C1261 字1:56新闻报道美国腔发布于 2026年7月7日 · 更新于 2026年7月7日

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A groundbreaking study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences has revealed that Homo sapiens and Neanderthals may have sustained a shared culture for over twenty thousand years.

一项发表于《美国国家科学院院刊》的突破性研究揭示，智人与尼安德特人可能共同维持了超过两万年的共享文化。

The research challenges longstanding assumptions in anthropology about the degree to which these two closely related species interacted during their period of coexistence.

这项研究挑战了人类学中关于这两个亲缘关系密切的物种在共存期间互动程度的长期假设。

The findings emerged from an extensive five-year excavation of Üçağızlı II Cave in southern Türkiye.

这些发现源于对土耳其南部乌恰吉兹利二号洞穴所进行的为期五年之广泛挖掘。

Within its layers, an international team of researchers unearthed human fossils, stone tools, animal remains, and decorative objects belonging to both species.

在它的地层中，一个国际研究团队挖掘出了属于这两个物种的人类化石、石器、动物遗骸和装饰性器物。

Had the two groups merely coexisted in the same environment, such overlapping material culture would be unlikely to appear so consistently throughout the archaeological record.

如果这两个群体仅仅是在同一个环境中共存，那么这种重叠的物质文化将不太可能如此一致地出现在整个考古记录中。

Co-author Naoki Morimoto, a paleoanthropologist at Kyoto University, emphasized that the evidence points to profound cultural exchange rather than mere environmental adaptation.

共同作者、京都大学的古人类学家森本直记强调，证据指向深远的文化交流，而非单纯的环境适应。

He argued that the two groups were likely sharing symbolic preferences, which suggests a level of cognitive and social interaction previously underestimated by researchers in the field of evolution.

他（森本直记）主张，这两个群体很可能分享了象征性的偏好，这表明了过去被演化领域的研究人员所低估的认知与社会互动水平。

The discovery of non-practical, presumably ornamental items at the site further substantiates this interpretation.

在该遗址发现的非实用性、推测为装饰性的物品，进一步证实了这一解释。

Most people alive today carry a small percentage of Neanderthal DNA, a biological legacy of interbreeding that occurred tens of thousands of years ago.

现今大多数活着的人都携带少许比例的尼安德特人 DNA，这是数万年前发生的杂交所留下的生物遗产。

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However, the cultural dimension of this relationship had remained largely speculative until now.

然而，这种关系的文化层面在此之前很大程度上仍处于推测阶段。

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Between seventy thousand and fifty thousand years ago, Homo sapiens expanded beyond Africa in successive wave-like migrations, eventually encountering Neanderthals across the Middle East and Europe.

在大约七万至五万年前，智人扩张到了非洲以外的地区，进行了接连如波浪般的迁徙，最终在中东和欧洲各地与尼安德特人相遇。

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It is within this broader context that the cave evidence assumes particular significance for understanding human evolution.

正是在这一更广泛的背景之下，该洞穴的证据对于理解人类演化才显得尤为重要。

Modern Humans May Have Shared Culture With Neanderthals for 20,000 Years现代人类或曾与尼安德特人共享文化长达2万年

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