EN: The verb 'enjoy' is a transitive verb that must be followed by a gerund (V-ing) rather than an infinitive (to V) when expressing an activity that one likes doing.
中文: 動詞「enjoy」(享受/喜歡)是及物動詞,後面接動詞時必須使用動名詞(V-ing),而不能接不定詞(to V),用來表示喜愛進行某項活動。
She enjoys reading novels in the library.
她喜歡在圖書館裡讀小說。
EN: In direct speech, when the reporting clause (e.g., 'asks Hana') comes after the quoted speech, the subject and verb can be inverted (e.g., 'asks Hana' or 'Hana asks'). However, if the subject is a pronoun, inversion is not used (e.g., 'she asks').
中文: 在直接引語中,當說話者說的話放在前面,而引導句(如「asks Hana」)放在後面時,主詞與動詞可以倒裝(例如「asks Hana」或「Hana asks」皆可)。但若主詞是代名詞,則不使用倒裝(例如只能用「she asks」)。
"I am ready," says the teacher.
「我準備好了,」老師說道。
EN: In English-speaking cultures, asking about someone's 'free time' or 'hobbies' is a very common and polite icebreaker when getting to know someone. It is considered a safe, friendly, and non-intrusive topic of conversation.
中文: 在英語系國家中,詢問他人的「空閒時間」(free time)或興趣是初次見面或破冰時非常常見且禮貌的話題。這被認為是一個安全、友善且不具侵犯性的社交話題。
EN: The verb 'love' can be followed by a gerund (verb-ing) to express a general hobby or passion. It emphasizes the experience or activity itself.
中文: 動詞「love」(熱愛)後面可以接動名詞(V-ing)來表示個人的興趣或熱情,強調該活動或體驗的本身。
I love reading novels before going to bed.
我熱愛在睡前讀小說。
EN: The verb 'want' is followed by an infinitive (to + verb) to express a desire or goal. 'To be' is used here to indicate a future state or profession.
中文: 動詞「want」(想要)後面須接不定詞(to + 動詞原形)來表示願望或目標。這裡使用「to be」來指出未來的狀態或職業。
He wants to be a professional soccer player.
他想成為一名職業足球員。
EN: The verb 'enjoy' is followed by a gerund (verb-ing) to express pleasure in doing an activity. It cannot be followed by an infinitive (to + verb).
中文: 動詞「enjoy」(享受/喜歡)後面必須接動名詞(V-ing)作為受詞,用來表示享受某項活動。此處不能接不定詞(to + 動詞原形)。
I enjoy reading books before going to bed.
我喜歡在睡前讀書。
EN: The verb 'hope' is used to express a desire for the future and is typically followed by an infinitive (to + verb) to indicate the action one wishes to perform.
中文: 動詞「hope」(希望)用來表達對未來的期望,後面通常接不定詞(to + 動詞原形)來表示想要進行的動作。
She hopes to travel around the world next year.
她希望明年能去環遊世界。
EN: The verb 'like' can be followed by a gerund (verb-ing) to express a general preference or enjoyment of an activity. In this sentence, 'playing' acts as the gerund object of 'like'.
中文: 動詞「like」(喜歡)後面可以接動名詞(V-ing)來表示對某項活動的普遍喜好或享受。在本句中,「playing」作為「like」的動名詞受詞。
She likes playing the piano in her free time.
她空閒時間喜歡彈鋼琴。
EN: The verb 'plan' is followed by an infinitive (to + verb) to express an intention or a future plan. 'To join' functions as the direct object of 'plan'.
中文: 動詞「plan」(計劃)後面接不定詞(to + 動詞原形)來表示意圖或未來的計劃。「To join」在此作為「plan」的直接受詞。
We plan to travel to Japan next year.
我們計劃明年去日本旅遊。
EN: In English narrative writing, especially in stories or news, the reporting verb and subject can be inverted (e.g., 'says Ryan' instead of 'Ryan says') when they follow direct speech. This is a common stylistic device to keep the focus on the dialogue.
中文: 在英文敘事寫作中(特別是在故事或新聞中),當說話者標記放在引言後面時,動詞和主詞常常會倒裝(例如用「says Ryan」代替「Ryan says」)。這是一種常見的修辭手法,目的是將焦點保持在對話內容上。
EN: The verb 'enjoy' must be followed by a gerund (V-ing) when expressing an activity that one likes doing. It cannot be followed by an infinitive (to + verb).
中文: 動詞「enjoy」(享受/喜歡)後面若要接另一個動詞,必須使用動名詞(V-ing)形式,不能接不定詞(to + 動詞原形)。
She enjoys playing the piano after dinner.
她喜歡在晚餐後彈鋼琴。
EN: The verb 'decide' is followed by an infinitive (to + verb) to express a choice or plan for a future action.
中文: 動詞「decide」(決定)後面通常接不定詞(to + 動詞原形),用來表示對未來行動的決定或計劃。
They decided to travel to Japan next summer.
他們決定明年夏天去日本旅遊。
EN: The verb 'enjoy' is a transitive verb that must be followed by a gerund (V-ing) when expressing an action that one likes doing. It cannot be followed by an infinitive (to + V).
中文: 動詞「enjoy」(享受/喜歡)是及物動詞,後接動詞時必須使用動名詞(V-ing)形式,不能接不定詞(to + V)。這用來表示享受某種活動或愛好。
I enjoy playing soccer with my friends.
我喜歡和朋友們一起踢足球。
EN: In written English dialogue, when the reporting phrase (e.g., 'says Hana') comes after the direct speech, a comma is used inside the quotation marks to separate the spoken words from the reporting verb.
中文: 在英文書面對話中,當說話者與說話動詞(如「says Hana」)放在引號後面時,引號內需使用逗號,將說話內容與後續的敘述動詞隔開。
EN: The infinitive 'to be' is used as the direct object of the verb 'want'. In English, certain verbs like 'want', 'hope', and 'decide' must be followed by an infinitive (to + verb) when expressing a future action or desire.
中文: 不定詞「to be」(成為/擔任)在此處用作動詞「want」(想要)的直接受詞。在英文中,某些動詞如「want」、「hope」和「decide」後面必須接不定詞(to + 動詞原形)來表示未來的意圖或願望。
I want to be a teacher in the future.
我未來想要成為一名老師。
EN: In written English, dialogue tags (like 'asks Sarah') can be placed after the quoted speech. When the subject is a proper noun (Sarah), the verb can come before the subject, which is a common stylistic choice in storytelling.
中文: 在英文書面語中,對話標記(如「asks Sarah」)可以放在引用的對話之後。當主詞是專有名詞(莎拉)時,動詞可以放在主詞之前,這是故事敘述中常見的修辭風格。
"I am ready," says Leo.
「我準備好了,」里歐說道。
EN: In English-speaking cultures, asking friends about their future dreams and career aspirations (like becoming a writer or an artist) is a common way to show support and build deeper connections. It reflects a culture that values individual goals and self-improvement.
中文: 在英語系國家中,詢問朋友未來的夢想與職業抱負(例如成為作家或藝術家)是表達支持與建立深厚友誼的常見方式。這反映出該文化非常重視個人目標與自我提升。
EN: The verb 'practice' is followed by a gerund (verb-ing) when expressing the action that is being practiced. It cannot be followed by an infinitive (to + verb).
中文: 動詞「practice」(練習)後面必須接動名詞(V-ing)作為受詞,用來表示練習的內容,不能接不定詞(to + V)。
She practices playing the piano every afternoon.
她每天下午練習彈鋼琴。
EN: In direct speech, when the reporting verb (like 'says') comes after the quoted speech, the subject and verb can be inverted (e.g., 'says Hana' or 'Hana says'). This is common in written stories.
中文: 在直接引語中,當引用動詞(如 'says')放在引號後面時,主詞和動詞可以倒裝(例如 'says Hana' 或 'Hana says')。這在書面故事中非常常見。
"I am ready," says Leo.
「我準備好了,」里歐說。
EN: The use of 'all' after a subject pronoun (like 'we' or 'they') is used to emphasize that every member of the group is included. It is placed directly after the subject pronoun and before the main verb.
中文: 在主格代名詞(如 'we' 或 'they')後面加上 'all',是用來強調群體中的每一個成員都包含在內。它通常直接放在主格代名詞之後、主要動詞之前。
We all love eating Italian food.
我們大家都喜歡吃義大利食物。
EN: In direct speech, when the reporting verb (like 'says') and its subject (like 'Emma') come after the quoted speech, they can be written in the standard order (Subject + Verb) or inverted (Verb + Subject, e.g., 'says Emma'). Both are grammatically correct, but inversion is common in written stories.
中文: 在直接引語中,當引導動詞(如 'says')和其主詞(如 'Emma')放在引號之後時,可以使用標準語序(主詞 + 動詞)或倒裝語序(動詞 + 主詞,例如 'says Emma')。兩者在語法上皆正確,但倒裝語序在書面故事中非常常見。
"I am ready," says Leo.
「我準備好了,」里歐說。
EN: The modal verb 'should' is used to express obligation, duty, or a strong recommendation. It is followed by the base form of the verb (in this case, 'work').
中文: 情態助動詞「should」(應該)用於表示義務、職責或強烈建議。其後必須接動詞原形(在此句中為「work」)。
We should protect the environment.
我們應該保護環境。
EN: The infinitive phrase 'to reach them' (to + verb) is used here as an adverbial of purpose, explaining 'why' they should work hard. 'Them' is a pronoun referring back to 'dreams'.
中文: 不定詞片語「to reach them」(to + 動詞)在此處用作副詞片語表示目的,解釋「為什麼」他們應該努力。代名詞「them」則指代前文提到的「夢想」(dreams)。
She studies hard to pass the exam.
她努力學習以通過考試。
EN: The infinitive 'to learn' is used here as an adverbial of purpose (to-infinitive of purpose), which explains 'why' the action of studying is performed. It can be translated as 'in order to' or 'to'.
中文: 不定詞「to learn」在此處用作目的副詞(表示目的的不定詞),用來解釋為什麼要進行「學習(study)」這個動作。可以理解為「為了…」或「去…」。
She saves money to buy a new laptop.
她存錢是為了買一台新筆記型電腦。
EN: The phrase 'a lot' is used as an adverb meaning 'very much' or 'frequently' to modify the verb 'study'. It does not require a noun after it when used this way.
中文: 片語「a lot」在此處用作副詞,意思是「非常地」或「頻繁地」,用來修飾動詞「study(學習)」。以此方式使用時,後面不需要接名詞。
He travels a lot for his job.
他因為工作的關係經常出差。
EN: The structure 'let's' (let us) is followed by a base verb to make a suggestion. When followed by an object and another verb, as in 'let's help each other follow...', the verb 'help' can take a bare infinitive (verb in its base form without 'to') or a full infinitive (with 'to'). Here, 'follow' is a bare infinitive.
中文: 結構「let's」(let us 的縮寫)後面接動詞原形,用來提出建議。當後面接賓語和另一個動詞時,如「let's help each other follow...」,動詞「help」(幫助)後面可以接不帶 to 的不定詞(動詞原形)或帶 to 的不定詞。在此處,「follow」是不帶 to 的不定詞。
Let's help him clean the kitchen.
讓我們幫他打掃廚房吧。
EN: The reciprocal pronoun 'each other' is used to show that two or more people carry out an action to one another. In this sentence, it acts as the object of the verb 'help'.
中文: 相互代名詞「each other」(彼此、互相)用於表示兩個或更多人對彼此做出某個動作。在本句中,它作為動詞「help」的受詞。
We should respect each other.
我們應該彼此尊重。
EN: The pronoun 'everyone' is grammatically singular. Therefore, it takes the singular verb 'has' instead of 'have'.
中文: 代名詞「everyone」(每個人)在文法上視為單數。因此,其後須接單數動詞「has」,而非複數動詞「have」。
Everyone wants to be happy.
每個人都想要快樂。
EN: The word 'one' is used as an indefinite pronoun to avoid repeating a previously mentioned countable noun (in this case, 'dream'). 'Too' is an adverb meaning 'also', placed at the end of the clause.
中文: 代名詞「one」在此用作不定代名詞,以避免重複前面提過的可數名詞(在此指「dream」)。「too」是副詞,意為「也」,通常放在子句的句尾。
I don't have a pen. Can you lend me one?
我沒有筆。你能借我一枝嗎?
EN: The verb 'enjoy' is always followed by a gerund (verb-ing) when expressing an action that one likes doing. It cannot be followed by an infinitive (to + verb).
中文: 動詞「enjoy」(享受/喜歡)後面接動作時,必須使用動名詞(V-ing),不能接不定詞(to + V)。
She enjoys playing the piano after dinner.
她喜歡在晚餐後彈鋼琴。
EN: The phrase 'more than anything' is a common idiom used to express that you like or want something more than any other option or activity. It functions as an adverbial modifier of degree.
中文: 片語「more than anything」字面意思是「比任何事物都多」,常用來表達「最喜歡」或「最想要」某事,在句中作為程度副詞修飾整個動作。
I want to travel to Japan more than anything.
我比任何事情都更想去日本旅遊。
EN: In English-speaking cultures, expressing personal passions and dreams with strong emphasis (like 'more than anything') is highly encouraged and seen as a sign of enthusiasm and self-awareness, especially when discussing hobbies and future careers.
中文: 在英語系國家中,用強烈的語氣(如 'more than anything')來表達個人的熱情與夢想是非常受到鼓勵的。這被視為有熱忱和自我認知的表現,特別是在討論興趣和未來職業時。
EN: The subordinate conjunction 'when' is used to introduce an adverbial clause of time, indicating the period during which the main action occurred. In this sentence, 'When I was young' sets the time frame for the main action 'I started to keep a diary'.
中文: 從屬連接詞「when」(當……時)用於引導時間副詞子句,表示主要動作發生的時間背景。在本句中,「When I was young」(當我年輕時)為主要子句「I started to keep a diary」設定了時間範圍。
When I lived in Tokyo, I ate sushi every week.
當我住在東京時,我每週都吃壽司。
EN: The verb 'start' can be followed by an infinitive ('to' + base verb) to indicate the beginning of an action. The phrase 'keep a diary' is a common collocation meaning to regularly write down daily experiences and thoughts.
中文: 動詞「start」(開始)後面可以接不定詞(to + 原形動詞)來表示開始某個動作。片語「keep a diary」是固定搭配,意思是定期寫日記以記錄日常生活與想法。
She started to learn French last month.
她上個月開始學習法文。
EN: In English-speaking cultures, 'keeping a diary' or 'journaling' is a very common personal practice from a young age, often encouraged by teachers and parents to improve writing skills and express emotions.
中文: 在英語系國家中,「keep a diary」(寫日記)或「journaling」(撰寫日誌)是從小就非常普遍的個人習慣,學校老師和家長經常鼓勵孩子藉此提升寫作能力並抒發情感。
EN: The verb 'love' can be followed by a gerund (verb-ing) to express a general preference or enjoyment of an activity. The gerund acts as the direct object of the verb.
中文: 動詞「love」(喜愛)後面可以接動名詞(動詞-ing)來表示對某項活動的普遍喜好或享受。此時動名詞作為該動詞的直接受詞。
She loves taking photos of nature.
她喜愛拍攝大自然的照片。
EN: The possessive determiner 'own' is used after a possessive adjective (like 'my', 'your', 'his', 'her') to emphasize that something belongs to a specific person and no one else.
中文: 所有格限定詞「own」(自己的)用於所有格形容詞(如「my」、「your」、「his」、「her」)之後,用以強調某物專屬於特定的人,而非其他人。
He wants to build his own house.
他想要建造他自己的房子。
EN: The verb 'hope' is followed by a to-infinitive (to + base verb) when expressing a desire to perform an action in the future.
中文: 動詞「hope」(希望)後面接不定詞(to + 原形動詞),用來表示希望在未來能進行某個動作或達成某個狀態。
She hopes to travel around the world next year.
她希望明年能環遊世界。
EN: The prepositional phrase 'in the future' is used as an adverbial modifier to specify when an event or state is expected to happen.
中文: 介系詞片語「in the future」(在未來)在此作為副詞修飾語,用來明確指出預期事件或狀態發生的時間點。
I want to buy a house in the future.
我希望未來能買一棟房子。
EN: The infinitive phrase 'To improve...' is used as an adverbial of purpose at the beginning of the sentence to state the goal or intention before the main action. It is often separated from the main clause by a comma.
中文: 不定詞片語「To improve...」(為了提升...)在此處用作目的狀語,置於句首以在主句動作發生前先說明目標或意圖,通常會用逗號與主句隔開。
To pass the exam, she studied until midnight.
為了通過考試,她讀書讀到半夜。
EN: The coordinating conjunction 'and' connects two parallel verbs in the simple present tense: 'read' and 'practice'. Both verbs share the same subject 'I'.
中文: 對等連接詞「and」連接兩個簡單現在式的平行動詞:「read」(閱讀)與「practice」(練習)。這兩個動詞共用同一個主詞「I」(我)。
I eat healthy food and exercise every day.
我每天吃健康的食物並運動。
EN: The coordinating conjunction 'but' is used to connect two independent clauses (complete sentences) that show contrast. A comma is typically placed before 'but' when it connects two independent clauses.
中文: 等立連接詞「but」(但是)用來連接兩個語意對比的獨立子句(即完整的句子)。當連接兩個獨立子句時,通常會在「but」之前加上逗號。
I wanted to go for a walk, but it started to rain.
我想去散步,但開始下雨了。
EN: The verb 'enjoy' is a transitive verb that must be followed by a noun, pronoun, or a gerund (V-ing) as its object. In this sentence, it is followed by the noun phrase 'different things'.
中文: 動詞「enjoy」(喜愛/享受)是及物動詞,後面必須接名詞、代名詞或動名詞(V-ing)作為受詞。在本句中,它後面接的是名詞片語「different things」。
They enjoy playing board games on weekends.
他們喜歡在週末玩桌上遊戲。
EN: The noun clause starting with 'that' acts as the direct object of the verb 'believe'. The conjunction 'that' is often omitted in informal speech, but it introduces a complete sentence (subject + verb) that expresses the belief.
中文: 由「that」引導的名詞子句作為動詞「believe」的直接受詞。在口語中「that」常被省略,它引導一個完整的句子(主詞+動詞)來表達相信的內容。
I believe that we can win the game.
我相信我們能贏得這場比賽。
EN: The causative verb 'make' is followed by an object and a bare infinitive (verb in base form without 'to') to express causing something to happen. The phrase 'make a dream come true' uses 'come' as the bare infinitive.
中文: 使役動詞「make」後面接賓語(受詞)和原形動詞(不帶 to 的不定詞),用來表示使某事發生。片語「make a dream come true」(讓夢想成真)中,使用「come」作為原形動詞。
She wants to make her parents proud.
她想要讓她的父母感到驕傲。
EN: The phrase 'make a dream come true' is a very common idiom in English-speaking cultures, reflecting a strong cultural value placed on individualism, self-determination, and the pursuit of personal goals (often referred to in the US as the 'American Dream').
中文: 「make a dream come true」(讓夢想成真)是英語系國家非常常見的片語,反映了西方文化中強調個人主義、自我實現以及追求個人目標的價值觀(在美國常被稱為「美國夢」)。
EN: The infinitive 'to improve' is used here as an adverbial of purpose, explaining 'why' the action (what do you do) is performed. It can be translated as 'in order to' or 'to'.
中文: 不定詞「to improve」(去改善/增進)在此處用作副詞片語,表示目的,用來解釋「為什麼」要進行前面的動作(妳做些什麼)。可以理解為「為了……」。
I study hard to pass the exam.
我努力讀書以通過考試。
EN: The word 'writing' is a gerund (verb + -ing acting as a noun), serving as the object of the transitive verb 'improve'. It refers to the activity or skill of writing.
中文: 動名詞(動詞 + -ing 當作名詞使用)「writing」在此處作為及物動詞「improve」的受詞,指的是「寫作」這項活動或技能。
She enjoys reading novels in her free time.
她空閒時喜歡閱讀小說。
EN: The infinitive 'to learn' is used here as an adverbial of purpose (to-infinitive of purpose), which explains 'why' the action of reading is performed. It can be translated as 'in order to' or 'so as to'.
中文: 不定詞「to learn」在此處用作目的副詞(表示目的的不定詞),用來解釋「為什麼」要進行閱讀這個動作。它可以被翻譯為「為了…」或「以便…」。
She saves money to buy a new laptop.
她存錢是為了買一台新筆記型電腦。
EN: The phrase 'a lot' is used as an adverb meaning 'very much' or 'frequently' to modify the verb 'read'.
中文: 片語「a lot」在此處用作副詞,意思是「非常地」或「頻繁地」,用來修飾動詞「read」(閱讀)。
He travels a lot for his job.
他因為工作的關係經常出差。
EN: The 'to-infinitive' (to + base verb) is used here as an adverbial of purpose, explaining 'why' the action (watching cooking shows) is performed. It can be translated as 'in order to' or 'to'.
中文: 不定詞(to + 原形動詞)在此處作為副詞片語,用來表示目的,解釋為什麼要進行某個動作(觀看烹飪節目)。可以理解為「為了…」或「來…」。
She studies hard to pass the exam.
她努力讀書以通過考試。
EN: Direct speech is often followed by a reporting verb (like 'says') and the speaker's name. In English, when the reporting clause comes after the quote, we use a comma inside the quotation marks instead of a period.
中文: 直接引語後面通常會接上說話動詞(如 'says')與說話者。在英文中,當說話內容放在前面時,引號內部的句尾要使用逗號而非句點。
EN: The infinitive 'to become' is used here as an adverbial of purpose (to-infinitive of purpose), which explains 'why' the action of practicing is performed. It can be translated as 'in order to' or 'so as to'.
中文: 不定詞「to become」在此處用作目的副詞(表示目的的不定詞),用來解釋「為什麼」要進行練習這個動作。它可以被理解為「為了…」或「以便…」。
She studies hard to pass the exam.
她努力讀書是為了通過考試。
EN: The verb 'says' is in the simple present tense, which is commonly used in written narratives or dialogues to report what a character is saying in the present moment of the story.
中文: 動詞「says」使用的是一般現在式,這在書面敘事或對話中非常常見,用來轉述角色在故事當下所說的話。
"I am ready," says Sarah.
「我準備好了,」莎拉說。
EN: In English narratives, the reporting verb (like 'says' or 'said') can sometimes be placed before the subject (e.g., 'says Ryan' instead of 'Ryan says') when it comes after a direct quote. This is a stylistic choice common in storytelling to keep the focus on the dialogue.
中文: 在英文敘事中,當引導動詞(如 'says' 或 'said')放在直接引語之後時,有時會放在主詞前面(例如 'says Ryan' 而非 'Ryan says')。這是一種在故事創作中常見的修辭風格,旨在將讀者的注意力保持在對話內容上。
EN: The infinitive 'to enter' is used here as an adverbial of purpose (to-infinitive of purpose), which explains 'why' the action of studying hard is performed. It can be translated as 'in order to' or 'so as to'.
中文: 不定詞「to enter」在此處用作目的副詞(表示目的的不定詞),用來解釋「為什麼」要進行努力讀書的動作。它可以翻譯為「為了…」或「以便…」。
She saves money to buy a new laptop.
她存錢是為了買一台新筆記型電腦。
EN: The verb 'study' is modified by the adverb 'hard'. In English, 'hard' can function as both an adjective and an adverb. Here, it is an adverb meaning 'with a great deal of effort'.
中文: 動詞「study」由副詞「hard」修飾。在英文中,「hard」既可以作形容詞也可以作副詞。在這裡,它是一個副詞,意思是「努力地、費勁地」。
He works hard to support his family.
他努力工作以扶養他的家庭。
EN: In many cultures, including English-speaking countries, entering 'medical school' is highly prestigious and competitive, requiring immense dedication and high academic achievement. Unlike some countries where students enter medical school directly after high school, in the US and Canada, medical school is a graduate-level program entered after completing a bachelor's degree.
中文: 在包括英語系國家在內的許多文化中,考進「醫學院」(medical school)是非常具有聲望且競爭激烈的,需要極大的專注力與極高的學術成就。與某些高中畢業後直接就讀醫學系的國家不同,在美國和加拿大,醫學院是完成學士學位後才能申請的研究所階段課程。
EN: The infinitive 'to improve' is used here as an infinitive of purpose, which explains 'why' the action of taking classes is performed. It can be translated as 'in order to' or 'to'.
中文: 不定詞「to improve」在此處用作表示目的的不定詞,用來解釋「為什麼」要進行上課這個動作。它可以翻譯為「為了…」或「以便…」。
He exercises every day to stay healthy.
他每天運動以保持健康。
EN: The word 'painting' is a gerund (a verb ending in -ing that functions as a noun). Here, it acts as the noun meaning the activity or art of creating pictures with paint.
中文: 「painting」這個字是動名詞(以 -ing 結尾、具備名詞功能的動詞)。在這裡,它作為名詞使用,指的是用顏料創作畫作的活動或藝術(繪畫技巧/畫作)。
My sister is very good at painting.
我妹妹非常擅長繪畫。
EN: The Present Continuous Tense (be + verb-ing) is used here to describe an ongoing action or a process happening around the present time ('are working').
中文: 現在進行式(be 動詞 + 現在分詞)在此處用於描述目前正在進行的動作或持續中的過程('are working',正在努力)。
They are studying hard to pass the exam.
他們正在努力學習以通過考試。
EN: The 'to-infinitive' (to + base verb) is used to express purpose, answering the question 'why' an action is performed. Here, 'to reach' explains the purpose of 'working'.
中文: 不定詞(to + 原型動詞)可用於表示目的,回答某動作「為什麼」進行。在此處,「to reach」(為了實現)解釋了「working」(努力)的目的。
She saved money to buy a new laptop.
她存錢是為了買一台新筆電。
EN: Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It is treated as a singular noun, so it takes a singular verb (e.g., 'is').
中文: 動名詞當主詞:動名詞(動詞 + -ing)可以當作名詞使用,並在句子中擔任主詞。動名詞主詞視為單數,因此後方要接單數動詞(例如 'is')。
Learning a new language takes time.
學習一門新語言需要時間。
EN: Adverb 'however' as a Parenthetical Insert: 'however' is used to show contrast. When placed at the end of a clause or sentence, it is preceded by a comma and adds a sense of 'but' or 'nevertheless' to the entire statement.
中文: 副詞 'however'(然而)作為插入語:'however' 用於表示對比。當放在子句或句子的末尾時,前面會加上逗號,為整個陳述增添「但是」或「儘管如此」的語氣。
The test was difficult; I passed, however.
這場考試很難;然而,我還是通過了。
EN: In English narratives, when quoting direct speech, the reporting verb (like 'says' or 'asked') often undergoes inversion when it comes after the quote (e.g., 'says Emma' instead of 'Emma says'). This is a common stylistic device in storytelling to keep the focus on the dialogue.
中文: 在英文故事敘述中,當引用直接引語時,如果說話者交代放在引號後面,動詞常會與主詞倒裝(例如用 'says Emma' 代替 'Emma says')。這是故事創作中常見的修辭手法,能將讀者的注意力保持在對話內容上。
EN: The verb 'enjoy' is a transitive verb that must be followed by a gerund (V-ing) rather than an infinitive (to V) when expressing an action that one finds pleasure in doing.
中文: 動詞「enjoy」(享受/喜歡)是及物動詞,後面接動作時必須使用動名詞(V-ing),而不能接不定詞(to V)。
They enjoy playing board games on weekends.
他們週末喜歡玩桌上遊戲。
EN: The nominal relative clause (or noun clause) introduced by 'what' functions as the object of the gerund 'doing'. Here, 'what' means 'the thing(s) that' and contains its own antecedent.
中文: 由「what」引導的名詞關係子句(或稱名詞子句)在此作為動名詞「doing」的受詞。這裡的「what」相當於「the thing(s) that」(所……的事物),本身已包含先行詞。
She always says what she thinks.
她總是想什麼就說什麼。
EN: In English narrative writing, especially in stories or dialogues, it is very common to invert the subject and verb (e.g., 'says Ryan' instead of 'Ryan says') when the reporting verb comes after the direct speech. This style adds a literary and rhythmic flow to the story.
中文: 在英文故事或對話的寫作中,當引述動詞放在直接引語後面時,非常流行將主詞和動詞倒裝(例如用「says Ryan」代替「Ryan says」)。這種寫法能為故事增添文學感與節奏感。
EN: The preposition 'to' can be followed by a gerund (V-ing) when it functions as a preposition meaning 'directed toward' or 'associated with', rather than as part of an infinitive verb. In the phrase 'the secret to...', 'to' is a preposition, so the verb 'give' must become the gerund 'giving'.
中文: 介系詞「to」後面可以接動名詞(V-ing)。當「to」表示「指向」或「與...相關」的介系詞,而非不定詞的一部分時,後面必須接動名詞。在「the secret to...(...的秘訣)」這個片語中,「to」是介系詞,因此動詞「give」必須變成動名詞「giving」。
The key to learning a new language is practice.
學習新語言的關鍵在於練習。
EN: The negative adverb 'never' is placed directly before the gerund 'giving up' to negate the action, meaning 'at no time doing so'.
中文: 否定副詞「never(從不、絕不)」直接放在動名詞「giving up」之前,用以否定該動作,表示「絕不做出該行為」。
She enjoys never having to wake up early on weekends.
她很享受週末絕不需要早起的生活。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中: 決定、下決心做某事
在本文中: 練習、反覆做以求熟練
在本文中: 不同的、不一樣的
在本文中: 改進、提高(技能或品質)
在本文中: 尊重、敬重
在本文中: 相信、認為
在本文中: 醫學的、醫療的
在本文中: 秘訣、訣竅
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
Time when you are not working or studying and can do what you want.
空閒時間、餘暇
Used to refer to each member of a group when they are doing something to or with the other members.
彼此、互相
To become reality; to actually happen.
實現、成真
To stop trying to do something before you have finished, usually because it is too difficult.
放棄