures, 'Nice to meet you' is strictly used for the *first* time you meet someone. For subsequent meetings, you should say 'Nice to see you again' instead.
EN: Use 'too' at the end of a sentence to mean 'also' or 'as well'. It is usually preceded by a comma.
日本語: 文の最後に「too」を付けると「もまた」「同様に」という意味になります。通常、「too」の前にはコンマを置きます。
I like apples, too.
私もリンゴが好きです。
EN: In English-speaking cultures, 'Nice to meet you, too' is the standard, polite response when someone first says 'Nice to meet you' to you. It is often accompanied by a handshake and a smile.
EN: We use 'is' after a singular name or noun (like 'Sarah') to connect it to a description or identity.
日本語: 単数の名前や名詞(例:「Sarah」)の後に「is」を使って、その説明や身分を結びつけます。
Leo is my cousin.
レオは私のいとこです。
EN: In English, it is common to address family friends or relatives as 'Aunt' or 'Uncle' followed by their first name (e.g., 'Aunt Linda') to show respect and closeness.
EN: Possessive adjectives (our, your) are used before nouns to show ownership. They do not change form whether the noun is singular or plural.
日本語: 所有格形容詞(our、your)は名詞の前に置いて所有を表します。後ろの名詞が単数でも複数でも、所有格形容詞の形は変わりません。
This is our car and that is your bicycle.
これは私たちの車で、あれはあなたの自転車です。
EN: The phrase 'Our stand is your stand' is a variation of the classic hospitable English expression 'My house is your house' (originally from the Spanish 'Mi casa es su casa'). It is used to make guests feel extremely welcome, comfortable, and at home.
EN: The phrase 'Thank you' is a standard way to express gratitude. It consists of the verb 'thank' followed by the object pronoun 'you'.
日本語: 「Thank you」は感謝を表す標準的な表現です。これは動詞「thank」と目的格代名詞「you」で構成されています。
Thank you for the help.
手伝ってくれてありがとう。
EN: In English-speaking cultures, saying 'Thank you' is extremely common and expected in almost all social interactions, even for very small favors or polite gestures.
EN: Use 'I'm' (short for 'I am') to introduce yourself. It is followed by your name.
日本語: 「I'm」(「I am」の短縮形)を使って自己紹介します。その後に自分の名前を続けます。
Hi! I'm Sarah.
こんにちは!私はサラです。
EN: In English-speaking cultures, 'Hi! I'm [Name]' is the most common and natural way to introduce yourself in casual, everyday situations.
EN: The contraction 'You're' combines the subject pronoun 'you' and the verb 'are'. It is commonly used in spoken English to sound natural and fluent.
日本語: 短縮形「You're」は、主格代名詞「you」と動詞「are」を組み合わせたものです。英語の口語で非常に頻繁に使われ、話し言葉がより自然で流暢に聞こえます。
You're a great student.
あなたは素晴らしい学生です。
EN: In English, using 'the' before a profession (like 'the doctor') when meeting someone shows that you have already heard about them. It expresses recognition and excitement, similar to saying 'So you are the famous doctor everyone was talking about!'
EN: Use the apostrophe 's' after a singular noun to show ownership or relationship. For example, 'Hana's friend' means the friend belongs to or is associated with Hana.
日本語: 単数名詞の後に「's」を付けると、所有(...の)を表し、所有関係を示します。例えば、「Hana's friend」は「ハナの友達」を意味します。
This is Leo's book.
これはレオの本です。
EN: In English-speaking cultures, when meeting someone for the first time who is connected to a mutual friend, it is very common and polite to warmly acknowledge that relationship (e.g., 'you are Hana's friend') to build an instant, friendly connection.
EN: Use 'and' to connect two adjectives (describing words) that describe the same person or thing.
日本語: 「and」を使って、同じ人や物を説明する2つの形容詞を結びつけます。
She is tall and beautiful.
彼女は背が高くて美しいです。
EN: In English-speaking cultures, giving sincere compliments about someone's personality (like being kind or smart) is a common and warm way to build rapport and show appreciation.
EN: Use the subject pronoun 'my' to show ownership, followed by a noun (cousin) and the 'be' verb (is) to describe a characteristic with an adjective (funny).
日本語: 所有格代名詞「my」(私の)を使って所有を表し、その後に名詞(cousin、いとこ)を置き、be動詞「is」を使って形容詞(funny、面白い/おかしい)で特徴を説明します。
My dog is friendly.
私の犬はとても人懐っこいです。
EN: In English, the word cousin is gender-neutral. Here Leo is talking about Hana, so Traditional Chinese uses 表妹 (a younger female cousin), because Hana is Leo's younger female cousin.
EN: We use 'It is' (or the contraction 'It's') followed by an adjective to describe a situation, a fact, or a thing that was just mentioned.
日本語: 「It is」(または短縮形「It's」)の後に形容詞を続けて、先ほど述べた状況、事実、物事を説明します。
It's true.
それは本当です。
EN: In casual English, 'Hey!' is a very common and friendly way to get someone's attention or react to a statement, similar to 'Wow!' or 'Look!'.
EN: This is an imperative sentence used to give polite instructions or commands. Adding 'please' at the end makes the request much more polite.
日本語: これは、丁寧な指示や命令を与えるための命令文です。文の最後に「please」を加えると、依頼がより丁寧で礼儀正しくなります。
Stand up, please.
立ってください。
EN: In English-speaking cultures, using 'please' with imperative verbs like 'sit down' or 'stand up' is essential to avoid sounding bossy or rude, especially when welcoming guests.
EN: Use the pattern 'Something is for someone' to show who is receiving an item or gift.
日本語: 「何か + is for + 誰か」のパターンを使って、ある品物や贈り物が誰に宛てたものかを示します。
This apple is for you.
このリンゴはあなたへのものです。
EN: In Taiwan, night markets are famous for local street food like beef soup. Offering food to guests is a warm way to show hospitality and welcome them into the family circle.
EN: We use 'A is B' to say that two things are the same or equal. 'Is' is a linking verb used with singular subjects like 'your family'.
日本語: 「A is B」を使って、2つのものが同じである、または等しいことを表します。「is」は動詞(be動詞)で、単数の主語(例:「your family」)に使います。
My friend is a doctor.
私の友人は医者です。
EN: In many cultures, including Taiwan and Western countries, telling someone 'your family is my family' is a warm way to express deep friendship and gratitude, showing that you feel welcomed and treated like a family member.
IPA発音、定義、例文、インタラクティブクイズ付きの重要な単語。
文中での意味: 夜市、通常は夜に営業し、さまざまな軽食や商品を販売する屋外の市場
文中での意味: 屋台、市場や通りで食べ物や商品を販売する簡易な小屋や台
文中での意味: いとこ(従兄弟姉妹)
文中での意味: 医者
文中での意味: 美しい、きれいな
文中での意味: 料理人、コック
文中での意味: 看護師
文中での意味: 夫
文中での意味: 贈り物、プレゼント
文中での意味: 温かい、心のこもった
文中での意味: 中学校
文中での意味: 農家、農夫
文中での意味: 心、気持ち、精神
文中での意味: 同級生
文中での意味: 賢い、利口な
種類タグ、二言語の定義、使い方の説明、例文を含むフレーズ。
A polite formula used when being introduced to someone.
初めまして、お会いできてうれしいです
To move your body into a sitting position.
A temporary or mobile structure where food is sold to the public.
軽食屋台、食品スタンド