EN： Tag questions (or question tags) are short questions added to the end of statements. When the main statement is positive, the tag question is usually negative. It is used to ask for agreement or confirmation.
中文： 附加問句（Tag questions）是加在陳述句末尾的簡短問句。當主要陳述句為肯定時，附加問句通常為否定。常用於尋求對方的同意或確認。
You speak English, don't you?
你會說英文，不是嗎？
EN： Reporting verbs like 'ask' are used to report direct speech. In written English, the reporting clause (e.g., 'asks Hana') can be placed after the quoted speech.
中文： 像「ask」（問）這樣的引述動詞用於轉述直接引語。在英文書寫中，引述子句（例如「asks Hana」）可以放在引號對話之後。
"I am ready," says Leo.
「我準備好了，」里奧說道。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, tag questions are a common social lubricant. They are frequently used in small talk to make the conversation feel more interactive and friendly, inviting the other person to speak without putting pressure on them.
中文： 在英語系國家中，附加問句（tag questions）是常見的社交潤滑劑。在閒聊（small talk）中經常使用，能讓對話顯得更具互動性與親切感，在不給對方壓力的情況下邀請對方接話。
EN： Tag questions (e.g., 'don't you?') are added to the end of statements to ask for agreement or confirmation. If the main clause is positive, the tag question is negative.
中文： 附加問句（例如 'don't you?'）常加在陳述句的句尾，用來尋求對方的同意或確認。如果前半句是肯定句，後半部的附加問句就要用否定形式。
You like coffee, don't you?
你喜歡咖啡，不是嗎？
EN： Short answers with auxiliary verbs (e.g., 'Yes, I do') are used to avoid repeating the main verb of the previous question.
中文： 使用助動詞的簡短回答（例如 'Yes, I do'）用來避免重複前一句問句中的主要動詞。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, tag questions are a common way to keep a conversation flowing and invite the other person to speak, making the interaction feel more friendly and collaborative.
中文： 在英語系國家中，附加問句是維持對話流暢並邀請對方發言的常用方式，這能讓彼此的互動顯得更加友善且具互動性。
EN： Tag questions (or question tags) are short questions added to the end of statements. When the main statement is negative ('She isn't coming'), the tag question is positive ('is she?'). This is used to confirm information or seek agreement.
中文： 附加問句（Tag questions）是加在陳述句末尾的簡短問句。當主要陳述句為否定句（如「She isn't coming」）時，附加問句必須使用肯定形式（如「is she?」）。這通常用於確認訊息或尋求對方的同意。
You aren't angry, are you?
你沒有生氣，對吧？
EN： The present continuous tense (be + verb-ing) can be used to talk about planned future arrangements, especially with time expressions like 'today' or 'tomorrow'.
中文： 現在進行式（be 動詞 + 現在分詞）可用於表示已安排好的未來計劃，特別是與「today」（今天）或「tomorrow」（明天）等時間副詞連用時。
They are leaving tomorrow.
他們明天要離開了。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, tag questions are frequently used in daily conversations to build rapport, show interest, or gently confirm information without sounding too demanding or interrogative.
中文： 在英語系國家中，附加問句（tag questions）非常頻繁地應用於日常對話中。這是一種建立和諧關係、展現興趣或溫和確認訊息的方式，能避免語氣顯得過於強硬或像在審問。
EN： Tag questions (附加問句) are used to confirm information or seek agreement. When the main statement is positive ('He can swim well'), the tag question is negative ('can't he?'). The auxiliary or modal verb from the main clause is repeated in the tag.
中文： 附加問句（Tag questions）用於確認訊息或尋求對方同意。當主要陳述句為肯定句（「He can swim well」）時，附加問句需使用否定形式（「can't he?」）。主要子句中的助動詞或情態助動詞會重複出現在附加問句中。
She can play the violin, can't she?
她會拉小提琴，不是嗎？
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used to express ability. It is followed by the base form of the verb (bare infinitive), in this case, 'swim'.
中文： 情態助動詞「can」用於表示能力。其後接動詞原形（不帶 to 的不定詞），在此處為「swim」（游泳）。
They can speak English fluently.
他們能流利地說英語。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, tag questions are frequently used in casual conversation to build rapport and keep the conversation flowing. It invites the listener to respond without making the statement sound too demanding or aggressive.
中文： 在英語系國家的文化中，附加問句（tag questions）經常被用於日常閒聊中，以建立融洽的關係並讓對話持續進行。它能禮貌地邀請聽者做出回應，而不會讓說話者的陳述顯得過於強硬或咄咄逼人。
EN： The Present Perfect Tense (have + past participle) is used here to describe an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past, emphasizing the connection to the present.
中文： 現在完成式（have + 過去分詞）在此用於描述過去某個不確定時間點發生的動作，強調該動作與現在的關聯性。
I have visited Paris twice.
我已經去過巴黎兩次了。
EN： Tag Questions are short questions added to the end of statements. If the main clause is positive ('We have met'), the tag is negative ('haven't we?'). They are used to confirm information.
中文： 附加問句是加在句子末尾的簡短問句。如果主句是肯定句（'We have met'），附加問句就用否定形式（'haven't we?'），用於確認訊息。
You have finished your homework, haven't you?
你已經寫完功課了，對吧？
EN： In English-speaking cultures, using a tag question like 'haven't we?' is a polite and friendly way to initiate a conversation with someone you think you recognize, as it invites them to respond and confirm.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用像 'haven't we?' 這樣的附加問句，是一種非常有禮貌且友善的社交方式。當你覺得認得某人時，這能引導對方回應並確認，進而開啟對話。
EN： Tag questions (or question tags) are short questions added to the end of a statement. When the main statement is negative ('You didn't...'), the tag question is positive ('did you?'). They are used to confirm information or seek agreement.
中文： 附加問句（Tag questions）是加在陳述句末尾的簡短問句。當主要陳述句為否定句（如「You didn't...」）時，附加問句必須使用肯定形式（如「did you?」）。這通常用於確認訊息或尋求對方的同意。
You didn't see him, did you?
你沒有看到他，對吧？
EN： In dialogue attribution, the reporting verb (e.g., 'asks') can come after the quoted speech. When the subject is a proper noun (like 'Hana'), the word order is typically 'verb + subject' (asks Hana) or 'subject + verb' (Hana asks).
中文： 在對話引述中，引述動詞（例如「asks」）可以放在引號說話內容的後面。當主詞是專有名詞（如「哈娜」）時，語序通常可以使用「動詞 + 主詞」（asks Hana）或「主詞 + 動詞」（Hana asks）。
"I am ready," says Leo.
「我準備好了，」里奧說。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, using a negative statement with a positive tag question like 'You didn't..., did you?' can sometimes be a polite or indirect way of asking for confirmation, especially if the speaker suspects the answer might be negative or wants to avoid sounding too accusatory.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用否定陳述搭配肯定附加問句（如「You didn't..., did you?」）有時是一種委婉或間接確認訊息的方式，特別是當說話者預期答案可能是否定，或想避免聽起來太像在指責對方時。
EN： Tag questions (e.g., 'isn't it?') are added to the end of statements to ask for agreement or confirmation. If the main clause is positive ('It is...'), the tag question is negative ('isn't it?').
中文： 附加問句（例如 'isn't it?'）常加在陳述句的句尾，用來尋求對方的同意或確認。如果主句是肯定句（'It is...'），附加問句就要用否定形式（'isn't it?'）。
You are ready, aren't you?
你準備好了，不是嗎？
EN： Direct speech with reporting verbs: When reporting what someone said directly, the spoken words are placed in quotation marks, followed by a reporting verb (like 'says') and the subject (the speaker).
中文： 直接引語與引述動詞：當直接引用某人所說的話時，說話內容會放在引號內，後面接引述動詞（如 'says'）和主詞（說話者）。
"I am tired," says Leo.
「我累了，」里奧說。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, talking about the weather ('It is a nice day') is a classic, polite way to start a conversation or make small talk. Adding a tag question ('isn't it?') invites the other person to respond and agree, fostering a friendly atmosphere.
中文： 在英語系國家中，談論天氣（如「今天天氣真好」）是開始對話或進行閒聊（small talk）的經典且禮貌的方式。加上附加問句（'isn't it?'）能主動邀請對方回應與表達認同，有助於營造友好的社交氛圍。
EN： Tag questions (or question tags) are short questions added to the end of a statement. If the main clause is positive, the tag question is negative. For past simple verbs (like 'won'), we use the auxiliary verb 'did' in the tag.
中文： 附加問句（或稱尾問句）是加在陳述句末尾的簡短問句。如果主句是肯定句，附加問句就用否定形式。對於一般過去時的動詞（如 'won'），我們在附加問句中使用助動詞 'did'。
You saw the movie, didn't you?
你看了那部電影，不是嗎？
EN： Reporting verbs in direct speech can be placed after the quoted speech. In this structure, the subject ('Emma') and the verb ('asks') can either follow standard word order (Subject + Verb) or be inverted (Verb + Subject) if the subject is a noun.
中文： 直接引語中的引述動詞可以放在引語之後。在這種結構中，主詞（「艾瑪」）和動詞（「問道」）可以遵循標準語序（主詞 + 動詞），如果主詞是名詞，也可以使用倒裝語序（動詞 + 主詞）。
"I am ready," says Leo.
「我準備好了，」里奧說。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, tag questions like 'didn't they?' are frequently used in casual conversation to build rapport, keep the listener engaged, or seek agreement rather than just asking a direct question.
中文： 在英語系國家的文化中，像 'didn't they?' 這樣的附加問句經常在日常對話中使用，目的在於建立融洽的關係、吸引聽者的注意力，或尋求對方的認同，而不僅僅是提出一個直接的問題。
EN： Tag questions (or question tags) are short questions added to the end of a statement. When the main statement is negative ('won't' / 'will not'), the tag question is positive ('will you?'). This is used to confirm information or seek agreement.
中文： 附加問句（或稱尾碼問句）是加在陳述句末尾的簡短問句。當主句是否定句（如 'won't' / 'will not'）時，附加問句需使用肯定形式（如 'will you?'）。這通常用於確認訊息或尋求對方的同意。
You won't forget to call me, will you?
你不會忘記打給我，對吧？
EN： The modal verb 'will' is used here in its contracted negative form 'won't' (will not) to express a future prediction or expectation about someone's behavior.
中文： 情態助動詞 'will' 在此處以否定縮寫形式 'won't' (will not) 出現，用來表達對某人未來行為的預測或期望。
She won't mind if we arrive early.
如果我們早點到，她應該不會介意。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, using a negative tag question like 'You won't be late, will you?' is a polite yet direct way to remind someone of an commitment, expressing a gentle expectation that they will be on time.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用像 'You won't be late, will you?' 這樣的否定附加問句，是一種既禮貌又直接的方式來提醒某人遵守約定，委婉地表達希望對方能準時的期望。
EN： Tag questions are used to confirm information or seek agreement. When the main clause is positive, the tag question is negative. Since the main clause uses the modal verb 'should', the tag question uses 'shouldn't' followed by the subject pronoun 'we'.
中文： 附加問句（Tag questions）用於確認訊息或尋求同意。當主句為肯定句時，附加問句使用否定形式。由於主句使用了情態助動詞「should」（應該），因此附加問句使用「shouldn't」，後接主詞代名詞「we」。
We should call them, shouldn't we?
我們應該打給他們，不是嗎？
EN： The modal verb 'should' is used to express duty, advice, or what is sensible. It is followed by the base form of the verb ('leave').
中文： 情態助動詞「should」用於表示義務、建議或明智的做法。其後接動詞原形（此處為「leave」）。
You should sleep early tonight.
你今晚應該早點睡。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, using tag questions like 'shouldn't we?' is a polite way to suggest an action (like leaving) without sounding too bossy or demanding. It invites the other person to agree, making the decision feel collaborative.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用像「shouldn't we?」這樣的附加問句是一種禮貌提出建議（例如離開）的方式，避免顯得過於強勢或命令式。它邀請對方表示同意，讓決定聽起來是共同做出的。
EN： Tag questions (or question tags) are short questions added to the end of statements. When the main statement is positive, the tag question is negative. For verbs in the simple present tense (like 'has' as a main verb), we use 'do' or 'does' in the tag.
中文： 附加問句（Tag questions）是加在陳述句末尾的簡短問句。當主要陳述句為肯定時，附加問句使用否定形式。對於一般現在時的動詞（如作為一般動詞的 'has'），附加問句中需使用助動詞 'do' 或 'does'。
He plays soccer, doesn't he?
他踢足球，不是嗎？
EN： In English dialogue writing, the reporting verb (like 'asks') and the subject (like 'Hana') can be placed after the quoted speech to indicate who is speaking.
中文： 在英文對話寫作中，引導動詞（如 'asks'）和主詞（如 '哈娜'）可以放在引號對話之後，用來表示是誰在說話。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, tag questions are very common in casual conversations to build rapport, confirm information, or encourage the listener to respond and keep the conversation flowing.
中文： 在英語系國家中，附加問句在日常對話中非常常見，常用於建立融洽關係、確認訊息，或鼓勵聽者做出回應以維持對話流暢。
EN： Tag questions (or question tags) are short questions added to the end of a statement. When the main statement is negative ('You aren't...'), the tag question is positive ('...are you?'). This structure is commonly used to confirm information or seek agreement.
中文： 附加問句（Tag questions）是加在陳述句末尾的簡短問句。當主要陳述句是否定句時（如「You aren't...」），附加問句要用肯定形式（如「...are you?」）。這種結構常用於確認訊息或尋求對方的同意。
You aren't hungry, are you?
你不餓，對吧？
EN： In dialogue writing, reporting verbs like 'ask' or 'say' are used to indicate who is speaking. When the reporting clause comes after the direct speech, the subject and verb can be inverted (e.g., 'asks Sarah' or 'Sarah asks').
中文： 在對話寫作中，像「ask」（問）或「say」（說）這樣的引述動詞用來指出說話者。當引述子句放在直接引語之後時，主詞和動詞可以倒裝（例如「asks Sarah」或「Sarah asks」）。
"I am ready," says Leo.
「我準備好了，」里奧說。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, using a negative statement with a positive tag question (like 'You aren't tired, are you?') is a polite and gentle way to check on someone's well-being. It shows empathy and gives the other person an easy opening to express if they are indeed feeling tired, without putting pressure on them.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用否定陳述句搭配肯定附加問句（如「You aren't tired, are you?」）是一種禮貌且溫和的關心方式。這展現了同理心，並讓對方能在沒有壓力的情況下，自然地表達自己是否真的累了。
EN： Tag Questions (附加問句) are used to confirm information or seek agreement. For a positive statement in the simple past tense, we use the negative auxiliary verb 'didn't' followed by the subject pronoun.
中文： 附加問句（Tag Questions）用於確認訊息或尋求對方同意。當前半句為肯定句且為一般過去時態時，後半句的附加問句需使用否定助動詞「didn't」加上主詞代名詞。
You enjoyed the concert, didn't you?
你很享受那場音樂會，不是嗎？
EN： The idiom 'have a great time' means to enjoy oneself immensely. It is commonly followed by a prepositional phrase (e.g., 'at the fair') to specify the location or event.
中文： 片語「have a great time」意為「玩得很開心、享受美好時光」。後面通常會接介系詞片語（例如「at the fair」）來明確指出地點或活動。
EN： In Western high schools, a 'school fair' (or carnival) is a popular community event featuring games, food booths, and activities to raise funds or build school spirit. Using tag questions like 'didn't we?' is a common, friendly way to build rapport and shared memories with friends.
中文： 在西方高中，「學校園遊會」（school fair 或 carnival）是常見的校園盛事，設有遊戲、攤位和各種活動，用以籌款或凝聚學校向心力。使用像「didn't we?」這樣的附加問句，是與朋友建立共鳴、共同回味美好回憶時非常親切且常見的表達方式。
EN： Tag questions are used to confirm information or seek agreement. When the main clause is positive ('You remember...'), the tag question is negative ('don't you?'). Since 'remember' is in the simple present tense, we use the auxiliary verb 'do' in its negative form 'don't' followed by the subject pronoun 'you'.
中文： 附加問句（Tag questions）用於確認訊息或尋求對方同意。當主句為肯定句（「You remember...」）時，附加問句需使用否定形式（「don't you?」）。由於「remember」是現在簡單式動詞，因此我們使用助動詞「do」的否定縮寫「don't」，後接主詞代名詞「you」。
You live near the school, don't you?
你住學校附近，對吧？
EN： Noun adjuncts (or noun modifiers) occur when a noun is used to modify another noun. In 'the lantern festival', the noun 'lantern' acts as an adjective to describe the type of 'festival'.
中文： 名詞修飾語（Noun adjuncts）是指一個名詞被用來修飾另一個名詞。在「the lantern festival」中，名詞「lantern」（燈籠）充當形容詞，用來描述「festival」（節日）的類型，合起來指「燈節」或「元宵節」。
We enjoyed the coffee shop yesterday.
我們昨天去了那家咖啡店，玩得很開心。
EN： In Western contexts, a 'lantern festival' might refer to specific local cultural events, light festivals, or Asian cultural celebrations (like the traditional Chinese Lantern Festival) that have become popular globally. Using tag questions like 'don't you?' is a common, friendly way in English-speaking cultures to build rapport and keep a conversation flowing by inviting the other person to respond.
中文： 在西方語境中，「lantern festival」（燈節）可能指地方性的光影藝術節，或是已在全球流行開來的亞洲傳統元宵燈會。在英語系國家中，使用像「don't you?」這樣的附加問句是一種非常普遍且友善的社交方式，能拉近彼此距離，並透過邀請對方回應來維持對話的流暢度。
EN： Tag questions are short questions added to the end of a statement to confirm information or seek agreement. For a positive statement in the simple past tense, we use the negative auxiliary verb 'didn't' followed by the subject pronoun.
中文： 附加問句（Tag questions）是加在陳述句末尾的簡短問句，用於確認訊息或尋求同意。對於過去簡單式的肯定陳述句，我們使用否定助動詞「didn't」加上主詞代名詞。
They finished the project on time, didn't they?
他們準時完成了專案，不是嗎？
EN： The phrasal verb 'work hard on something' means to put a lot of effort and energy into a specific task, project, or activity.
中文： 片語動詞「work hard on something」表示在特定的任務、專案或活動上投入大量的努力與精力。
She worked really hard on her presentation.
她在她的簡報上非常努力。
EN： In school festivals or fairs, classes often work together to set up 'booths' (for games, food, or crafts). This fosters teamwork and a sense of collective achievement, which is why Hana uses 'Our class' and 'we' to emphasize shared effort.
中文： 在學校園遊會或市集中，各班級通常會一起合作擺設「攤位」（進行遊戲、販售食物或手工藝品）。這能培養團隊合作與集體成就感，這也是為什麼哈娜使用「我們班」和「我們」來強調共同的努力。
EN： Tag Questions (附加問句): Used to confirm information or seek agreement. When the main statement is positive ('Emma painted...'), the tag question is negative ('didn't she?'). Since 'painted' is in the simple past tense, we use the auxiliary verb 'did' in its negative form 'didn't' followed by the subject pronoun 'she'.
中文： 附加問句：用於確認訊息或尋求對方同意。當主要陳述句為肯定句（「艾瑪畫了...」）時，附加問句要用否定形式（「不是嗎？」）。因為 painted 是簡單過去式，所以我們使用助動詞 did 的否定縮寫形式 didn't，後面加上主詞代名詞 she。
You liked the movie, didn't you?
你喜歡那部電影，不是嗎？
EN： Superlative Adjectives (最高級形容詞): 'The best' is the superlative form of 'good'. It is used to compare three or more things to show which one has the highest degree of a quality. It is almost always preceded by the definite article 'the'.
中文： 最高級形容詞：「the best」是「good」的最高級形式。用於比較三個或以上的事物，以表示哪一個具有最高程度的特質。最高級形容詞前面幾乎總會加上定冠詞 the。
This is the best book I have ever read.
這是我讀過最棒的一本書。
EN： In English-speaking school cultures, events like 'school fairs' or 'booths' are highly collaborative. Complimenting a peer's work (like Emma's poster) and seeking agreement using tag questions is a common way to build rapport, share positive memories, and reinforce group bonding.
中文： 在英語系的學校文化中，像「學校園遊會」或「攤位」這類的活動非常強調團隊合作。讚美同儕的作品（例如艾瑪畫的海報），並使用附加問句來尋求他人的認同，是建立良好關係、分享美好回憶以及增強團隊凝聚力的常見社交方式。
EN： Tag questions (or question tags) are short questions added to the end of a statement. When the main statement is positive, the tag question is negative. Since the main verb is the past tense of 'be' ('were'), the tag uses the negative past tense 'weren't' followed by the pronoun 'they' to refer to 'the games'.
中文： 附加問句（Tag questions）是加在陳述句末尾的簡短問句。當主要陳述句為肯定時，附加問句使用否定。因為主要動詞是 be 動詞的過去式（were），所以附加問句使用否定的過去式（weren't），後面加上代名詞（they）來指代「the games」（那些遊戲）。
The tickets were expensive, weren't they?
那些門票很貴，不是嗎？
EN： The adverb 'so' is used as an intensifier before adjectives to mean 'very' or 'to a high degree', adding emotional emphasis to the speaker's statement.
中文： 副詞「so」在形容詞前用作強化詞，表示「非常」或「極度」，為說話者的陳述增添情感上的強調。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, tag questions like 'weren't they?' are highly social. They are frequently used to build rapport, keep a conversation flowing, and invite the listener to agree with the speaker's opinion, fostering a sense of shared experience.
中文： 在英語系國家的文化中，像 'weren't they?' 這樣的附加問句具有高度的社交功能。它們常用於建立融洽的關係、保持對話流暢，並邀請聽者同意說話者的觀點，從而營造一種共同體驗的氛圍。
EN： The Past Perfect Tense ('had' + past participle) is used to describe an action or state that occurred before another point in the past. Here, 'had never seen' emphasizes that prior to that specific school fair, the speakers had no such experience.
中文： 過去完成式（had + 過去分詞）用於描述在過去某個時間點或動作之前已經發生或未曾發生的狀態。在此處，「had never seen」強調在該次校慶園遊會之前，說話者們從未有過看過這麼多人的經驗。
She had never traveled abroad before last summer.
在去年夏天之前，她從未出國旅遊過。
EN： Tag Questions are short questions added to the end of statements to seek agreement or confirmation. When the main statement is negative ('We had never seen...'), the tag question is positive ('had we?'). Note that 'never' makes the statement negative.
中文： 附加問句是加在陳述句末尾的簡短問句，用於尋求同意或確認。當主句為否定句時（因含有否定詞 'never'，故 'We had never seen...' 為否定），附加問句需使用肯定形式（'had we?'）。
You had not finished your homework, had you?
你那時還沒寫完功課，對吧？
EN： In English-speaking cultures, using tag questions like 'had we?' or 'didn't we?' is a very common social strategy to build rapport, show shared experience, and encourage the listener to agree and keep the conversation flowing warmly.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用如「had we?」或「didn't we?」之類的附加問句是一種非常常見的社交策略。這能建立彼此的融洽關係、展現共同經歷，並鼓勵聽者表示贊同，從而讓對話溫馨、順暢地延續下去。
EN： Tag questions (附加問句) are used to confirm information or seek agreement. When the main clause is positive, the tag question is negative. For indefinite pronouns like 'everyone' or 'everybody', the pronoun 'they' is used in the tag question, and the auxiliary verb must agree with 'they' (e.g., 'didn't they' for past simple).
中文： 附加問句用於確認訊息或尋求對方同意。當主句為肯定句時，附加問句使用否定形式。當主詞是像 'everyone'（每個人）或 'everybody' 這樣的不定代名詞時，附加問句中的代名詞要用 'they'，且助動詞必須與 'they' 一致（例如過去簡單式使用 'didn't they'）。
Everyone enjoyed the party, didn't they?
每個人都很享受那場派對，不是嗎？
EN： The indefinite pronoun 'everyone' is grammatically singular and takes a singular verb in the main clause (though referred to by the plural pronoun 'they' in tag questions or subsequent sentences to maintain gender neutrality).
中文： 不定代名詞 'everyone'（每個人）在文法上視為單數，因此在主句中搭配單數動詞（雖然在附加問句或後續句子中會使用複數代名詞 'they' 來表示，以保持性別中立）。
Everyone has their own preferences.
每個人都有自己的偏好。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, commenting on food using tag questions (e.g., '..., didn't they?') is a common and polite way to initiate small talk or build rapport during social gatherings, such as school fairs or dinner parties.
中文： 在英語系國家中，在社交場合（如學校園遊會或聚餐）利用附加問句（例如「...，不是嗎？」）來評論食物，是一種非常常見且禮貌的閒聊（small talk）方式，能有效拉近與對方的距離並建立共鳴。
EN： Tag questions (or question tags) are short questions added to the end of a statement. When the main statement is positive, the tag question is negative. Here, the modal verb 'should' in the positive statement 'We should...' becomes 'shouldn't we?' in the tag.
中文： 附加問句（Tag questions）是加在陳述句末尾的簡短問句。當主要陳述句為肯定時，附加問句使用否定形式。在此句中，肯定陳述句中的情態助動詞「should」（我們應該...）在附加問句中轉變為否定形式的「shouldn't we?」。
We should help them, shouldn't we?
我們應該幫助他們，不是嗎？
EN： The adverb 'all' is used here as an intensifying adverb meaning 'completely' or 'entirely' to emphasize the action of doing the whole activity again.
中文： 副詞「all」在此處用作強調副詞，意為「完全地」或「全部地」，用以強調將整個活動「再完整重複一次」的動作。
They did it all over again.
他們把那件事全部重新做了一遍。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, using tag questions like 'shouldn't we?' or 'don't you?' is a common social strategy to build rapport, show friendliness, and invite the listener into the conversation, rather than just stating facts aggressively.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用如「shouldn't we?」或「don't you?」等附加問句是一種常見的社交策略。這能建立和諧的對話關係、展現友善，並邀請聽者參與對話，而不是單方面強硬地陳述事實。
EN： Tag questions (e.g., ', don't they?') are used to confirm information or seek agreement. When the main clause is positive, the tag question is negative. Since 'Days' is plural and the verb 'stay' is in the simple present tense, we use the auxiliary verb 'do' in its negative form 'don't' followed by the pronoun 'they'.
中文： 附加問句（例如「, don't they?」）用於確認訊息或尋求對方的同意。當主句為肯定句時，附加問句使用否定形式。因為主詞「Days」為複數，且動詞「stay」為一般現在式，所以我們使用助動詞「do」的否定縮寫「don't」，後接代名詞「they」。
These stories touch our hearts, don't they?
這些故事觸動了我們的心弦，不是嗎？
EN： The prepositional phrase 'like this' acts as an adjective modifying the noun 'Days', meaning 'similar to this' or 'of this kind'.
中文： 介係詞片語「like this」在此作為形容詞修飾名詞「Days」，表示「像這樣的」或「這種類型的」。
Moments like this are unforgettable.
像這樣的時刻是令人難忘的。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, sharing nostalgic sentiments using tag questions is a common way to build rapport and emotional connection. It invites the listener to share in a warm, collective memory, reinforcing social bonds.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用附加問句來分享懷舊或感性的情緒是一種很常見的社交方式，能有效建立人際連結與情感共鳴。這是在邀請聽者一同分享這段溫馨的集體記憶，進而增進彼此的感情。
EN： Tag questions (附加問句) are used to confirm information. When the main clause is positive ('You brought...'), the tag question is negative ('didn't you?'). Since 'brought' is in the simple past tense, we use the auxiliary verb 'did' in its negative form 'didn't'.
中文： 附加問句（Tag questions）用於確認訊息。當主句為肯定句（「You brought...」）時，附加問句要用否定形式（「didn't you?」）。因為「brought」是簡單過去式，所以我們使用助動詞「did」的否定縮寫「didn't」。
You saw the movie, didn't you?
你看了那部電影，對吧？
EN： In direct speech, when the reporting verb (like 'asks') comes after the quoted speech, the subject and verb can remain in the standard order (Subject + Verb, e.g., 'Sarah asks' or 'asks Sarah'). Here, 'asks Sarah' uses inversion for stylistic emphasis.
中文： 在直接引語中，當引導動詞（如「asks」）放在引語後面時，主詞和動詞可以保持標準順序，也可以使用倒裝（如「asks Sarah」）以達到修辭上的強調效果。
"I am ready," says Leo.
「我準備好了，」里奧說。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, using tag questions like 'didn't you?' is a common, polite way to start a conversation or confirm a detail without sounding too demanding or interrogative. It invites the other person to speak.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用像「didn't you?」這樣的附加問句是一種常見且禮貌的社交方式。它能用來開啟對話或確認細節，而不會顯得過於強勢或像在審問，能自然地引導對方接話。
EN： Tag questions (e.g., 'don't you?') are used to confirm information or seek agreement. When the main clause is positive ('You want...'), the tag question is negative ('don't you?'), using the auxiliary verb that corresponds to the main verb's tense.
中文： 附加問句（例如「don't you?」）用於確認訊息或尋求對方同意。當主句為肯定句（「You want...」）時，附加問句使用否定形式（「don't you?」），並使用與主句動詞時態相對應的助動詞。
You like coffee, don't you?
你喜歡咖啡，對吧？
EN： Short answers with auxiliary verbs (e.g., 'Yes, I did') are used to avoid repeating the entire verb phrase from the previous question. The auxiliary verb ('did') must match the tense of the question asked.
中文： 使用助動詞的簡短回答（例如「Yes, I did」）用於避免重複前一個問題中的整個動詞片語。助動詞（「did」）必須與所問問題的時態相符。
Did you finish the homework? Yes, I did.
你寫完功課了嗎？是的，我寫完了。
EN： Tag questions (e.g., 'can't we?') are used at the end of statements to ask for agreement or confirmation. When the main clause is positive ('We can...'), the tag question is negative ('can't we?'). The auxiliary or modal verb from the main clause is repeated in the tag.
中文： 附加問句（例如 'can't we?'）用於陳述句的末尾，以尋求對方的同意或確認。當主句為肯定句（'We can...'）時，附加問句使用否定形式（'can't we?'）。主句中的助動詞或情態動詞會重複出現在附加問句中。
You can play the guitar, can't you?
你會彈吉他，不是嗎？
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used here to express ability or possibility in the present or future. It is followed by the base form of the verb ('win').
中文： 情態動詞「can」在此處用於表示現在或未來的能力或可能性。其後接動詞原形（'win'）。
We can finish this project on time.
我們可以準時完成這個專案。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, using tag questions like 'can't we?' or 'don't you?' is a common conversational strategy to build rapport, encourage agreement, and foster team spirit. It invites the listener into the conversation rather than just making a flat statement.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用像 'can't we?' 或 'don't you?' 這樣的附加問句是一種常見的對話策略，旨在建立融洽關係、鼓勵認同並培養團隊精神。它能邀請聽者參與對話，而不是僅僅進行單方面的陳述。
EN： Negative Tag Questions: When the main clause is negative ('You aren't...'), the tag question is positive ('are you?'). This structure is used to confirm information or seek agreement.
中文： 否定附加問句：當主句為否定句（如「You aren't...」）時，附加問句需使用肯定形式（如「are you?」）。此結構用於確認訊息或尋求對方的同意。
You aren't angry with me, are you?
你沒有在生我的氣，對吧？
EN： Present Continuous Tense for Current Actions: The verb phrase 'are giving up' uses the present continuous tense (be + verb-ing) to describe an action that is currently in progress or expected to happen.
中文： 現在進行式表示目前行為：動詞片語「are giving up」使用現在進行式（be 動詞 + 現在分詞）來描述目前正在進行或預期發生的動作（在此指「放棄」）。
They are working on the project right now.
他們現在正在進行那個專案。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, tag questions like 'aren't you?' or 'are you?' are frequently used in casual conversation to build rapport, show empathy, or gently encourage the listener to keep talking without sounding too demanding.
中文： 在英語系國家中，像「aren't you?」或「are you?」這樣的附加問句經常出現在日常對話中。這是一種建立友好關係、表達同理心的方式，能溫和地鼓勵對方繼續說下去，而不會顯得過於強勢或咄咄逼人。
EN： Tag Questions (附加問句): Used to confirm information or seek agreement. When the main clause is positive ('We have...'), the tag question is negative ('don't we?'). Since 'have' is used here as a main verb in the simple present tense, the auxiliary verb 'do' (in its negative form 'don't') is used in the tag.
中文： 附加問句（Tag Questions）：用於確認訊息或尋求對方同意。當主句為肯定句（We have...）時，附加問句使用否定形式（don't we?）。由於此處的 'have' 是作為一般現在式的主動詞，因此附加問句中使用助動詞 'do' 的否定縮寫 'don't'。
You like coffee, don't you?
你喜歡咖啡，不是嗎？
EN： Direct Speech with Reporting Verbs (直接引語與引述動詞): When reporting what someone said, the spoken words are placed in quotation marks, followed by a reporting verb (like 'says') and the subject (like 'Leo'). In written English, a comma is placed inside the quotation marks before the closing quote.
中文： 直接引語與引述動詞：在轉述某人所說的話時，說出的內容會放在引號內，後面接引述動詞（如 'says'）和主詞（如 'Leo'）。在書面英文中，逗號需放在引號內部的引號末尾處。
"I am ready," says Sarah.
「我準備好了，」莎拉說。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, using tag questions like 'don't we?' is a very common and polite way to build rapport, check for agreement, or keep a conversation flowing smoothly. It invites the listener to participate rather than just listening passively.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用像 'don't we?' 這樣的附加問句是一種非常常見且有禮貌的社交方式。它能用來建立默契、確認雙方共識，或讓對話保持流暢，主動邀請聽者參與互動，而非只是被動聆聽。
EN： Tag questions (or question tags) are short questions added to the end of a statement. When the main statement is positive, the tag question is negative. For the future tense with 'will', the negative tag is 'won't'.
中文： 附加問句（Tag questions）是加在陳述句末尾的簡短問句。當主要陳述句為肯定時，附加問句使用否定形式。對於使用 'will' 的未來式，其否定附加問句為 'won't'。
You will help us tomorrow, won't you?
你明天會幫我們，不是嗎？
EN： The adverb 'later' is used to refer to a time in the future that is not specified, meaning 'afterwards' or 'at a subsequent time'.
中文： 副詞 'later' 用於指代未來某個未明確說明的時間，意思是「待會兒」或「稍後」。
I will call you later.
我待會兒再打給你。
EN： In English, tag questions are very common in casual conversation to keep the listener engaged or to confirm information. Using a rising intonation on the tag (won't she?) indicates a genuine question, while a falling intonation suggests the speaker is just expecting agreement.
中文： 在英語中，附加問句在日常對話中非常常見，用來吸引聽者的注意力或確認訊息。在問句尾部（won't she?）使用上揚語調表示這是一個真正的疑問；若使用下降語調，則表示說話者只是在尋求對方的認同。
EN： Tag questions (or question tags) are short questions added to the end of a statement. When the main statement is negative ('They didn't...'), the tag question is positive ('did they?'). It is used to confirm information or ask for agreement.
中文： 附加問句（Tag questions）是加在陳述句末尾的簡短問句。當主要陳述句是否定句（如 'They didn't...'）時，附加問句必須用肯定形式（如 'did they?'）。這通常用於確認訊息或尋求對方的同意。
You didn't see him, did you?
你沒有看到他，對吧？
EN： The adverb 'yet' is commonly used in negative sentences and questions to refer to a time interval stretching from the past up to the present. It indicates that something is expected to happen.
中文： 副詞「yet」（還、尚未）常用於否定句和疑問句中，用來指代從過去延伸到現在的一段時間，表示某事預期會發生但至今尚未發生。
She hasn't arrived yet.
她還沒有到達。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, using tag questions like 'did they?' or 'isn't it?' is a very common, polite way to keep a conversation going. It invites the listener to respond and confirm, making the dialogue feel more interactive and friendly.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用附加問句（如 'did they?' 或 'isn't it?'）是一種非常常見且有禮貌的社交方式，用來維持對話。這能引導聽者做出回應與確認，使對話顯得更具互動性與親切感。
EN： Tag questions (e.g., 'doesn't it?') are used to confirm information or seek agreement. When the main clause is positive ('This plan sounds good'), the tag question is negative ('doesn't it?'). Since 'sounds' is in the simple present tense and third-person singular, we use the auxiliary verb 'does' in its negative form 'doesn't' followed by the pronoun 'it'.
中文： 附加問句（例如 'doesn't it?'）用於確認訊息或尋求對方的同意。當主句為肯定句（'This plan sounds good'）時，附加問句需使用否定形式（'doesn't it?'）。由於動詞 'sounds' 為現在簡單式且為第三人稱單數，因此我們使用助動詞 'does' 的否定縮寫 'doesn't'，後面再加上代名詞 'it'。
This coffee smells great, doesn't it?
這杯咖啡聞起來很香，不是嗎？
EN： The verb 'sound' is a linking verb (copular verb) that is followed by an adjective (like 'good') rather than an adverb, to describe the subject.
中文： 動詞 'sound'（聽起來）是一個連繫動詞（感官動詞），後面必須接形容詞（如 'good'）而非副詞，用來修飾並描述主詞的狀態。
Your idea sounds wonderful.
你的點子聽起來棒極了。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, using tag questions like 'doesn't it?' is a very common social strategy to build rapport and invite the listener into the conversation, making the statement feel less like a lecture and more like an open dialogue.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用像 'doesn't it?' 這樣的附加問句是一種非常常見的社交策略。它能拉近彼此距離，並邀請聽者參與對話，使陳述聽起來不像是單方面的說教，而更像是一種開放式的交流。
EN： Tag questions (e.g., 'don't we?') are used to confirm information or seek agreement. When the main clause is positive ('We make...'), the tag question is negative ('don't we?'). The auxiliary verb 'do' is used because 'make' is a main verb in the simple present tense.
中文： 附加問句（例如 'don't we?'）用於確認訊息或尋求對方同意。當主句為肯定句（'We make...'）時，附加問句使用否定形式（'don't we?'）。因為 'make' 是一般現在時的主動詞，所以助動詞使用 'do'。
You like coffee, don't you?
你喜歡咖啡，不是嗎？
EN： The verb 'make' is used here in the sense of 'to constitute' or 'to form' a group or team, rather than physically creating something.
中文： 動詞 'make' 在此處的意思是「構成」或「組成」一個團體或隊伍，而非實體上的「製作」或「創造」。
They make a lovely couple.
他們是一對佳偶。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, using tag questions like 'don't we?' or 'isn't it?' is a common social strategy to build rapport, show friendliness, and encourage the listener to participate in the conversation.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用像 'don't we?' 或 'isn't it?' 這樣的附加問句是一種常見的社交策略，用來建立融洽的關係、展現友善，並鼓勵聽者參與對話。
EN： The suggestion structure 'Let's...' is commonly paired with the tag question 'shall we?' to politely invite agreement or participation. It softens the suggestion, making it sound more like an open invitation than a command.
中文： 「Let's...」（我們……吧）的建議句型，常用附加問句「shall we?」來結尾，用以禮貌地尋求對方的同意或邀請共同參與。這能使建議聽起來更溫和，像是一種開放式的邀請而非命令。
Let's take a break, shall we?
我們休息一下，好嗎？
EN： In direct speech, when the reporting verb (e.g., 'says') comes after the quoted speech, the subject and verb can remain in the standard order (Subject + Verb) or be inverted (Verb + Subject). Here, 'says Leo' uses the standard reporting structure.
中文： 在直接引語中，當引導動詞（如「says」）放在引號後面時，主詞和動詞可以保持標準語序（主詞 + 動詞）或進行倒裝。此處「says Leo」使用的是標準的引導結構（動詞 + 專有名詞主詞）。
EN： Using 'shall we?' with 'Let's' is a classic British English feature that has been widely adopted in global English. It sounds warm, inclusive, and slightly polite, making it perfect for social situations where you want to lead an activity without sounding bossy.
中文： 在「Let's」後面加上「shall we?」是經典的英式英語特徵，現已廣泛應用於全球英語中。它聽起來溫暖、具包容性且帶有禮貌，非常適合用在想要主導某項活動但又不想顯得專斷的社交場合。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 燈籠，一種用透明或半透明材料做罩子、內裝蠟燭或燈泡的便攜式照明器具
在本文中： （市集、展覽會等設的）攤位，棚子
在本文中： 海報，招貼畫
在本文中： 令人興奮的，使人激動的
在本文中： 美味的，可口的
在本文中： 計劃，方案
在本文中： 團隊，隊伍
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
An event held at a school, usually featuring games, booths, and entertainment to raise money or celebrate an occasion.
學校園遊會 / 學校義賣會
A festival celebrated with the display of lanterns, often associated with traditional Asian celebrations.
元宵節 / 燈會
To stop trying to do something; to surrender or admit defeat.
放棄
To work very well together as a group or pair to achieve a common goal.
是個很棒的團隊 / 合作無間