EN： The subordinating conjunction 'when' is used to introduce an adverbial clause of time, indicating that the action in the main clause happens at the same time or immediately after the action in the dependent clause. In zero conditional sentences (expressing general truths or habits), present simple tense is used in both clauses.
中文： 從屬連接詞「when」（當……時）用於引導時間副詞子句，表示主句的動作與從屬子句的動作同時或緊接著發生。在表達不變真理或習慣的「零條件句」中，兩個子句皆使用現在簡單式。
When the sun sets, it gets dark.
當太陽下山時，天色就會變暗。
EN： The coordinating conjunction 'and' is used to connect two verbs ('stay' and 'read') that share the same subject ('I'). This avoids repeating the subject and creates a smooth, parallel structure.
中文： 對等連接詞「and」（和、而且）用於連接共享同一個主詞（I）的兩個動詞（stay 與 read）。這樣可以避免重複主詞，並創造出流暢且對稱的句型結構。
EN： The First Conditional is used to talk about possibilities in the present or in the future. The structure is 'If + simple present, will + base verb'. It expresses a real or likely situation and its probable result.
中文： 第一類條件句（First Conditional）用於討論現在或未來可能發生的真實情況。其結構為「If + 現在簡單式，will + 動詞原型」，用來表達一個極可能發生的條件及其預期會產生的結果。
If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.
如果明天下雨，我們就會取消野餐。
EN： The adverb 'hard' is used here to modify the verb 'study', meaning with great energy or effort. Note that 'hard' is both an adjective and an adverb; 'hardly' has a completely different meaning (scarcely/almost not).
中文： 副詞「hard」在此處用來修飾動詞「study」，表示努力地、費勁地。請注意，「hard」兼具形容詞與副詞的身分，而「hardly」則具有完全不同的否定意思（幾乎不）。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, this phrase reflects a strong belief in meritocracy and the growth mindset—the idea that individual effort and hard work directly lead to success and positive outcomes.
中文： 在英語系國家的文化中，這句話反映了對「個人努力與收穫成正比」以及「成長型思維」的深厚信念，即個人的付出與努力會直接帶來成功與好的結果。
EN： The subordinating conjunction 'although' is used to introduce a concession clause, showing a contrast between two ideas. In English, we do not use 'but' in the main clause when 'although' is used.
中文： 從屬連接詞「although」（雖然）用於引導讓步子句，表示兩個想法之間的對比。在英文中，當句子開頭使用了「although」，後面的主句就不能再使用「but」（但是）。
Although she was tired, she finished her homework.
雖然她很累，她還是完成了功課。
EN： The simple past tense is used to describe completed actions or states in the past. Here, 'was' is the past tense of 'is', and 'went' is the irregular past tense of 'go'.
中文： 簡單過去式用於描述過去已經完成的動作或狀態。在此句中，「was」是「is」的過去式，而「went」是動詞「go」的不規則過去式變化。
We went to the park yesterday.
我們昨天去了公園。
EN： The subordinating conjunction 'because' is used to introduce a dependent clause (adverbial clause of reason) that explains the cause of the action or state in the main clause. In English, we do not use 'so' in the main clause when 'because' is used.
中文： 從屬連接詞「because」（因為）用來引導副詞子句（原因子句），以解釋主要子句中動作或狀態的原因。請注意，英文中「because」與「so」（所以）不能同時出現在同一個句子中。
She stayed home because it was raining.
她待在家裡，因為下雨了。
EN： The Simple Past Tense is used to describe completed actions or states in the past. Here, 'was' is the past tense of the linking verb 'be', and 'won' is the irregular past tense of the verb 'win'.
中文： 簡單過去式用於描述過去已經完成的動作或狀態。在本句中，「was」是連繫動詞「be」的過去式，而「won」則是動詞「win」（贏）的不規則過去式變化。
They were excited because they saw a movie.
他們很興奮，因為他們看了一部電影。
EN： In English-speaking countries, sports and matches (such as football, rugby, or soccer) are a significant part of social life and school culture. Winning a match is a common source of pride and community celebration.
中文： 在英語系國家，體育運動與比賽（如美式足球、橄欖球或英式足球）是社交生活和校園文化中非常重要的一部分。贏得比賽是大家聚在一起慶祝、展現向心力的常見原因。
EN： The subordinating conjunction 'when' is used to introduce an adverbial clause of time, indicating that one action happens immediately after or at the same time as another. In present tense general truths or routines, both clauses use the simple present tense.
中文： 從屬連接詞「when」（當……時）用於引導時間副詞子句，表示一個動作在另一個動作發生時或之後立即發生。在表示常態、規律或真理時，主句與從屬子句皆使用現在簡單式。
When the sun rises, the birds start singing.
當太陽升起時，鳥兒就開始唱歌。
EN： Subject-Verb Agreement with singular nouns: In the simple present tense, when the subject is a singular noun (e.g., 'the bell'), the verb must take the third-person singular form (e.g., 'rings' with an '-s').
中文： 單數名詞的主詞與動詞一致性：在現在簡單式中，當主詞為單數名詞（如「the bell」）時，動詞必須使用單數第三人稱形式（如「rings」加上 -s）。
The train arrives at six o'clock.
火車在六點鐘抵達。
EN： In many English-speaking schools, a physical or electronic bell is used to signal the transition between class periods. Students are expected to pack up and move to their next classroom immediately when the bell rings.
中文： 在許多英語系國家的學校中，會使用實體或電子的鐘聲來提示課堂之間的轉換。當鐘聲響起時，學生通常需要立即收拾書包並前往下一間教室。
EN： The first conditional structure using 'if' is used to talk about real and possible situations. In this sentence, 'If you are tired' is the conditional clause (present simple), and 'you should rest' is the main clause expressing advice.
中文： 使用「if」（如果）的第一類條件句結構，用於描述真實且可能發生的情況。在本句中，「If you are tired」是條件從句（使用一般現在時），而「you should rest」則是表達建議的主句。
If you are hungry, you can eat an apple.
如果你餓了，你可以吃顆蘋果。
EN： The modal verb 'should' is used to give advice, recommendations, or suggestions. It is followed by the base form of the verb (infinitive without 'to').
中文： 情態助動詞「should」（應該）用於給予建議或推薦。其後接動詞原形（不帶 to 的不定詞）。
You should sleep early tonight.
你今晚應該早點睡。
EN： The conjunction 'although' is used to introduce a subordinate clause of concession, showing a contrast with the main clause. Note that in English, we do not use 'but' in the main clause when 'although' is used.
中文： 連接詞「although」（雖然）用於引導讓步從屬子句，表示與主句的對比。請注意，在英文中，當使用了「although」時，主句開頭不能再使用「but」（但是）。
Although it was raining, we went for a walk.
雖然下著雨，我們還是去散步了。
EN： The adverb 'very' is an intensifier used before adjectives (like 'smart') to emphasize the degree of the quality.
中文： 副詞「very」（非常）是一個修飾語，用於形容詞（如「smart」）之前，以加強該特質的程度。
He is very kind to everyone.
他對每個人都非常友善。
EN： The subordinating conjunction 'when' is used to introduce an adverbial clause of time, indicating that the action in the main clause happens at the same time as or immediately after the event in the dependent clause.
中文： 從屬連接詞「when」（當……時）用來引導時間副詞子句，表示主句的動作與從屬子句的事件同時發生或在其後緊接著發生。
I wear sunglasses when the sun is bright.
當陽光刺眼時，我會戴太陽眼鏡。
EN： The simple present tense is used here to describe a habitual action or a general truth. In this sentence, both the main clause ('I bring') and the time clause ('the weather is cold') use the simple present to show a regular routine.
中文： 此處使用現在簡單式來描述習慣性的行為或普遍事實。在本句中，主句（I bring）與時間子句（the weather is cold）皆使用現在簡單式，表示一種規律的習慣。
She drinks water when she feels thirsty.
她口渴時會喝水。
EN： The subordinating conjunction 'because' is used to introduce a dependent clause that states the reason for an action. In English, when the 'because' clause comes first, it is separated from the main clause by a comma. Unlike in Chinese, we do not use 'so' (所以) in the main clause when 'because' (因為) is already used.
中文： 從屬連接詞「because」（因為）用來引導表示原因的從屬子句。在英文中，當「because」引導的子句放在句首時，必須用逗號與主要子句隔開。請注意，英文中「because」與「so」（所以）不能同時出現在同一個句子中，這與中文「因為……所以……」的習慣不同。
Because it was raining, we stayed indoors.
因為下雨，我們待在室內。
EN： The simple past tense is used to describe completed actions in the past. Here, 'was' is the past tense of the be-verb 'is/am', and 'took' is the irregular past tense form of the verb 'take'.
中文： 簡單過去式用於描述過去已經完成的動作或狀態。在此句中，「was」是 be 動詞「is/am」的過去式，而「took」則是動詞「take」的不規則過去式變化。
She took a bus to work yesterday.
她昨天搭公車去上班。
EN： The First Conditional is used to talk about possibilities in the present or in the future. It uses the structure: 'If + Simple Present, will/can/may + Verb'.
中文： 第一類條件句（First Conditional）用於描述在現在或未來極有可能發生的真實情況。其結構為：「If + 現在簡單式，will/can/may + 原形動詞」。
If it rains tomorrow, we will stay indoors.
如果明天下雨，我們就會待在室內。
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used here to express ability or possibility in the future, indicating that catching the train is a possible outcome if the condition is met.
中文： 情態助動詞「can」在此處用於表示未來的能力或可能性，指出如果滿足前述條件，趕上火車是可能實現的結果。
If you finish your homework, you can watch TV.
如果你寫完功課，你就可以看電視。
EN： Adverbial clauses of time introduced by 'when'. In this structure, 'when' is a subordinating conjunction used to indicate that the action in the main clause happens at the same time as or immediately after the action in the dependent clause. When the 'when' clause comes first, it is separated from the main clause by a comma.
中文： 由「when」引導的時間副詞子句。在這種結構中，「when」是從屬連接詞，用來表示主要子句的動作與從屬子句的動作同時或緊接著發生。當「when」子句放在句首時，需要用逗號與主要子句隔開。
When the bell rings, the students leave the classroom.
當鐘聲響起時，學生們離開了教室。
EN： The Simple Present Tense for habitual actions or general truths. Both 'comes' and 'go' are in the simple present tense to describe a regular, repeating routine that happens every summer.
中文： 使用現在簡單式來表示習慣性動作或普遍事實。句中的「comes」和「go」皆為現在簡單式，用來描述每年夏天都會發生的規律、重複性活動。
When winter comes, they go skiing in the mountains.
當冬天來臨時，他們會去山裡滑雪。
EN： Going to the beach is a classic summer activity in many English-speaking countries, often associated with family vacations, road trips, and relaxation during the warmest months of the year.
中文： 在許多英語系國家，去海灘是典型的夏季活動，通常與家庭度假、公路旅行以及在一年中最溫暖的月份放鬆身心聯繫在一起。
EN： The conjunction 'although' is used to introduce a subordinate clause of concession, showing a contrast between two ideas. In English, we do not use 'but' in the main clause when 'although' is used.
中文： 連接詞「although」（雖然）用於引導讓步從屬子句，表示兩個想法之間的對比。在英文中，當句子開頭使用了「although」，後面的主要子句就不能再使用「but」（但是）。
Although it was raining, we went for a walk.
雖然下著雨，我們還是去散步了。
EN： The idiom 'try one's best' means to make the greatest effort possible. The possessive adjective (my, your, his, her, etc.) must agree with the subject.
中文： 片語「try one's best」意為「盡某人最大的努力」。其中的所有格代名詞（my, your, his, her 等）必須與主詞一致。
She tried her best to pass the driving test.
她盡了最大努力想通過路考。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, emphasizing individual effort ('trying one's best') is highly valued, often more so than the final outcome or score. It reflects a growth mindset.
中文： 在英語系國家中，強調個人付出（「盡最大努力」）是非常受到重視的價值觀，有時甚至比最終的結果或分數更重要。這體現了一種「成長型思維」。
EN： Adverbial clauses of time introduced by 'when' are used to indicate that one action happens at the same time as, or immediately after, another. In present-tense general statements, both the 'when' clause and the main clause use the simple present tense.
中文： 由 'when'（當……時）引導的時間副詞子句，用於表示一個動作與另一個動作同時或緊接著發生。在表示常態或規律的現在式句子中，'when' 子句與主要子句皆使用現在簡單式。
When the bell rings, the students enter the classroom.
當鐘聲響起時，學生們進入教室。
EN： The simple present tense is used here to describe a habitual action or a general truth. Note the subject-verb agreement: 'the weekend' is singular, so the verb 'come' takes the third-person singular ending '-s' (comes). Similarly, 'my family' is treated as a singular collective unit here, so it takes the singular verb 'makes'.
中文： 此處使用現在簡單式來描述一種習慣性的行為或常態。請注意主詞與動詞的一致性：'the weekend'（週末）為單數，因此動詞 'come' 須加上單數第三人稱字尾 '-s' 變成 'comes'。同樣地，'my family'（我的家人）在此被視為一個單數的整體單位，因此搭配單數動詞 'makes'。
When spring arrives, the flowers bloom.
當春天到來時，花朵盛開。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, 'the weekend' (Saturday and Sunday) is highly valued as personal/family time. 'Making simple plans' reflects a common lifestyle preference for relaxing, low-stress activities (like hiking, picnics, or movie nights) rather than busy or expensive schedules.
中文： 在英語系國家中，「週末」（週六與週日）被視為非常珍貴的個人與家庭時間。「做簡單的計畫」（making simple plans）反映了一種常見的生活態度，即傾向於安排輕鬆、低壓力的活動（如健行、野餐或電影之夜），而非忙碌或昂貴的行程。
EN： The Zero Conditional is used to talk about general truths, habits, or scientific facts. It uses the structure: 'If + Simple Present, Simple Present'. It indicates that every time the condition is met, the result automatically follows.
中文： 零類條件句（Zero Conditional）用於描述普遍真理、習慣或科學事實。其結構為「If + 現在簡單式，現在簡單式」。這表示每次只要條件成立，結果就必然會發生。
If you heat ice, it melts.
如果你加熱冰塊，它就會融化。
EN： The expression 'go + verb-ing' is commonly used to describe recreational activities or sports, especially those done outdoors (e.g., go hiking, go swimming, go shopping).
中文： 「go + 動詞-ing」的片語常用於描述休閒活動或運動，特別是戶外活動（例如：去健行、去游泳、去購物）。
We often go camping in the summer.
我們夏天經常去露營。
EN： The conjunction 'although' is used to introduce a subordinate clause of concession, showing a contrast between two ideas. Unlike in Chinese, where 'although' (雖然) and 'but' (但是) are often used together, in English, 'although' and 'but' cannot be used in the same sentence. If you start with 'although', do not use 'but' in the main clause.
中文： 連接詞「although」用於引導讓步從句，表示兩個想法之間的對比。與中文常將「雖然」和「但是」連用不同，在英文中，「although」和「but」不能同時出現在同一個句子中。如果開頭使用了「although」，主句就不能再使用「but」。
Although it was raining, we went for a walk.
雖然下著雨，我們還是去散步了。
EN： The adverb 'always' is an adverb of frequency. It is typically placed before the main verb (like 'enjoy') but after the auxiliary verb or the verb 'be'.
中文： 副詞「always」（總是）是一個頻率副詞。它通常放在一般動詞（如「enjoy」）之前，但要放在助動詞或 be 動詞之後。
She always drinks coffee in the morning.
她早上總是喝咖啡。
EN： The subordinating conjunction 'because' is used to introduce a clause that gives the reason for something. In English, 'because' is placed directly before the reason clause, and unlike in Chinese, we do not use 'so' (所以) in the main clause when 'because' is present.
中文： 從屬連接詞「because」（因為）用於引導表示原因的從屬子句。在英文中，「because」直接置於原因子句之前，且與中文習慣不同，當句中已有「because」時，主要子句中不可再並用「so」（所以）。
We stayed indoors because it was raining.
我們待在室內，因為下雨了。
EN： 'Lots of' is an informal determiner meaning 'a large number or amount of'. It can be used with both countable nouns (like 'books') and uncountable nouns (like 'water').
中文： 「Lots of」（許多）是一個非正式的限定詞，表示「大量的」。它既可以用於可數名詞（如 books），也可以用於不可數名詞（如 water）。
She has lots of friends in London.
她在倫敦有很多朋友。
EN： In English, when describing hot or intense sunny weather, we often say 'the sun is strong' rather than 'the sun is big'. Using 'strong' emphasizes the intensity of the heat and UV rays.
中文： 在英文中，描述陽光烈、天氣炎熱時，我們通常會說「the sun is strong」（太陽很強烈），而不是字面直譯的「the sun is big」。使用「strong」能準確表達紫外線和熱度的高強度。
EN： The subordinating conjunction 'when' is used to introduce an adverbial clause of time, which establishes the condition or time under which the action in the main clause occurs. When the 'when'-clause comes first, it is typically separated from the main clause by a comma.
中文： 從屬連接詞「when」（當……時）用於引導時間副詞子句，用以建立主句動作發生的時間或條件。當「when」引導的子句放在句首時，通常會用逗號與主句隔開。
When the bell rings, the students leave the classroom.
當鐘聲響起時，學生們離開了教室。
EN： The verb 'feel' is a linking verb (copula) that is followed by an adjective (like 'tired') to describe the subject's state or emotion, rather than an adverb.
中文： 動詞「feel」（感覺）是一個連繫動詞（linking verb），後面接形容詞（如「tired」）來描述主詞的狀態或感受，而非接副詞。
She feels happy about her test results.
她對自己的考試成績感到高興。
EN： The First Conditional (If + Present Simple, Present Simple/Will) is used here to express a general truth or a real/possible situation. In this sentence, both clauses use the present simple tense to show a habitual action or automatic result: whenever condition A happens, action B follows.
中文： 第一類條件句（If + 現在簡單式，現在簡單式/will）在此處用於表達普遍真理或真實、可能發生的情況。在本句中，兩個子句皆使用現在簡單式，以表示一種習慣性的行為或必然的結果：每當條件 A 發生時，動作 B 就會隨之發生。
If you heat ice, it melts.
如果你加熱冰塊，它就會融化。
EN： The reciprocal pronoun 'each other' is used to show that two or more people do the same thing to one another. It functions as the object of the verb 'help'.
中文： 相互代名詞「each other」（彼此、互相）用於表示兩個或更多人對彼此做相同的事情。在此處作為動詞「help」的受詞。
We should always support each other.
我們應該要總是互相支持。
EN： The conjunction 'although' is used to introduce a subordinate clause of concession, showing a contrast with the main clause. Note that in English, we do not use 'but' in the main clause when 'although' is used.
中文： 連接詞「although」（雖然）用於引導讓步子句，表示與主句的對比。請注意，在英文中，當使用了「although」時，主句中不能再使用「but」（但是）。
Although it was raining, we went for a walk.
雖然下著雨，我們還是去散步了。
EN： The phrase 'get lost' is an idiomatic expression meaning to lose one's way. 'Get' acts as a linking verb followed by the past participle 'lost' functioning as an adjective.
中文： 片語「get lost」是一個習慣用語，意思是「迷路」。這裡的「get」作為連繫動詞，後面接過去分詞「lost」當作形容詞使用。
We got lost in the big city.
我們在大城市裡迷路了。
EN： The subordinating conjunction 'because' is used to introduce a dependent clause (adverbial clause of reason) that explains the cause of the action in the main clause. When the 'because' clause comes first, it is followed by a comma.
中文： 從屬連接詞「because」（因為）用於引導從屬子句（原因副詞子句），用來解釋主要子句動作的原因。當「because」引導的子句放在句首時，後面必須加上逗號與主要子句隔開。
Because she studied hard, she passed the exam.
因為她努力學習，所以她通過了考試。
EN： Adverbs of frequency, such as 'usually', describe how often an action occurs. They are typically placed after the 'be' verb (am/is/are/was/were) but before main verbs.
中文： 頻率副詞（如「usually」通常）用來描述動作發生的頻率。它們通常放在 be 動詞（am/is/are/was/were）之後，一般動詞之前。
He is usually on time for meetings.
他開會通常都很準時。
EN： The subordinating conjunction 'when' is used to introduce an adverbial clause of time, indicating that the action in the main clause happens at the same time as or immediately after the action in the dependent clause.
中文： 從屬連接詞「when」（當……時）用於引導時間副詞子句，表示主要子句的動作與該附屬子句的動作同時或緊接著發生。
When the bell rings, the students leave the classroom.
當鐘聲響起時，學生們離開了教室。
EN： The verb 'feel' is a linking verb (copular verb) that is followed by adjectives ('tired', 'happy') to describe the state or emotion of the subject.
中文： 動詞「feel」（感覺/感到）是一個連綴動詞，後面接形容詞（如「tired」和「happy」）來描述主詞的狀態或情緒。
She feels excited about her new job.
她對她的新工作感到興奮。
EN： The use of 'when' to introduce an adverbial clause of time. In this structure, 'when' indicates the time at which the action in the main clause occurs. When the 'when' clause comes second, no comma is needed before it.
中文： 使用「when」（當……時）引導時間副詞子句。在此結構中，「when」指出主要子句動作發生的時間點。當「when」子句放在主要子句後面時，兩者之間不需要逗號。
I listen to music when I feel stressed.
當我感到有壓力時，我會聽音樂。
EN： The simple present tense is used in both the main clause ('do you do') and the subordinate clause ('it rains') to talk about habitual actions, routines, or general truths.
中文： 在主要子句（do you do）與從屬子句（it rains）中皆使用現在簡單式，用來描述習慣性的行為、例行公事或普遍事實。
What do you eat when you visit Japan?
妳去日本旅遊時都吃些什麼？
EN： In English-speaking cultures, asking about rainy day activities is a common, friendly way to start a casual conversation or small talk, as weather is a universally shared and neutral topic.
中文： 在英語系國家中，詢問對方下雨天都做些什麼，是一種非常常見且友善的閒聊（small talk）開頭方式。因為天氣是大家共同經歷且中立的話題，非常適合用來拉近人際距離。
EN： Adverbial clauses of time introduced by 'when' are used to indicate that two actions happen at the same time or one after another. In present-tense general truths or habits, both the dependent clause (with 'when') and the main clause use the simple present tense.
中文： 由 'when'（當……時）引導的時間副詞子句，用於表示兩個動作同時或接連發生。在描述現在的規律、事實或習慣時，從屬子句（含 when）與主要子句皆使用現在簡單式。
When the sun rises, the birds sing.
當太陽升起時，鳥兒就會歌唱。
EN： The coordinating conjunction 'or' is used to connect two words, phrases, or clauses of equal grammatical rank, representing a choice or alternative between them (in this case, the verbs 'read' and 'draw').
中文： 對等連接詞 'or'（或者）用於連接兩個語法地位對等的單字、片語或子句，表示兩者之間的選擇或替代關係（在此句中連接動詞 'read' 與 'draw'）。
You can walk or take a bus to the museum.
你可以走路或搭公車去博物館。
EN： First Conditional: Used to talk about possibilities in the present or in the future. The structure is 'If + simple present, will + base verb'.
中文： 第一類條件句（假設語氣）：用於描述在現在或未來極有可能發生的真實情況。其結構為「If + 現在簡單式，will + 動詞原型」。
If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.
如果明天明天下雨，我們將會取消野餐。
EN： Adverb 'early': Used here as an adverb modifying the verb 'finish' to indicate completing an action before the usual or expected time.
中文： 副詞「early」（提早/早）：在此處作為副詞修飾動詞「finish」，表示在通常或預期的時間之前完成某個動作。
She arrived early to get a good seat.
她提早到達以獲得好位子。
EN： The conjunction 'although' is used to introduce a concession clause, showing a contrast between two ideas. In English, we do not use 'but' in the main clause when 'although' is used at the beginning of the sentence.
中文： 連接詞「although」（雖然）用於引導讓步子句，表示兩個想法之間的對比。在英文語法中，當句首使用了「although」時，主要子句中不能再使用「but」（但是）。
Although it was raining, we enjoyed our walk.
雖然下著雨，我們依然玩得很開心。
EN： The phrase 'make time for' means to proactively find or create time in one's busy schedule to do something or spend time with someone.
中文： 片語「make time for」字面意思是「為……製造時間」，意指在繁忙的日程中主動抽空、擠出時間給某人或做某事。
She always makes time for her family on weekends.
她週末總是會抽空陪伴家人。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, maintaining a balance between work/study and social life (often referred to as 'work-life balance') is highly valued. Actively 'making time' for friends despite a busy schedule is seen as a sign of strong relationship commitment and emotional maturity.
中文： 在英語系國家中，維持工作/學業與社交生活之間的平衡（即 work-life balance）非常受到重視。儘管行程繁忙，仍主動為朋友「抽空」（make time）被視為對友誼的重視與情感成熟的表現。
EN： Linking Verbs (Copular Verbs): 'Feel' is used as a linking verb here, which connects the subject 'I' to the subject complement adjective 'calm' to describe the subject's state of mind.
中文： 連繫動詞（Linking Verbs）：這裡的 'feel' 作為連繫動詞使用，用來連接主詞 'I' 與形容詞主詞補語 'calm'，以描述主詞的心境或狀態。
She feels happy when she listens to music.
當她聽音樂時，她感到快樂。
EN： Adverbial Clause of Reason: The conjunction 'because' introduces a subordinate clause ('because my friends support me') that explains the reason for the action or state in the main clause.
中文： 原因副詞子句：連接詞 'because' 引導一個從屬子句（'because my friends support me'），用來解釋主要子句中所述動作或狀態的原因。
We stayed indoors because it was raining heavily.
因為雨下得很大，我們待在室內。
EN： Adverbial clauses of time introduced by 'when'. In English, when the 'when' clause comes first, it is separated from the main clause by a comma. It sets the condition or time frame for the action in the main clause.
中文： 由 'when' 引導的時間副詞子句。在英文中，當 'when' 子句放在句首時，會用逗號與主要子句隔開。它為主要子句中的動作設定了時間背景或條件。
When you arrive at the station, give me a call.
當你到達車站時，給我打個電話。
EN： Imperative sentences used for giving instructions or offers. An imperative sentence starts directly with the base form of the verb (here, 'call'). The adverb 'just' is often added before the verb to make the request sound more casual, friendly, or to emphasize that the action is simple to do.
中文： 用於給予指示或提供協助的祈使句。祈使句直接以動詞原型（此處為 'call'）開頭。在動詞前加上副詞 'just'（僅管、直接）通常能讓語氣顯得更隨和、友善，或強調該動作非常簡單、不麻煩。
If you have any questions, just ask me.
如果你有任何問題，直接問我就好。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, offering help with 'just call me' or 'let me know if you need anything' is a very common social convention. While it is always warm and friendly, depending on the closeness of the relationship, it can either be a polite gesture or a genuine invitation for support. In this context, it shows a supportive and reliable friendship.
中文： 在英語系國家中，用 'just call me' 或 'let me know if you need anything'（需要什麼隨時告訴我）來提供幫助是非常常見的社交禮儀。雖然這聽起來總是溫暖且友善，但根據關係的親疏，它可能只是客套的禮貌，也可能是真誠的協助邀請。在此對話情境中，這展現了朋友間互相扶持與可靠的友誼。
EN： The Zero Conditional is used to talk about general truths, scientific facts, or situations where one event always leads to another. It uses the structure: 'If + Present Simple, Present Simple'.
中文： 零類條件句（Zero Conditional）用於描述普遍真理、科學事實，或某個條件總是會導致特定結果的情況。其結構為：「If + 現在簡單式，現在簡單式」。
If you heat ice, it melts.
如果你加熱冰塊，它就會融化。
EN： The adverb 'together' is used to modify the verb 'work', indicating that the action is performed in cooperation with others.
中文： 副詞「together」（一起、合作地）用來修飾動詞「work」，表示該動作是以合作的方式進行。
EN： In English-speaking professional and academic environments, there is a strong cultural emphasis on collaboration and teamwork. Phrases like 'work together' and 'team player' are highly valued and frequently used to encourage cooperative effort.
中文： 在英語系的職場與學術環境中，非常強調團隊合作（teamwork）的文化價值。像「work together」和「team player」（具有團隊合作精神的人）這類的表達方式經常被用來鼓勵大家攜手共事。
EN： The conjunction 'although' is used to introduce a subordinate clause of concession, showing a contrast between two ideas. In English, we do not use 'but' in the main clause when 'although' is used in the subordinate clause.
中文： 連接詞「although」（雖然）用於引導讓步子句，表示兩個想法之間的對比。在英文中，當從屬子句使用了「although」時，主要子句中**不能**再並用「but」（但是）。
Although it was raining, we went for a walk.
雖然下著雨，我們還是去散步了。
EN： The adverb 'well' is used to modify the verb 'did' (past tense of 'do'), indicating the manner in which the action was performed.
中文： 副詞「well」（好地）用來修飾動詞「did」（「do」的過去式），表示該動作進行的方式或狀態。
EN： The subordinating conjunction 'when' is used to introduce an adverbial clause of time, indicating that the action in the main clause ('I smile') happens at the same time as or immediately after the action in the dependent clause ('I think of our good times').
中文： 從屬連接詞「when」（當……時）用於引導時間副詞子句，表示主句的動作（I smile）與從屬子句的動作（I think of our good times）同時或緊接著發生。
I feel happy when I listen to music.
當我聽音樂時，我感到快樂。
EN： The phrasal verb 'think of' means to bring something to mind, remember, or contemplate. It is followed by a noun phrase acting as its object.
中文： 片語動詞「think of」意為「想起、回憶起」或「考慮」。其後接名詞片語作為受詞。
She always thinks of her family when she travels.
她旅行時總是會想起她的家人。
EN： The subordinating conjunction 'because' is used to introduce a clause that gives the reason for something. In English, unlike in Chinese, we do not use 'so' (所以) in the main clause when 'because' is used to start the sentence.
中文： 從屬連接詞「because」（因為）用於引導表示原因的從屬子句。在英文中，當句首使用了「because」時，主要子句中**不能**再使用「so」（所以），這與中文「因為……所以……」的雙重連接詞結構不同。
Because it was raining, we stayed indoors.
因為下雨，我們待在室內。
EN： 'Each other' is a reciprocal pronoun used to indicate that two or more people carry out an action that mutually affects one another.
中文： 「each other」是相互代名詞，表示兩個人或以上互相進行某個動作，意為「彼此」或「互相」。
They always help each other with their homework.
他們總是互相幫助對方做功課。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, emphasizing mutual trust ('trust each other') and teamwork is a common value in both personal relationships and professional environments, often highlighted as the foundation of strength and success.
中文： 在英語系國家文化中，強調彼此信任（trust each other）與團隊合作是個人關係和職場環境中非常普遍的核心價值，人們常將信任視為強大與成功的基石。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 簡單的、不複雜的
在本文中： （鄉間或林間的）小徑、步道
在本文中： 恐慌、驚慌失措
在本文中： 支持、鼓勵
在本文中： 信任、相信
在本文中： 平靜的、鎮靜的
在本文中： 任務、工作
在本文中： 安全的
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
To do everything one can to achieve something; to make a maximum effort.
盡我最大的努力
To lose one's way; to become bewildered or disoriented.
迷路
Immediately; without delay.
立刻、馬上
To find or create time in a busy schedule to do something.
抽空、擠出時間