EN: The causative verb 'have' (used here in the past tense 'had') is used to indicate that someone causes someone else to do an action. When followed by an active agent, the structure is 'have + person + bare infinitive (verb without to)'.
中文: 使役动词“have”(此处使用过去式“had”)用于表示某人让或命令他人去做某事。当后面接主动执行动作的人时,其结构为“have + 人 + 原形动词(不带to的动词)”。
The teacher had the students write an essay.
老师让学生们写一篇作文。
EN: The prepositional phrase 'by hand' is an idiom meaning using one's hands rather than a machine or tool. It functions as an adverbial modifier of manner.
中文: 介词短语“by hand”是一个习惯用语,意思是“用手工、纯手工”而非使用机器或工具。它在此处作为修饰动作方式的副词修饰语。
EN: In many cultures, baking bread or making dough by hand is associated with warmth, tradition, and maternal love. Passing down recipes from grandmothers to grandchildren is a common way of preserving family heritage and showing affection.
中文: 在許多文化中,親手烘焙麵包或揉麵團常與溫暖、傳統和母愛聯繫在一起。祖母將食譜傳授給孫輩,是傳承家族遺產和表達愛意的常見方式。
EN: The causative verb 'get' is used to express persuading or convincing someone to do something. Unlike other causative verbs like 'have' or 'make' which are followed by a bare infinitive (verb without 'to'), 'get' requires a 'to-infinitive' (to + verb) when followed by an active object.
中文: 使役动词“get”用于表达说服或劝说某人去做某事。与其他使役动词(如“have”或“make”后面接不带to的原形动词)不同,“get”在接主动宾语时,必须搭配“to + 动词原形”(不定式)。
She got her brother to clean the kitchen.
她说服了她的弟弟去打扫厨房。
EN: The verb 'try' in a culinary context means to taste or sample a food or drink to see if you like it, rather than making an effort to do something difficult.
中文: 动词“try”在饮食情境中,意思是“品尝”或“试吃/试喝”某种食物或饮料以确认是否喜欢,而不是指努力尝试做某件困难的事。
You should try the chocolate cake; it is delicious.
你应该尝尝看这个巧克力蛋糕,非常好吃。
EN: The causative structure 'have + object + past participle (V3)' is used to describe causing something to be done by someone else, or experiencing something done to an object. In this sentence, 'had the vegetables chopped' means the speaker arranged for the vegetables to be chopped by someone (or completed the action where the vegetables received the action of chopping).
中文: 使役结构“have + 宾语 + 过去分词 (V3)”用于表示“安排他人完成某事”或“使某物遭受某种动作”。在本句中,“had the vegetables chopped”表示说话者安排他人将蔬菜切好,或是让蔬菜处于被切碎的状态。
I had my car washed yesterday.
我昨天让人把我的车洗干净了。
EN: The subordinating conjunction 'before' introduces an adverbial clause of time, indicating that the action in the main clause ('had the vegetables chopped') occurred prior to the action in the dependent clause ('we cooked').
中文: 从属连接词“before”(在……之前)引导时间状语从句,表示主句的动作(让蔬菜切好)发生在从句的动作(我们烹饪)之前。
Please wash your hands before you eat.
吃饭前请先洗手。
EN: In Western culinary contexts, 'meal prep' (preparing ingredients like chopping vegetables before cooking) is a highly valued practice that ensures smooth cooking. Using the causative 'had... chopped' often implies collaborative cooking, such as in a family kitchen, cooking class, or professional restaurant setup where tasks are shared.
中文: 在西方的烹飪文化中,「備料」(meal prep,如在烹飪前先將蔬菜切好)是一項非常受到重視的步驟,能確保烹飪過程順暢。使用使役結構「had... chopped」通常暗示了分工合作的場景,例如在家庭廚房、烹飪課或專業餐廳中,大家共同分擔準備工作。
EN: Sensory Verbs (verbs of perception) like 'watch', 'see', or 'hear' can be followed by an object and a bare infinitive (verb without 'to') to indicate that the subject witnessed the entire action from start to finish.
中文: 感官动词(如watch、see、hear)后面可以接宾语和原形动词(不带to的不定式),用来表示主语完整目睹或听到了该动作从始至终的过程。
We heard the birds sing in the early morning.
我们清晨时听到鸟儿歌唱。
EN: The word 'high' is used here as an adverb meaning 'to a great height'. Unlike some adverbs, 'high' does not need '-ly' when describing physical height or position.
中文: 单词 'high' 在此处用作副词,意思是“在高处”或“往高处”。与某些副词不同,当描述物理高度或位置时,'high' 不需要加上 '-ly'。
EN: Flipping pancakes is a classic culinary skill often associated with breakfast diners or home cooking shows in Western culture, symbolizing a fun, energetic, and skillful approach to cooking.
中文: 在西方文化中,拋接鬆餅(flipping pancakes)是一項經典的烹飪技巧,常與早餐餐館或家庭烹飪節目聯繫在一起,象徵著充滿樂趣、活力且熟練的烹飪方式。
EN: The causative verb 'make' is used to express that someone or something forces or causes someone to do something. It is followed by an object and a bare infinitive (the base form of the verb without 'to').
中文: 使役动词“make”用于表达某人或某事强迫或促使某人做某事。其后接宾语与原形动词(不带to的不定式)。
The strict teacher made us rewrite the essay.
那位严格的老师让我们重写那篇作文。
EN: The determiner 'every' is used before singular countable nouns to refer to all members of a group of three or more. It emphasizes each individual member of the group.
中文: 限定词“every”用于单数可数名词之前,用来指代三个或以上群体中的所有成员,强调群体中的每一个个体。
Every student must bring their own laptop.
每一位学生都必须携带自己的笔记本电脑。
EN: The causative verb 'have' can be used in the structure 'have + object + past participle (V3)' to express that you arrange for something to be done by someone else, or to describe an action happening to an object where the object receives the action (passive meaning).
中文: 使役动词“have”可用于“have + 宾语 + 过去分词 (V3)”的结构中,用来表示安排他人完成某事,或描述某个对象被动接受某动作(具有被动含义)。
I had my car washed yesterday.
我昨天让人洗了我的车。
EN: The preposition 'in' is used to indicate that something is inside a three-dimensional space or container, such as 'a stone oven'.
中文: 介词“in”用于表示某物在一个三维空间或容器的内部,例如“石窑(a stone oven)”之内。
She baked the cookies in a modern oven.
她在现代烤箱里烤了饼干。
EN: Baking bread in a 'stone oven' (or wood-fired brick oven) is a traditional European baking method. It is highly valued in artisanal baking because the stone retains high heat and moisture, giving the bread a signature crispy crust and airy interior, which is often associated with rustic, high-quality, and traditional culinary craftsmanship.
中文: 在「石窯」(或柴燒磚窯)中烘烤麵包是歐洲傳統的烘焙方法。在手工烘焙中,這種方法備受推崇,因為石頭能保持高溫與濕度,賦予麵包招牌的酥脆外皮與蓬鬆內裡,這通常與質樸、高品質及傳統的手工廚藝聯繫在一起。
EN: The verb 'hear' is a sensory verb (verb of perception). When followed by an object and a bare infinitive (verb in its base form without 'to'), it indicates that the subject perceived the entire action from start to finish.
中文: 感官动词“hear”(听见)后面接宾语(受词)和原形动词时,表示主语完整地听到了该动作发生的全过程。
I heard the door close behind him.
我听到他身后的门关上了。
EN: The preposition 'in' is used to indicate that something is located inside a defined three-dimensional space or container, such as 'the hot pan'.
中文: 介词“in”用于表示某物位于一个明确的三维空间或容器(例如“热锅”)之内部。
She melted the butter in the warm pan.
她在温热的锅子里融化了奶油。
EN: In English culinary descriptions, sensory verbs like 'sizzle', 'bubble', and 'crackle' are highly valued for creating vivid imagery. The sound of 'sizzling' is universally associated with fresh, hot, and delicious food, often used in restaurant descriptions to stimulate the appetite.
中文: 在英文的烹飪與美食描述中,像「sizzle」(滋滋作響)、「bubble」(冒泡)和「crackle」(劈啪作響)這類的感官動詞非常受到青睞,因為它們能創造出極具畫面感的意象。「Sizzling」的聲音在英語文化中普遍與新鮮、熱騰騰且美味的食物聯想在一起,常用於餐廳菜單或美食評論中以激發食慾。
EN: The causative verb 'have' can be followed by an object and a past participle (V3) to express a passive meaning, indicating that the object undergoes the action. In this case, 'have this sauce tasted' means the sauce is to be tasted by someone.
中文: 使役动词“have”后面可以接宾语和过去分词(V-ed),用来表示被动意义,意指宾语承受该动作。在此处,“have this sauce tasted”表示让这道酱汁“被品尝”。
I need to have my car repaired.
我需要让我的汽车送去修理。
EN: The imperative structure 'Let me + base verb' is used to politely offer to do something or to ask for permission to perform an action.
中文: 祈使句结构“Let me + 原形动词”用于礼貌地主动提议做某事,或是请求允许执行某个动作。
Let me help you with those heavy bags.
让我来帮你提那些沉重的袋子吧。
EN: In professional kitchens and home cooking alike, tasting components of a dish (like sauces) before serving is a crucial step to ensure the balance of flavors. Using the passive 'have this tasted' can sound slightly formal or objective, focusing on the action of quality control.
中文: 不論是在專業廚房還是家庭烹飪中,在出菜前先品嚐料理的組成部分(如醬汁)是確保味道平衡的關鍵步驟。使用被動結構「have this tasted」聽起來稍微正式或客觀,將焦點放在品質把關的動作上。
EN: Verbs of perception (such as 'smell', 'hear', 'see', 'watch') can be followed by an object and a present participle (V-ing) to describe an action that is ongoing or in progress at the moment of perception.
中文: 感官动词(如 'smell'、'hear'、'see'、'watch')后面可以接宾语和现在分词(V-ing),用来描述在感官察觉的当下,该动作正在进行或持续发生中。
I heard the rain tapping on the window.
我听到雨水正轻敲着窗户。
EN: The verb 'fill' is used transitively here in its participle form 'filling' to describe the action of spreading through and occupying a space completely.
中文: 动词 'fill' 在此处以分词形式 'filling' 作为及物动词使用,用来描述气味等在空间中散播并完全充满该空间的动作。
The sweet aroma of baking bread was filling the house.
烤面包的甜美香气弥漫了整间房子。
EN: Curry is a dish with deep cultural roots in South and East Asian cuisines. In Western contexts, the rich, lingering aroma of curry filling a home is often associated with warmth, comfort, and family cooking, though its strong scent is also known to remain in a kitchen long after cooking.
中文: 咖哩是在南亞與東亞飲食文化中具有深厚根基的料理。在西方語境中,咖哩瀰漫整間房子的濃郁香氣通常與溫暖、療癒和家庭手作料理聯繫在一起,不過其強烈的氣味在烹飪後也常會在廚房裡停留許久。
EN: The causative verb 'get' is used to express causing or persuading someone or something to do an action. Unlike 'have' or 'make' which take a bare infinitive (verb root), 'get' requires a full infinitive (to + verb) when followed by an active object.
中文: 使役动词“get”用于表示说服、安排或使某人/某物去做某事。与“have”或“make”后面接省略“to”的动词原形不同,“get”在接主动宾语时,必须搭配不定式(to + 动词原形)。
I got my brother to help me with the dishes.
我叫我弟弟帮我洗碗。
EN: The adverb 'overnight' can function as an adverb meaning 'during the night' or 'suddenly/quickly'. In this context, it describes the duration of the action (rising of the dough) happening throughout the night.
中文: 副词“overnight”表示“在夜间”或“一整夜”。在此语境中,它用来修饰动作(面团发酵)持续的时间,表示该过程在夜间持续进行。
We left the beans to soak overnight.
我们把豆子浸泡了一整晚。
EN: In baking, allowing dough to rise 'overnight' (often in the refrigerator, known as cold fermentation) is a common technique used to develop deeper flavors and a better texture in bread.
中文: 在烘焙中,讓麵團「發酵一整晚」(通常是在冰箱中進行,稱為低溫發酵)是一種常見的技巧,能讓麵包產生更深層的風味與更好的質地。
EN: The causative verb 'have' is used to express the idea of giving someone the responsibility to do something. When followed by an agent (the person doing the action), we use the bare infinitive (verb base form without 'to'), structured as: have + person + base verb.
中文: 使役动词“have”用于表示让某人负责做某事。当后面接主动执行动作的人(施动者)时,我们使用原形动词(不带to的不定式),结构为:have + 人 + 原形动词。
I had the mechanic check the brakes.
我请技工检查了刹车。
EN: The indirect object 'us' and direct object 'the old recipe' follow the verb 'teach'. In this structure, 'teach' takes a double object: teach + someone (indirect object) + something (direct object).
中文: 间接宾语“us”(我们)与直接宾语“the old recipe”(古老的食谱)接在动词“teach”之后。在此结构中,“teach”接双宾语:teach + 某人(间接宾语)+ 某物(直接宾语)。
She taught us the secret ingredient.
她教了我们这个秘密配方。
EN: In many cultures, sharing recipes is a gesture of community and trust. Passing down 'old recipes' or family recipes through neighbors or elders highlights the communal aspect of cooking and how food acts as a bridge to preserve heritage.
中文: 在許多文化中,分享食譜是社區情誼與信任的展現。透過鄰居或長輩傳承「古老食譜」或家族配方,突顯了烹飪的社群本質,以及食物如何作為保存文化遺產的橋樑。
EN: The verb 'watch' is a sensory verb (verb of perception). When followed by an object and a bare infinitive (verb in its base form without 'to'), it emphasizes that the subject witnessed the entire action from start to finish.
中文: 动词“watch”(观看)属于感官动词。当后面接宾语(受词)和原型动词(不带to的动词)时,强调主语完整目睹了该动作从开始到结束的全过程。
I watched the bird fly away.
我看着那只鸟飞走。
EN: The preposition 'from' is used to indicate the source or starting point of a physical movement or direction.
中文: 介词“from”用来表示物理运动或方向的来源或起点(从……)。
Water dripped from the ceiling.
水从天花板滴下来。
EN: The relative pronoun 'that' (or 'which') is used to introduce a defining relative clause that modifies the noun 'story'. In this clause, 'that' functions as the direct object of the verb 'loves to tell'. When the relative pronoun acts as an object, it can optionally be omitted in informal English.
中文: 关系代词“that”(或“which”)用于引导限定修饰名词“story”(故事)的关系从句。在此从句中,“that”担任动词“loves to tell”的直接宾语。当关系代词作为宾语时,在非正式英语中可以省略。
This is the book that she bought yesterday.
这就是她昨天买的那本书。
EN: The verb 'love' can be followed by an infinitive ('to' + verb) to express a strong preference or habit. 'Loves to tell' indicates a habitual and passionate action of sharing stories.
中文: 动词“love”后面可以接不定式(to + 动词),用来表示强烈的喜好或习惯。“loves to tell”表示一种习惯性且充满热情地分享故事的行为。
He loves to cook traditional Italian dishes.
他热爱烹饪传统的意大利料理。
EN: This sentence reflects a universal cultural truth: food is not just for survival, but a medium for passing down history, traditions, and values across generations. In many cultures, sharing a meal is synonymous with sharing one's heritage.
中文: 這句話反映了一個普世的文化真理:食物不僅僅是為了生存,更是代代相傳歷史、傳統與價值觀的媒介。在許多文化中,分享一頓飯就等同於分享一個人的文化傳承。
EN: The causative verb 'have' (had) is used to express the idea of giving someone the responsibility to do something. It is followed by an object and the bare infinitive (verb without 'to').
中文: 使役动词“have”(过去式为had)用于表示让某人负责做某事。其后接宾语和原形不定式(不带to的动词)。
The teacher had the students write an essay.
老师让学生们写一篇作文。
EN: The verb 'help' can be followed by an object and either a bare infinitive (verb without 'to') or a full infinitive (with 'to'). In this sentence, 'help (me) make' uses the bare infinitive 'make' directly after 'help'.
中文: 动词“help”(帮忙)后面可以接宾语,再接原形不定式(不带to的动词)或不定式(带to的动词)。在本句中,“help make”在help后直接使用了原形不定式make。
Could you help me wash the dishes?
你能帮我洗碗吗?
EN: In many cultures, especially in Asian households, making dumplings is a multi-generational family activity. It is not just about preparing food, but also a way of passing down traditions, sharing stories, and bonding with family members.
中文: 在許多文化中(特別是在亞洲家庭),包餃子是一項跨代同堂的家庭活動。這不僅僅是準備食物,更是一種傳承傳統、分享故事和凝聚家庭情感的方式。
EN: The causative verb 'have' can be followed by an object and a past participle (V-ed) when the action is done to the object (passive relationship). Here, 'the flour' (object) is 'mixed' (past participle) by someone.
中文: 使役动词“have”后面可以接宾语和过去分词(V-ed),用于表示宾语被动地接受某个动作。在此句中,“the flour”(面粉,宾语)是被某人“mixed”(混合,过去分词)。
I had my car washed yesterday.
我昨天让人洗了我的车。
EN: The preposition 'with' is used to indicate the ingredients or instruments used to perform an action. In this context, it shows what was mixed into the flour.
中文: 介词“with”在此用于表示用来执行某动作的原料或工具。在这个语境中,它表示与面粉混合在一起的材料(温水和盐)。
Mix the cocoa powder with hot milk.
将可可粉与热牛奶混合。
EN: In traditional cooking, especially when making dough for dumplings or bread, starting with warm water (rather than cold) helps to activate gluten or yeast properly, which is a common culinary practice passed down through generations.
中文: 在傳統烹飪中,特別是在製作餃子或麵包的麵團時,使用溫水(而非冷水)開始調和有助於適度激發麵筋,這是代代相傳的常見廚藝智慧。
EN: The causative verb 'make' is used to express that someone forces or strongly requires another person to do something. It is followed by an object and a bare infinitive (verb in its base form without 'to').
中文: 使役动词“make”(在此为过去式made)用于表示强迫或要求某人做某事。其后接宾语(me)与原形动词(knead),不加to。
Our teacher made us rewrite the essay.
我们的老师要求我们重写那篇作文。
EN: The conjunction 'until' is used to show that an action or situation continues up to a certain point in time. In this sentence, 'it felt soft and smooth' uses the linking verb 'feel' followed by adjectives to describe the state of the dough.
中文: 连接词“until”用于表示某个动作或状态持续到特定时间点。在此句子中,后面接连系动词“feel”的过去式“felt”,再接形容词“soft and smooth”来描述面团被揉好时的状态。
He stirred the soup until it became thick.
他搅拌着汤,直到汤变浓稠为止。
EN: The verb 'watch' is a sensory verb (verb of perception). When followed by an object, it can take a bare infinitive (verb in base form without 'to') to emphasize that the speaker witnessed the entire action from start to finish.
中文: 动词“watch”(观看)属于感官动词。当后面接宾语时,可以使用原形动词(不带to的不定式),用以强调说话者完整目睹了该动作从始至终的过程。
We watched the birds build their nest.
我们看着鸟儿筑巢。
EN: The preposition 'with' is used here to express the instrument, tool, or manner used to perform an action. In this context, it describes the manner and 'tools' (her hands) used to fold the dumplings.
中文: 介词“with”在此处用于表示执行动作所使用的工具、手段或方式。在这个语境中,它描述了包饺子时的手势与所使用的“工具”(她的双手)。
She wrote the letter with a gold pen.
她用一支金色的钢笔写了那封信。
EN: In many Asian cultures, making dumplings is a communal, multi-generational family activity, often associated with Chinese New Year or family reunions. The description of the grandmother's 'quick, gentle hands' reflects the respect and admiration for the culinary skills passed down through generations.
中文: 在許多亞洲文化中,包水餃是一項需要全家動員、跨越世代的家族活動,通常與農曆新年或家庭團聚緊密相連。句中對祖母「快速且溫柔的手勢」的描寫,體現了對代代相傳的手藝與家族溫情的敬重與讚賞。
EN: The causative verb 'have' is used in the structure 'have + object + past participle (V3)' to express that someone arranges for something to be done by someone else, or to describe a state in which an object has undergone an action. Here, 'had the filling chopped and seasoned' means the filling was in a state of being chopped and seasoned.
中文: 使役动词“have”可用于“have + 宾语 + 过去分词 (V3)”的结构中,用来表示安排他人完成某事,或是描述宾语处于被完成某动作后的状态。在此处,“had the filling chopped and seasoned”表示馅料处于被切碎和调味好的状态。
We had the kitchen painted before we moved in.
我们在搬进去之前把厨房粉刷好了。
EN: The phrase 'the night before' is an adverbial phrase of time meaning 'on the previous night'. It is often used in narrative contexts to refer to the night preceding the event being discussed.
中文: 短语“the night before”是一个时间副词短语,意思是“前一天晚上”。它常用于叙事语境中,指代所讨论事件的前一个晚上。
She prepared all the ingredients the night before.
她在前一天晚上就准备好了所有的食材。
EN: In many culinary cultures, especially when making dumplings or complex dishes, preparing the filling the night before is a common practice. This not only saves time on the day of cooking but also allows the flavors of the meat, vegetables, and seasonings to meld together more deeply, resulting in a richer taste.
中文: 在許多飲食文化中(特別是在包餃子或製作繁複料理時),在前一天晚上準備內餡是常見的做法。這不僅能節省烹飪當天的時間,還能讓肉類、蔬菜和調味料的風味更充分地融合,使味道更加濃郁。
EN: Sensory verbs (like 'smell', 'hear', 'see', 'watch') can be followed by an object and a present participle (V-ing) to describe an ongoing action that is actively happening or in progress.
中文: 感官动词(如smell、hear、see、watch)后面可以接宾语和现在分词(V-ing),用来描述正在发生或进行中的动作。
I heard the birds singing in the garden.
我听到鸟儿在花园里唱歌。
EN: The adverb 'soon' is used to indicate that something happens a short time after a reference point, often placed at the beginning of a sentence for narrative transition.
中文: 副词“soon”用于表示在某个时间点后不久发生的事情,通常放在句首作为叙事过渡,意为“很快地”或“不久后”。
Soon the rain stopped and the sun came out.
很快地,雨停了,太阳出来了。
EN: The causative verb 'let' is followed by an object and a bare infinitive (verb without 'to') to express permission or allowance. In contrast, the verb 'ask' is followed by an object and a full infinitive ('to' + verb) to express a request.
中文: 使役动词“let”(让)后面接宾语和原形不定式(不带to的动词),用以表示允许或让某人做某事。相反地,动词“ask”(要求/请)后面则接宾语和不定式(to + 动词)来表示请求。
He let me borrow his car and asked me to drive carefully.
他让我借用他的车,并叮嘱我要小心驾驶。
EN: The verb 'hear' is a sensory verb (verb of perception). When followed by an object and a bare infinitive (verb in base form without 'to'), it indicates that the subject perceived the entire action from start to finish.
中文: 动词“hear”(听见)是感官动词。当后面接宾语(受词)和原型动词(不带to的动词)时,表示主语完整地听到了该动作从开始到结束的全过程。
I heard the phone ring three times.
我听到电话响了三声。
EN: The present participle 'boiling' is used here as an adjective modifying the noun 'pot'. It describes an action currently in progress (the water is actively boiling).
中文: 现在分词“boiling”在此处用作形容词,修饰名词“pot”(锅子)。它用来描述正在进行的动作(水正在沸腾)。
Be careful with the boiling water.
小心滚烫的沸水。
EN: The causative verb 'get' is used to express persuading, convincing, or tricking someone into doing something. Unlike 'have' or 'make', 'get' requires a 'to-infinitive' (to + verb) when followed by an active object (get + someone + to do something).
中文: 使役动词“get”用于表示说服、劝说或安排某人去做某事。与“have”或“make”不同,当“get”后面接主动对象时,必须使用“不定式”(to + 动词),即“get + 某人 + to do 某事”的结构。
I got my friend to try the spicy soup.
我说服了我的朋友去尝尝那碗辣汤。
EN: The preposition 'around' is used here to indicate movement or position in a circle or surrounding an object (the table). It suggests people are encircling the table.
中文: 介词“around”在此处用于表示围绕或环绕某个物体(桌子)的位置或动作,暗示人们正围绕着桌子坐着或站着。
We sat around the campfire and sang songs.
我们围坐在营火旁唱歌。
EN: In many cultures, especially in Asian and Mediterranean traditions, a 'crowded table' is a symbol of warmth, abundance, and family love. Rather than being seen as uncomfortable, a crowded table implies that there is always room for one more person and that sharing food is central to community bonding.
中文: 在許多文化中(特別是亞洲和地中海傳統),「擁擠的桌子」是溫馨、豐盛與家庭之愛的象徵。擁擠的餐桌並不會被視為不舒服,反而暗示著「永遠留有位置給多一位客人」,且共享食物是凝聚社群與家庭關係的核心。
EN: The verb 'make' is a causative verb. When followed by an object and an object complement, it takes a bare infinitive (verb in base form without 'to') to express causing someone or something to do something.
中文: 动词“make”在此作为使役动词。当后面接宾语与宾语补语时,补语部分需使用省略“to”的原形不定式,用以表示使某人或某事产生某种动作或状态。
The sad movie made me cry.
那部悲伤的电影让我哭了。
EN: The sensory/linking verb 'feel' can be followed by 'like' + noun to describe what something resembles or the impression it gives.
中文: 感官/系动词“feel”后面可以接“like”加上名词,用来描述某事物给人的感觉或印象,意为“感觉像……”。
This soft blanket feels like a cloud.
这条柔软的毯子感觉就像一朵云。
EN: In English-speaking cultures, there is a conceptual distinction between 'house' (the physical building) and 'home' (the emotional place of warmth, belonging, and family). This sentence beautifully highlights how shared food transforms a mere physical structure into a place of emotional connection.
中文: 在英語系國家中,「house」(房子,指物理上的建築物)與「home」(家,指充滿溫暖、歸屬感與家人的情感避風港)在概念上有著微妙的區別。這句話優美地闡述了分享食物如何將一個冰冷的物理空間轉化為充滿情感連結的「家」。
EN: The structure 'how + subject + verb' acts as a noun clause (nominal relative clause) serving as the subject complement after the linking verb 'is'. It means 'the way in which' something is done.
中文: “how + 主语 + 动词”的结构在此作为名词从句(关系副词引导的从句),在系动词“is”后面充当主语补语,表示“……的方式或方法”。
This is how we solve the problem.
这就是我们解决问题的方法。
EN: The verb 'keep' can be followed by an object and an adjective (keep + object + adjective) to describe maintaining a certain state or condition for that object.
中文: 动词“keep”后面可接宾语和形容词(keep + 宾语 + 形容词),用来描述维持该宾语处于某种特定状态或情况。
We must keep the food fresh.
我们必须保持食物新鲜。
EN: In many cultures, cooking and sharing meals are deeply tied to expressing love, family bonding, and preserving heritage. The phrase 'keep love alive' highlights how daily rituals like cooking serve as the emotional glue for relationships.
中文: 在許多文化中,下廚與共享佳餚與表達愛意、凝聚家庭關係以及傳承文化遺產有著深厚的連結。「keep love alive」(保持愛意不熄)這個片語強調了像做飯這樣的日常儀式,是如何成為維繫情感的紐帶。
EN: The question 'How do you...?' is a common pattern used to ask for instructions, procedures, or methods. 'How' is an interrogative adverb, and 'do' acts as an auxiliary verb to form the question in the simple present tense.
中文: “How do you...?”是一个常用于询问步骤、程序或方法的句型。“How”是疑问副词,而“do”则是助动词,用来构成一般现在时的疑问句。
How do you make this chocolate cake?
你是怎么做的这个巧克力蛋糕?
EN: Direct address: When addressing someone directly by name in English, the name (vocative case) is typically separated from the rest of the sentence by a comma, regardless of whether it appears at the beginning, middle, or end of the sentence.
中文: 直接称呼:在英语中直接称呼某人的名字时(呼格),无论名字出现在句首、句中还是句尾,通常都需要用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。
EN: Dumplings are a traditional food in many cultures, especially during Chinese New Year, symbolizing wealth and family togetherness. Asking someone how they make them is a great way to start a conversation about family traditions and culinary heritage.
中文: 餃子在許多文化中都是傳統美食,尤其在農曆新年期間,象徵著財富與團圓。詢問他人如何包餃子,是開啟關於家庭傳統和飲食文化交流的絕佳話題。
EN: The causative verb 'have' is used to express that someone gives someone else the responsibility to do something. When followed by an object and an action, we use the bare infinitive (verb without 'to'). Structure: have + person + bare infinitive.
中文: 使役动词“have”用于表示让某人负责做某事。当后面接宾语(受词)和动作时,我们使用原形不定式(不带to的动词)。结构为:have + 人 + 原形动词。
The teacher had the students write an essay.
老师让学生们写一篇作文。
EN: The simple past tense of the causative verb 'have' is 'had'. It indicates that the action of causing someone to do something took place and was completed in the past.
中文: 使役动词“have”的简单过去式是“had”,表示让某人做某事的动作发生在过去并已完成。
My father had me wash his car yesterday.
我父亲昨天让我洗了他的车。
EN: In many cultures, passing down culinary traditions from grandparents to grandchildren is a significant bonding ritual. The act of making dough by hand represents traditional, home-cooked comfort food, contrasting with modern, machine-made convenience.
中文: 在許多文化中,祖父母將烹飪傳統傳承給孫輩是一項重要的情感連結儀式。親手揉麵團代表了傳統、手工的家常溫馨食物,這與現代機器製作的便利食品形成了對比。
EN: The causative verb 'get' is used to express persuading or convincing someone to do something. Unlike 'have' or 'make', which are followed by a bare infinitive (verb without 'to'), 'get' requires a 'to-infinitive' (to + verb) when followed by an active object.
中文: 使役动词“get”用于表达说服或劝说某人去做某事。与“have”或“make”后面接不带to的动词原形不同,“get”在接主动宾语时,必须搭配“to + 动词原形”(不定式)。
She got her brother to help her with the homework.
她说服了她的弟弟帮她做功课。
EN: The verb 'try' in a culinary context means to taste or sample a food or drink to see if you like it, rather than making an effort to achieve something difficult.
中文: 动词“try”在饮食情境中,表示“品尝”或“试吃/试喝”某种食物或饮料以确认是否喜欢,而非指努力尝试做某件困难的事。
You should try the chocolate cake; it is delicious.
你应该尝尝这款巧克力蛋糕,它非常好吃。
EN: In Western food culture, sharing spicy food or encouraging friends to try bold flavors is a common social bonding experience. Using 'get someone to do something' often implies a friendly nudge or playful persuasion rather than strict ordering.
中文: 在西方飲食文化中,分享辣味食物或鼓勵朋友嘗試大膽的口味是常見的社交互動。使用 'get someone to do something' 通常隱含著友好的慫恿或好玩的說服,而不是強硬的命令。
EN: The causative structure 'have + object + past participle (V3)' is used to describe causing something to be done by someone else, or focusing on the completed action done to the object rather than who did it.
中文: 使役动词结构“have + 宾语 + 过去分词 (V3)”用于表示“让某事被他人完成”,或是强调宾语所接受的动作与状态,而非执行动作的人。
I had my hair cut yesterday.
我昨天去剪了头发(让头发被剪)。
EN: The adverb 'first' is used here as a modifier to indicate that this action was the initial step in a sequence of events.
中文: 副词“first”在此处作为修饰语,用来表示该动作是系列事件中的第一个步骤(首先、第一)。
We washed our hands first.
我们首先洗了手。
EN: Sensory Verbs (Verbs of Perception): Verbs like 'watch', 'see', and 'hear' can be followed by an object and a bare infinitive (verb without 'to') to describe witnessing the entire action from start to finish.
中文: 感官动词(如watch、see、hear)后面可以接宾语和原形动词(不带to的不定式),用来表示亲眼目睹或听见某个动作发生的完整过程。
We heard the oil sizzle in the pan.
我们听到油在平底锅里发出滋滋声。
EN: Bare Infinitive as Object Complement: In the structure 'Subject + Sensory Verb + Object + Object Complement', the bare infinitive (e.g., 'flip') functions as the complement that describes the action performed by the object.
中文: 原形动词作宾语补语:在“主语 + 感官动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补语”的结构中,原形动词(例如flip)担任补语,用来描述宾语所做的动作。
I saw him cross the street.
我看到他过马路。
EN: In Western culinary culture, flipping a pancake in the air with a skillet is a classic, playful technique often associated with breakfast making at home or showmanship in diners.
中文: 在西方飲食文化中,用平底鍋將薄煎餅(pancake)拋向空中翻面是一項經典且具趣味性的技巧,常出現在家庭早餐製作或美式餐館的廚藝展示中。
EN: The verb 'smell' is a sensory verb (verb of perception). When followed by an object and a bare infinitive (verb in its base form without 'to'), it indicates that the subject perceived the entire action from beginning to end.
中文: 动词 'smell'(闻)是一个感官动词。当后面接宾语和原形动词(不带to的不定式)时,表示主语完整地感知了该动作从始至终的过程。
I heard the door close.
我听到门关上了。
EN: The verb 'fill' is used here as a bare infinitive following the sensory verb 'smell'. It means to spread through and occupy a space completely.
中文: 动词 'fill'(充满)在此处作为感官动词 'smell' 后面的原形动词,表示香气等弥漫并完全充满整个空间。
The smoke began to fill the room.
烟雾开始弥漫整个房间。
EN: Curry is a dish with a very strong, distinct, and lingering aroma. In Western households, cooking curry is often associated with a rich sensory experience that quickly dominates the entire living space, which is why the speaker emphasizes the smell 'filling' the kitchen.
中文: 咖哩是一道香氣非常濃郁、獨特且持久的料理。在西方家庭中,煮咖哩通常與強烈的感官體驗聯繫在一起,其香味會迅速瀰漫整個居住空間,這也是為什麼說話者特別強調味道「充滿」了廚房。
EN: The causative verb 'let' is used to mean 'allow' or 'give permission'. It is followed by an object and a bare infinitive (the base form of the verb without 'to'). In this sentence, 'let' is followed by the object 'me' and two bare infinitives: 'taste' and 'add' (connected by 'and').
中文: 使役动词“let”表示“允许”或“让”。其后接宾语,再接原形不定式(不带to的动词原形)。在本句中,“let”后面接了宾语“me”以及两个由“and”连接的原形动词“taste”与“add”。
My teacher let us leave the classroom early.
我的老师让我们提早离开教室。
EN: Parallel structure with coordinating conjunctions. When the coordinating conjunction 'and' connects two actions performed by the same subject/object under the same auxiliary or causative verb, both verbs must share the same form. Here, 'taste' and 'add' are both bare infinitives governed by 'let me'.
中文: 并列连词的平行结构。当并列连词“and”连接同一个主体在同一个助动词或使役动词下所做的两个动作时,两个动词必须保持相同的形式。在此处,“taste”和“add”都是受“let me”控制的原形动词。
She made me wash the dishes and clean the kitchen.
她叫我洗碗并清理厨房。
EN: Verbs of perception (such as 'hear', 'see', 'watch', 'smell') can be followed by an object and a bare infinitive (verb without 'to') to describe a completed action or the entire event from start to finish.
中文: 感官动词(如 'hear'、'see'、'watch'、'smell')后面可以接宾语和原形动词(不带to的动词),用来描述一个已完成的动作或从始至终的完整事件过程。
We heard the bird sing in the garden.
我们听到鸟儿在花园里唱歌。
EN: The preposition 'in' is used with 'the pan' to indicate that the action is taking place within the physical boundaries of the cooking utensil.
中文: 介词 'in' 与 'the pan' 连用,表示该动作发生在烹饪器具(平底锅)的内部空间范围内。
She melted the butter in the pan.
她在平底锅里融化了黄油。
EN: In Western cooking, 'sizzling' is a highly evocative sensory word associated with fresh, hot food, often used in culinary descriptions to stimulate the appetite. It emphasizes the immediate, sensory experience of home cooking.
中文: 在西方烹飪文化中,'sizzling'(發出嘶嘶聲)是一個極具感染力的感官詞彙,常與新鮮、熱騰騰的食物聯想在一起,常用於美食描述中以激發食慾。它強調了家庭烹飪中即時且真實的感官體驗。
EN: The causative verb 'get' is used to express persuading, convincing, or arranging for someone to do something. Unlike 'have' or 'make' which take a bare infinitive (verb in base form), 'get' requires a 'to-infinitive' (to + verb) when followed by an active object.
中文: 使役动词“get”用于表达说服、说动或安排某人去做某事。与后面接不带to的不定式(动词原形)的“have”或“make”不同,“get”在接主动对象时,必须使用“to-不定式”(to + 动词)。
I got my brother to help me with my homework.
我说服了我弟弟帮我做作业。
EN: The preposition 'at' is used to indicate a specific point or location in space, such as a place where people gather for a specific purpose (e.g., 'at the table' for eating or meeting).
中文: 介词“at”用于指示空间中的特定点或位置,例如人们为了特定目的而聚集的地方(例如:“at the table”表示在桌旁用餐或开会)。
The family gathered at the fireplace.
全家人聚集在壁炉旁。
EN: In many cultures, especially in Western and Asian family traditions, 'gathering at the table' represents more than just eating. It symbolizes family unity, sharing, and the strengthening of relationships through conversation and shared meals.
中文: 在許多文化中,特別是在西方和亞洲的家庭傳統中,「在桌旁聚集」不僅僅代表吃飯。它象徵著家庭的凝聚力、分享,以及透過對話和共同進餐來鞏固彼此的關係。
EN: Reduced Relative Clauses: The words 'shared' and 'made' are past participles acting as adjectives. They are reduced from relative clauses 'which is shared' and 'which is made' to describe the nouns 'meal' and 'memory' respectively.
中文: 关系从句简化:句中的“shared”和“made”是过去分词作形容词使用。它们是由关系从句“which is shared”和“which is made”简化而来,分别用来修饰名词“meal”(一餐)和“memory”(回忆)。
A book written by a child can inspire adults.
孩童所写的书也能启发大人。
EN: Parallel Structure: The sentence uses a balanced, parallel structure '[Noun] [Past Participle] is a [Noun] [Past Participle]' to create a poetic, aphoristic effect that is easy to remember.
中文: 排比对称结构:本句采用了均衡对称的结构“[名词] [过去分词] is a [名词] [过去分词]”,营造出一种诗意且像格言般的韵律效果,让人印象深刻、容易记住。
A penny saved is a penny earned.
省一分钱就是赚一分钱。(积少成多)
EN: This sentence is a beautiful play on the traditional English proverb 'A penny saved is a penny earned.' In Western culture, sharing a meal (breaking bread) is highly valued as a foundational way to build deep social connections, friendships, and lasting family memories.
中文: 這句話巧妙地模仿了英文傳統諺語「A penny saved is a penny earned」(省一分錢就是賺一分錢)。在西方文化中,共同享用一餐(英文常說 breaking bread,即分麵包)被視為建立深厚社交關係、友誼以及凝聚家庭情感的核心方式。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中: 揉(面团等),用手反复按压和拉伸以使其平滑
在本文中: (油煎食物时)发出嘶嘶声
在本文中: 咖喱(一种用多种香料调制的酱汁或菜肴)
在本文中: 食谱,烹饪法
在本文中: 饺子,面团包裹馅料的食物
在本文中: 调味的,加了香料或盐的
在本文中: 沸腾的,冒泡的
在本文中: 聚集,集合
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
To press and stretch dough with your hands to make it ready for baking.
揉面团
To maintain and nurture feelings of love and connection over time.
让爱延续,保持爱意长存
To come together in a circle or group around someone or something.
聚集在...周围