Einstein's World
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EN: Proper nouns are specific names of people, places, or things. They always start with a capital letter.
Isaac Newton
EN: Albert Einstein is one of the most famous scientists in history. In English, his name is often used as a synonym for 'genius'.
EN: Nouns can be followed by a letter or number to label a specific item in a series.
Please open your book to Page 5.
EN: In English textbooks and exams, sections are often labeled with letters (A, B, C) or numbers (1, 2, 3) to organize information clearly.
EN: Use 'be going to' + 'verb' to talk about plans or things that will happen soon.
I am going to watch a movie tonight.
EN: In English-speaking classrooms, teachers often use 'We're going to...' to introduce the lesson's topic and set expectations for the day.
EN: Use 'this' + [day of the week] to talk about the upcoming day in the current week.
The party is this Friday.
EN: In English, days of the week are always capitalized (e.g., Saturday, not saturday).
EN: Use 'Who is...' to ask about the identity of a person. In questions, the question word 'Who' comes at the beginning.
Who is your teacher?
EN: In English, when guessing someone's identity from a description or when someone knocks on a door, we use 'it' instead of 'he' or 'she' because the identity is not yet confirmed.
EN: The structure 'Try and + verb' is commonly used in spoken English instead of 'Try to + verb' to mean attempting to do something.
Try and finish your homework.
EN: In casual conversation, 'Try and' sounds more natural and less formal than 'Try to'. It is very common in games and riddles.
EN: The phrasal verb 'come up with' means to think of an idea, a plan, or an answer.
She came up with a great idea for the party.
EN: E=mc² is widely considered the most famous equation in history, representing mass-energy equivalence. In English, 'squared' is used to express a number multiplied by itself (power of 2).
EN: In spoken English, a person's name can be used as a complete sentence to answer a question or identify someone.
Who is your teacher? Mr. Smith.
EN: Albert Einstein is a global icon of intelligence. In English, calling someone an 'Einstein' can be a compliment for being smart, or sarcastic if they do something silly.
EN: Use 'the most' followed by an adjective to describe something that has the highest degree of a quality (Superlative).
This is the most beautiful flower in the garden.
EN: The equation E=mc² is globally recognized as a symbol of scientific genius, even by people who do not understand physics. It represents Einstein's massive impact on modern science.
EN: Use 'but' to connect two sentences that show a contrast or a surprising difference.
I am tired, but I am happy.
EN: In academic or scientific contexts, it is common and humble to admit you don't fully understand a complex theory like Einstein's, while still acknowledging its significance.
EN: Use 'was' to describe a person's identity or profession in the past. It is the past tense of 'is'.
She was a famous singer.
EN: Albert Einstein is globally recognized as the archetype of a 'genius'. In English, calling someone an 'Einstein' can be a compliment for being smart, or sometimes sarcastic if they do something silly.
EN: Use 'but' to connect two sentences with opposite or contrasting ideas.
It is raining, but I want to go out.
EN: Albert Einstein is a global icon of intelligence. Even decades after his death, his name is synonymous with 'genius' in English-speaking cultures.
EN: Use 'do work with' to describe the subject or topic someone is studying or researching.
She does a lot of work with children.
EN: Einstein's work on light (the photoelectric effect) actually won him the Nobel Prize, even though he is more famous for E=mc².
EN: Nouns can be used as labels or titles to organize information into sections.
Chapter 1
EN: In English learning materials, letters (A, B, C) or numbers (1, 2, 3) are commonly used to label different parts of a lesson.
EN: The word 'read' looks the same in the present and past tense, but the pronunciation changes. In this sentence, it is past tense (pronounced like the color 'red') because the person already finished reading the story.
I read a book last night.
EN: In English conversation, starting a sentence with 'I read a story...' or 'I heard that...' is a common way to introduce a new topic or share an interesting fact about someone famous.
EN: This is an imperative sentence used to give a command or request. It starts with a base verb and doesn't need a subject like 'you'.
Show me.
EN: In casual conversation, 'Tell me' is a friendly way to show curiosity. Adding 'please' at the end makes it more polite in formal situations.
EN: Use 'When' at the start of a sentence to talk about a specific time or age when something happened in the past.
When I was five, I started school.
EN: In English, 'baby sister' specifically refers to a younger sister. It is a common way to introduce siblings in a family context.
EN: To ask a question about the past using 'be' verbs (was/were), we move the verb to the front of the sentence.
Was she tired after work?
EN: Use 'want to' followed by a base verb to talk about desires or intentions.
Do you want to eat lunch now?
EN: In English, direct speech is often introduced by a comma after the reporting verb (like 'asked') followed by quotation marks.
EN: Use 'said' to report what someone spoke in the past. It is the past tense of 'say'.
She said, hello.
EN: In English storytelling, using 'said' is the most common way to report speech. It is simple and keeps the focus on the dialogue.
EN: Use 'where are' to ask about the location of more than one thing (plural).
Where are my keys?
EN: This sentence highlights Einstein's logical but childlike perspective. As a toddler, he expected a 'new arrival' to be a toy with wheels, showing his early scientific mind trying to categorize objects.
EN: Use 'That is' (That's) to react to a story or information someone just told you.
That's cool!
EN: In English, 'funny' can mean both 'humorous' (makes you laugh) and 'strange' (weird). In this context, it means humorous.
EN: Use 'was' to describe a person's personality or state in the past. It is the past tense of 'is'.
She was a kind teacher.
EN: In English, 'funny' can mean both 'humorous' (makes you laugh) and 'strange' (weird). In this context about Einstein, it means he had a good sense of humor.
EN: Use 'liked to' followed by a base verb to talk about past habits or things someone enjoyed doing in the past.
She liked to play the piano every night.
EN: The photo of Albert Einstein sticking out his tongue is one of the most iconic images of the 20th century. It was taken on his 72nd birthday and shows his playful personality, challenging the stereotype of the 'serious scientist'.
EN: Use 'There is' to say that something exists. Use 'doing' after a person to describe the action they are performing in a photo or situation.
There is a picture of my cat sleeping.
EN: The 'famous photo' refers to a real 1951 photograph of Albert Einstein sticking out his tongue at photographers. It became an iconic image representing his playful personality.
Key vocabulary words with IPA pronunciation, definitions, example sentences, and interactive quizzes.
Phrases with type tags, bilingual definitions, usage notes, and example sentences.
to suggest or think of an idea or plan
to push something forward or out
for pleasure; not for a serious reason