Both Sides of the Story (H6)
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EN: The correlation between 'some' and 'others' is used to contrast different groups of people or things within a larger population. It is a common structure for presenting balanced arguments.
Some prefer tea, while others like coffee.
EN: The coordinating conjunction 'but' is used to connect two independent clauses that present contrasting ideas. It is preceded by a comma when connecting two complete sentences.
He wanted to go to the party, but he was too tired.
EN: The transitional phrase 'On one hand' is used to introduce the first of two contrasting points, facts, or arguments. It is typically followed by 'On the other hand' to present the opposing view.
On one hand, the job pays well, but on the other hand, the hours are very long.
EN: The modal verb 'can' is used here to express possibility or potential ability. It is followed by the base form of the verb 'improve'.
Regular exercise can reduce stress levels.
EN: The phrase 'On one hand' is a standard idiom used in English essays, debates, and formal discussions to present balanced arguments. It originates from the physical gesture of weighing two different options in each hand.
EN: The transitional phrase 'On the other hand' is used to introduce a contrasting point or perspective, balancing a previously mentioned argument.
On one hand, technology connects us; on the other hand, it can isolate us.
EN: The subject 'too much time' is an uncountable noun phrase, which requires a singular verb. Therefore, the verb 'harm' takes the third-person singular ending '-s' (harms).
Too much sugar causes health problems.
EN: The phrase 'On the other hand' is a standard idiom used in English debates and discussions to present a contrasting view, often paired with 'On one hand' to show balanced critical thinking.
EN: The verb 'argue' is followed by a 'that-clause' (noun clause) acting as the direct object. The conjunction 'that' is often used to introduce a statement or opinion being argued, and it can sometimes be omitted in informal speech.
Researchers argue that sleep is essential for memory.
EN: The verb 'build' is commonly collocated with abstract nouns like 'teamwork', 'confidence', or 'relationships' to mean developing or strengthening these qualities over time.
These activities help build trust among team members.
EN: In Western academic and professional debates, using verbs like 'argue', 'claim', or 'assert' is standard for presenting different perspectives objectively, rather than just saying 'some people say'.
EN: Noun Clause as Object: The word 'that' introduces a noun clause ('that they reduce real activity') which functions as the direct object of the reporting verb 'claim'. In this structure, 'that' is a conjunction and can often be omitted in informal contexts.
Many experts believe that technology improves education.
EN: Simple Present Tense for General Statements: The simple present tense ('claim', 'reduce') is used here to express general truths, opinions, or ongoing situations in a debate.
Some parents argue that video games cause distraction.
EN: The 'There is/are' structure is used to introduce the existence of something. 'There' acts as a dummy subject, and the real subject follows the verb 'to be'. Because 'valid points' is plural, the plural verb 'are' is used.
There are many reasons to support this policy.
EN: The prepositional phrase 'on both sides' is used to describe two opposing perspectives or parties in a debate, discussion, or conflict.
EN: This phrase is a highly polite and neutral way to acknowledge opposing views in a debate or discussion without taking a side immediately. It is commonly used in academic, professional, and polite social contexts to foster balanced discussion.
EN: The phrasal verb 'depend on' means to be determined or decided by something. It is followed by a noun, pronoun, or a noun clause (such as a 'how' clause).
Our success depends on how hard we work.
EN: The wh-clause 'how we balance our time' acts as a noun clause serving as the object of the preposition 'on'. In noun clauses, the word order must be statement order (subject + verb), not question order.
She explained how they solved the problem.
EN: The concept of 'work-life balance' or balancing one's time is highly valued in modern English-speaking cultures. Expressing that an outcome 'depends on' individual responsibility and balance is a common way to show a nuanced, non-extreme perspective in debates.
EN: The subordinating conjunction 'while' is used to introduce a contrast between two ideas, meaning 'although' or 'whereas'. It often starts the sentence to set up a comparison.
While some people prefer tea, others love coffee.
EN: The correlative structure 'some... others...' is used to divide a group into two categories and describe their differing characteristics or actions.
Some students passed the exam, while others failed.
EN: The modal verb 'should' is used to express duty, advice, or recommendation. It is followed by the base form of the verb (infinitive without 'to').
We should consider all options before making a decision.
EN: The expression 'weigh the benefits and the risks' (or 'weigh the pros and cons') is a common collocation used when making decisions, meaning to carefully compare the advantages and disadvantages of a situation.
Investors must weigh the benefits and the risks of this new project.
EN: In Western debate and critical thinking culture, 'weighing benefits and risks' is a fundamental concept. It reflects a pragmatic approach to decision-making, where objective analysis is valued over emotional reactions.
EN: The adverb 'Ultimately' is used as a sentence modifier (or disjunct) to introduce a conclusion, final result, or the most important fact after considering all points.
Ultimately, the decision is up to you.
EN: Superlative adjectives (e.g., 'the wisest') are used to compare three or more things, indicating the one that has the highest degree of a quality. It is formed by adding '-est' to short adjectives and is preceded by the definite article 'the'.
This is the easiest way to solve the problem.
EN: The concept of 'moderation' (often associated with the phrase 'moderation in all things') is a deeply rooted philosophical value in Western thought, tracing back to ancient Greek philosophy (such as Aristotle's Golden Mean). It emphasizes avoiding extremes to achieve a balanced and virtuous life.
EN: The determiner 'both' is used to refer to two people or things together. When used as a determiner before a plural noun (like 'views'), it emphasizes that the statement applies to each of the two options.
Both options have their own advantages.
EN: The verb 'deserve' is a transitive verb meaning to be worthy of something. It is typically followed by a noun phrase (like 'our careful thought') or an infinitive (to do something) to indicate what someone or something has earned or is worthy of.
Your hard work deserves a great reward.
EN: The verb 'help' can be followed by an object and then either a bare infinitive (verb without 'to') or a full infinitive (with 'to'). In this sentence, 'helps us decide' uses the bare infinitive 'decide', which is very common in modern English.
Regular exercise helps you sleep better.
EN: Adverbs of manner, such as 'wisely', are used to describe how an action is performed. They are typically formed by adding '-ly' to an adjective (wise -> wisely) and usually place after the verb they modify.
She planned her budget carefully.
EN: A noun clause starting with 'Whether' (often paired with 'or not' or 'or bad' as in this case) can function as the subject of a sentence. It represents a choice or alternative and takes a singular verb.
Whether we win or lose does not matter.
EN: The structure 'Whether A or B' is used to present two alternatives. When used as a noun clause subject, it highlights the ongoing discussion or uncertainty between the two options.
Whether you go by train or by bus takes about the same time.
EN: The transitional phrase 'On one hand' is used to introduce the first of two contrasting points, facts, or arguments. It is typically followed by 'On the other hand' to present the opposing view.
On one hand, the job pays well, but on the other hand, the hours are very long.
EN: The verb 'argue' is followed by a noun clause starting with 'that' (often omitted in informal speech) which functions as the direct object of the verb, expressing the opinion or claim being made.
Some experts argue that sleep is more important than exercise.
EN: The transition phrase 'For instance' is used to introduce a specific example that supports a previous statement. It is grammatically set off by a comma and is synonymous with 'For example'.
For instance, learning a new language can improve memory.
EN: Gerunds as nouns: 'Thinking' is a gerund (verb + -ing acting as a noun). Here, 'quick thinking' acts as a compound noun serving as one of the direct objects of the verb 'require'.
Critical thinking is essential for solving complex problems.
EN: In modern educational and professional discussions, 'teamwork' and 'quick thinking' (often referred to as cognitive flexibility) are highly valued soft skills. Highlighting these aspects in video games reflects a shifting cultural perception that gaming is not just a passive distraction but can also be a tool for skill development.
EN: The transition phrase 'On the other hand' is used to introduce a contrasting point of view or argument, balancing a previously mentioned statement.
On one hand, technology connects us; on the other hand, it can isolate us.
EN: The verb 'claim' is followed by a noun clause starting with the conjunction 'that' (which can be omitted in informal speech). This clause acts as the direct object of the verb, stating what is being claimed.
Some experts claim that sleeping eight hours is essential.
EN: The phrasal verb 'point out' means to direct someone's attention to a fact or mistake. It is often followed by a 'that' clause acting as the direct object, which introduces the fact being highlighted.
She pointed out that the museum was closed on Mondays.
EN: The noun phrase 'screen time' refers to the amount of time spent looking at screens (phones, computers, TVs). 'Too much' is used as a determiner before uncountable nouns (like 'time') to express an excessive amount.
Too much screen time can lead to eye strain.
EN: The term 'screen time' has become highly prevalent in modern English discourse, especially concerning parenting, education, and mental health. It reflects contemporary societal concerns about the balance between digital life and physical well-being.
EN: The subordinating conjunction 'while' is used at the beginning of a clause to show contrast or concession, meaning 'although' or 'whereas'. It connects two contrasting ideas within a single sentence.
While she loves classical music, her brother prefers rock.
EN: The pronoun 'others' is used to refer to 'other games' to avoid repetition. It pairs with 'some' to contrast two different groups within a category (some... others...).
Some students passed the exam, while others failed.
EN: The dummy pronoun 'It' is used as a placeholder subject in the pattern 'It is + adjective + to-infinitive'. This structure shifts the real subject (the infinitive phrase 'to say that...') to the end of the sentence to make it easier to process.
It is important to remember that safety comes first.
EN: The noun clause introduced by 'that' acts as the direct object of the verb 'say'. It contains a complete sentence structure ('both sides raise valid concerns') expressing the statement being made.
She believes that we can solve this problem together.
EN: In English-speaking academic and professional environments, acknowledging the validity of opposing viewpoints (using phrases like 'It is fair to say...') is a highly valued communication skill. It demonstrates critical thinking, intellectual humility, and a balanced perspective, which helps prevent discussions from becoming overly confrontational.
EN: The phrasal verb 'lie in' means to exist or be found in something. It is often used to describe where the essence, cause, or solution of a situation is located.
The beauty of the plan lies in its simplicity.
EN: The conjunction phrase 'rather than' is used to express preference or to contrast two choices, meaning 'instead of' or 'and not'.
We should focus on solutions rather than problems.
EN: First Conditional (If + Present Simple, ... can/will + infinitive): Used to talk about possible future conditions and their probable results. Here, 'can' is used instead of 'will' to express possibility or ability rather than certainty.
If you practice every day, you can improve your English quickly.
EN: Noun Phrase Structure (a + adjective + noun + of + noun): 'a healthy form of fun' uses 'of' to define the type or category of the noun. 'Form' acts as the head noun, modified by 'healthy', and 'of fun' specifies what kind of form it is.
Reading is a great form of relaxation.
EN: The prepositional phrase 'without + noun' is used to express a condition of lack or absence, functioning similarly to a conditional clause like 'if there is no...'.
Without teamwork, we cannot complete this project on time.
EN: The modal verb 'can' is used here to express theoretical possibility, indicating that a certain outcome is potential or capable of happening under certain circumstances.
Even simple mistakes can cause serious accidents.
EN: The phrasal verb 'depend on' means to be determined or decided by something. It is followed by a noun, pronoun, or a noun clause (such as a wh-clause).
Our success depends on how hard we work.
EN: The noun clause 'how we choose to play' acts as the object of the preposition 'on'. It uses statement word order (subject + verb) rather than question word order.
She explained how we can solve the problem.
EN: The verb 'weigh' is used metaphorically here to mean 'to carefully consider or compare' different options or facts before making a decision. It is often paired with 'sides', 'options', or 'pros and cons'.
We must weigh the pros and cons before making a final decision.
EN: The preposition 'before' can be followed by a gerund (verb-ing) when the subject of both actions is the same. 'Before forming' is a shortened form of 'before they form'.
Always wash your hands before eating dinner.
EN: The concept of 'weighing both sides' is deeply rooted in Western philosophical and legal traditions, emphasizing critical thinking, objectivity, and avoiding hasty judgments. It reflects the value placed on balanced debate and intellectual humility.
EN: The structure 'be good for someone/something' is used to indicate that something is beneficial, healthy, or advantageous to a person or object. In questions, the verb 'be' is placed before the subject.
Regular exercise is good for your health.
EN: Direct address is a grammatical construction where a speaker addresses a person directly by name. In writing, the name of the person being addressed (Emma) is separated from the rest of the sentence by a comma.
Are you ready to go, John?
EN: In English-speaking cultures, addressing someone directly by their first name (like 'Emma') at the end of a question is very common and friendly. It helps to engage the listener and personalize the conversation.
EN: The transitional phrase 'On one hand' is used to introduce the first of two contrasting points or perspectives. It is typically followed by 'On the other hand' to present the opposing view.
On one hand, living in the city is convenient.
EN: The verb 'help' can be followed by an object and a bare infinitive (verb without 'to'). The structure is 'help + object + verb'.
She helped me finish my homework.
EN: The phrase 'On one hand... On the other hand...' is a standard rhetorical device in English-speaking cultures used to present a balanced argument or discuss pros and cons. It reflects a cultural emphasis on critical thinking and looking at issues from multiple perspectives.
EN: The transitional phrase 'On the other hand' is used to introduce a contrasting point of view, argument, or fact, often following a statement starting with 'On one hand'.
On one hand, the job pays well. On the other hand, the hours are very long.
EN: The modal verb 'can' is used here to express possibility or general truth (that something is sometimes capable of being distracting), followed by the base form of the verb 'be'.
The weather can be very cold in December.
EN: In English debates and academic writing, 'On the other hand' is a standard transition used to present a balanced argument. It is almost always paired conceptually with 'On the one hand' (explicitly stated or implied) to show that the speaker is weighing two contrasting sides of an issue fairly.
EN: Noun Clause as Object (omitted 'that'): The verb 'say' is followed by a noun clause 'they connect people everywhere' acting as its direct object. In English, the conjunction 'that' introducing an object clause is frequently omitted in informal or spoken contexts.
Many believe technology makes life easier.
EN: Adverb of Place 'everywhere': The word 'everywhere' functions as an adverb of place modifying the verb 'connect', indicating the scope or location of the action.
We can find internet access everywhere in the city.
EN: The noun clause (or 'that-clause') acts as the direct object of the reporting verb 'argue'. The conjunction 'that' introduces the clause and can often be omitted in informal speech, though it is kept here for formal clarity.
Experts believe that technology improves our lives.
EN: The compound adjective 'face-to-face' is hyphenated when it appears before a noun (like 'talk') to modify it, functioning as a single modifier.
EN: The pronoun 'both' is used to refer to two people or things, functioning here as a determiner modifying the plural noun 'views'. It emphasizes that the statement applies to both of the two options discussed.
Both options have their own advantages.
EN: The idiom 'have some truth in (something)' means that a statement, idea, or opinion is partially correct or contains a valid point, even if it is not entirely true.
There is some truth in what she says.
EN: In Western debate culture and academic discussions, acknowledging the validity of the opposing side's argument ('Both views have some truth in them') is a common and polite way to show critical thinking and intellectual humility before presenting a balanced conclusion.
EN: The phrasal verb 'depend on' means to be determined or decided by something. It is often followed by a noun phrase or a noun clause (such as a 'how' clause) acting as the object of the preposition 'on'.
Our success depends on how hard we work.
EN: A noun clause starting with 'how' (how + subject + verb) can function as the object of a preposition. In this structure, the word order must be statement order (subject + verb), not question order.
She explained how we can solve the problem.
EN: In English-speaking cultures, discussions about technology (like smartphones or video games) often emphasize personal responsibility and 'balance' rather than outright bans. This sentence reflects a pragmatic, balanced approach to modern lifestyle debates.
EN: The subordinating conjunction 'while' is used at the beginning of a clause to show contrast between two ideas, meaning 'although' or 'whereas'. It sets up a comparison between two different groups or situations.
While some people prefer tea, others love coffee.
EN: The indefinite pronouns 'some' and 'others' are used together to contrast two different groups within a larger category. 'Some' refers to a part of the group, while 'others' refers to other members of that same group.
Some students passed the exam, while others failed.
EN: The modal verb 'should' is used to express duty, advice, or recommendation. It is followed by the base form of the verb (infinitive without 'to').
We should listen to both sides of the story.
EN: The idiom 'weigh the good against the bad' means to compare the advantages (the good) and disadvantages (the bad) of a situation before making a decision.
Before buying a car, you must weigh the good against the bad.
EN: In English, using 'the + adjective' (like 'the good' and 'the bad') is a common way to refer to abstract concepts as nouns. This phrasing sounds balanced and objective, making it very common in debates, essays, and decision-making discussions.
EN: The phrase 'In the end' is a transitional adverbial phrase used to introduce a final conclusion, summary, or result after considering all facts. It is often followed by a comma.
In the end, they decided to buy the smaller house.
EN: Superlative adjectives (e.g., 'the smartest') are used to describe an object which is at the upper or lower limit of a quality. They are typically preceded by the definite article 'the' and followed by a noun.
She is the tallest student in our class.
EN: The concept of 'balance' (moderation) is a highly valued virtue in both Western philosophy (such as Aristotle's Golden Mean) and Eastern philosophy (such as Confucianism's Doctrine of the Mean). This sentence reflects a universal cultural appreciation for avoiding extremes.
Key vocabulary words with IPA pronunciation, definitions, example sentences, and interactive quizzes.
Phrases with type tags, bilingual definitions, usage notes, and example sentences.
used to introduce the first of two contrasting points or facts
used to introduce a contrasting point of view, fact, or argument
to direct someone's attention to a fact or mistake
the amount of time someone spends looking at a screen on a device such as a smartphone, computer, or television
close together and facing each other; in person