EN： The past participle phrase 'conducted on...' is used as a reduced relative clause (short for 'which was conducted on...') modifying the noun phrase 'A pioneering geoengineering experiment'. This is a common academic and journalistic structure used to pack information densely.
中文： 过去分词短语“conducted on...”用作简化关系从句（为“which was conducted on...”的省略），修饰名词短语“A pioneering geoengineering experiment”。这是学术与新闻英语中常见的结构，用于紧凑地呈现信息。
The research project funded by the government aims to reduce carbon emissions.
由政府资助的研究计划旨在减少碳排放。
EN： The present perfect tense ('has yielded') is used to describe an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past but has a direct, significant relevance to the present moment.
中文： 现在完成时（has yielded）用于描述在过去不特定时间发生、但与现在有直接且重大关联的动作或状态。
The new policy has generated a lot of public debate since its announcement.
新政策自公布以来已引起了大量的公众辩论。
EN： The verb 'yield' in this context means 'to produce or provide a natural product, result, or profit'. It is highly formal and frequently used in scientific, financial, and academic registers.
中文： 动词“yield”在此语境中意为“产生或提供（自然产物、结果或利润）”。此用法非常正式，常用于科学、金融和学术领域。
The investment has yielded high returns over the past three years.
这项投资在过去三年中产生了高额回报。
EN： Cambridge Bay (Ikaluktutiak) in Nunavut, Canada, is a key hub for Arctic research. Geoengineering experiments like the one conducted by Real Ice are highly controversial yet increasingly discussed as global warming accelerates. They represent a shift from passive conservation to active, technological intervention in fragile ecosystems.
中文： 位於加拿大努納武特地區的劍橋灣（伊卡盧克圖蒂亞克）是北極研究的重要樞紐。隨著全球暖化加劇，像 Real Ice 所進行的地球工程實驗雖然極具爭議，但討論度日益增加。這代表了從被動保護向對脆弱生態系統進行主動技術干預的轉變。
EN： Reduced relative clauses using past participles ('operated by...', 'funded by...') function as non-defining adjectival phrases. They modify the noun 'project' and are separated by commas, providing additional background information without changing the core meaning of the sentence.
中文： 使用过去分词（如“operated by...”、“funded by...”）的简化关系从句，在此作为非限定修饰形容词短语。它们用来修饰名词“project”（项目），并以逗号隔开，提供额外的背景信息，而不改变句子的核心意义。
The research, conducted by leading scientists and published in a prestigious journal, highlights the urgency of climate action.
这项由顶尖科学家进行并发表在权威期刊上的研究，凸显了气候行动的紧迫性。
EN： The verb 'aim' is commonly followed by an infinitive ('to' + verb) to express purpose, intention, or objective. In formal contexts, 'aim to' is preferred over 'aim at' when followed by an action.
中文： 动词“aim”后面通常接不定式（to + 动词）来表示目的、意图或目标。在正式语境中，当后面接动作时，较常使用“aim to”而非“aim at”。
The new policy aims to reduce carbon emissions by thirty percent over the next decade.
这项新政策旨在于未来十年内减少百分之三十的碳排放。
EN： The preposition 'by' followed by a gerund ('by artificially thickening...') is used to express the method or means by which an action or goal is achieved.
中文： 介词“by”后面接动名词（如“by artificially thickening...”）用于表示达成某个动作或目标的方法或手段（通过……方式）。
They managed to restore the local ecosystem by planting thousands of native trees.
他们通过种植数千棵本土树木，成功恢复了当地的生态系统。
EN： The sentence highlights a growing global interest in 'geoengineering' (or climate engineering) as a proactive measure against climate change. In the UK and Europe, there is significant public and governmental debate surrounding the ethics, funding, and potential ecological side effects of such technological interventions in nature, contrasting with traditional conservation-focused environmentalism.
中文： 此句子突顯了全球對「地球工程」（或氣候工程）作為應對氣候變遷積極手段的關注度日益提高。在英國和歐洲，關於此類對自然界進行科技干預的倫理、資金來源以及潛在生態副作用，存在著相當大的公眾與政府辯論，這與傳統以保育為核心的環保主義形成了對比。
EN： The structure 'would have + past participle' (here 'would have seemed') is used to express a hypothetical situation in the past, indicating how things would have been under different circumstances or from a past perspective looking even further back.
中文： “would have + 过去分词”（本句中为 would have seemed）用于表示对过去事情的假设或推测，说明在不同情况下事物会呈现的状态，或从过去某个时间点回看更早之前的设想。
Without your help, we would have failed the project.
如果没有你的帮助，我们这个项目早就失败了。
EN： An appositive noun phrase (here 'the project leader') is placed immediately after a noun (here 'Andrea Ceccolini') to identify or explain it. It is typically set off by commas.
中文： 同位语名词短语（此处为 the project leader）紧跟在名词（此处为 Andrea Ceccolini）之后，用于解释或补充说明该名词的身份或属性，通常前后会用逗号隔开。
Mr. Smith, the school principal, will give a speech tomorrow.
校长史密斯先生明天将发表讲话。
EN： The adverb 'merely' is used to emphasize how small, unimportant, or short a time something is. In this context, it emphasizes that 'only' one year ago, the situation was completely different.
中文： 副词“merely”用于强调某事物的微小、不重要或时间之短暂。在此语境中，它强调在“仅仅”一年前，情况还完全不同。
She was merely a child when she started playing the piano.
她开始弹钢琴时，还仅仅是个孩子。
EN： The past perfect tense ('had endured') is used to describe an action that was completed before another past action or a specific past time ('the observation').
中文： 过去完成时（'had endured'）用于描述在过去某个动作或特定过去时间（'the observation'，即观察）之前就已经完成的动作。
By the time the rescue team arrived, the climbers had endured freezing conditions for three days.
在搜救队抵达之前，登山者已经忍受了三天的极寒条件。
EN： The present participle phrase ('plunging to...') functions as an adjective modifying the noun 'temperatures', describing an ongoing or active state of rapid decrease.
中文： 现在分词短语（'plunging to...'）在此作为形容词修饰名词 'temperatures'（温度），描述温度急剧下降的活跃状态。
The stock market experienced a sudden shock, with prices plunging to historic lows.
股市经历了突然的震荡，价格骤降至历史低点。
EN： The conjunction 'while' followed by a present participle ('while drilling') is a reduced adverbial clause of time, standing for 'while they were drilling', which expresses simultaneous actions.
中文： 连接词 'while' 后接现在分词（'while drilling'）是一种简化的时间状语从句，代替 'while they were drilling'，用以表示两个动作同时发生。
Please wear protective goggles while operating the machinery.
操作该机械时请佩戴防护护目镜。
EN： The mention of 'minus forty degrees' (where Celsius and Fahrenheit scales actually meet at -40) highlights the extreme and hostile environment of the Arctic. Conducting scientific research in such conditions requires specialized equipment and immense physical endurance, reflecting the high stakes and urgency of modern climate change mitigation efforts.
中文： 提及「零下四十度」（這也是攝氏與華氏溫度計上唯一的交會點 -40 度）凸顯了北極極端且惡劣的自然環境。在這種條件下進行科學研究需要極為專業的設備與巨大的體能耐力，這反映出當前應對氣候變遷行動的迫切性與高昂代價。
EN： The use of 'where' as a relative adverb introducing a non-defining (non-restrictive) relative clause. In this structure, 'where' is preceded by a comma and adds extra, non-essential information about the location mentioned in the main clause ('the frozen surface'). It can be paraphrased as 'and there'.
中文： 使用关系副词“where”来引导非限制性关系从句。在此结构中，“where”前面有逗号，用来对主句中提到的地点（“the frozen surface”）补充额外的、非必要的说明。这可以改写为“and there”（并且在那里）。
We eventually reached the summit of the mountain, where we paused to admire the breathtaking sunrise.
我们最终抵达了山顶，在那里我们停下脚步，欣赏令人屏息的日出。
EN： The adverb 'subsequently' is used to indicate that an event happened after something else already mentioned. It is more formal than 'then' or 'afterwards' and is commonly positioned between the subject and the main verb in active sentences.
中文： 副词“subsequently”（随后、接着）用于表示某事件发生在已提及的另一件事之后。它比“then”或“afterwards”更为正式，在主动语态的句子中，通常置于主语与主要动词之间。
The company launched a new product and subsequently captured a significant share of the market.
该公司推出了一款新产品，随后夺取了显著的市场份额。
EN： Approximation modifiers with measurements: 'approximately' is a formal adverb used to modify numerical quantities (like 'fifty thousand tonnes'). It signals scientific or academic precision while acknowledging a slight margin of error.
中文： 测量数值的约数修饰语：“approximately”（大约）是一个正式副词，用于修饰数量（如“fifty thousand tonnes”）。它在承认有微小误差范围的同时，展现出科学或学术上的严谨性。
The laboratory synthesized approximately twenty grams of the compound for the initial trial.
实验室为初步试验合成了大约二十克的该化合物。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'According to' is used to introduce the source of information or opinion, establishing credibility. It is typically followed by a noun phrase.
中文： 介词短语“According to”（根据……）用于引出信息或观点的来源，以建立可信度。其后通常接名词短语。
According to the latest weather forecast, it will snow tomorrow.
根据最新的天气预报，明天将会下雪。
EN： The verb 'succeed' is followed by the preposition 'in' and a gerund (verb-ing) to express the successful completion of an action.
中文： 动词“succeed”（成功）后面接介词“in”和动名词（V-ing），用以表示成功完成某项动作。
She succeeded in passing the difficult exam after weeks of studying.
经过几周的努力，她成功通过了这场艰难的考试。
EN： The structure 'augment [something] by [amount]' is used to specify the exact quantity or degree by which something is increased.
中文： 结构“augment [某物] by [数量]”（将某物增加多少数量）用于明确指出某物增加的具体数量或程度。
The company augmented its workforce by twenty percent this year.
该公司今年将其员工总数增加了百分之二十。
EN： The present perfect tense ('has resisted') is used here to describe a state or action that began in the past and continues to be true or relevant up to the present moment, emphasizing the ongoing result of the geoengineering experiment.
中文： 现在完成时（has resisted）在此用于描述一个始于过去、且直到目前为止仍然属实或具有相关性的状态或动作，强调该地工计划所带来的持续性结果。
The newly implemented policy has successfully reduced carbon emissions over the past year.
新实施的政策在过去一年中已成功减少了碳排放。
EN： The comparative adverbial phrase 'more effectively than' is used to compare the degree of resistance between two subjects: 'the thickened ice' and 'untreated areas nearby'.
中文： 比较级副词短语“more effectively than”（比……更有效）用于比较两个主体在抵抗程度上的差异，即“经增厚的冰层”与“附近未经处理的区域”。
This new solar panel generates electricity more efficiently than older models.
这种新型太阳能板比旧型号更有效率地发电。
EN： The past participle 'thickened' functions as an adjective modifying the noun 'ice', indicating a state that has resulted from an action (the process of making it thicker).
中文： 过去分词“thickened”在此作形容词使用，修饰名词“ice”（冰层），表示因某个动作（使其增厚的过程）所导致的状态。
The frozen ground made it difficult for the team to drill holes.
结冻的地面使团队难以钻孔。
EN： The structure 'The contrast between A and B' is used to compare two distinct entities or conditions. 'Between' is the standard preposition used when comparing two specific groups or items.
中文： “The contrast between A and B”（A 与 B 之间的对比）结构用于比较两个不同的实体或状态。当比较两个特定的群体或项目时，“between”是标准使用的介词。
The contrast between the bustling city and the quiet countryside is stark.
繁华的都市与宁静的乡村之间的对比非常鲜明。
EN： The past participle 'treated' and the negative prefixed past participle 'untreated' function as participial adjectives modifying the noun 'ice'. This is a common way in scientific and academic English to describe experimental groups.
中文： 过去分词“treated”（经处理的）与带有否定前缀的过去分词“untreated”（未经处理的）在此作为分词形容词，修饰名词“ice”。这是学术与科学英语中描述实验组与对照组的常用方式。
The researcher compared the treated plants with the untreated ones.
研究人员将经过处理的植物与未经处理的植物进行了比较。
EN： The adjective 'striking' is used to describe something that is highly unusual, dramatic, or attracting attention. It is often paired with linking verbs like 'was' to emphasize a strong visual or conceptual difference.
中文： 形容词“striking”用于描述非常不寻常、引人注目或戏剧性的事物。它经常与系动词（如“was”）搭配，以强调强烈的视觉或概念差异。
There was a striking resemblance between the two historical events.
这两起历史事件之间存在着惊人的相似之处。
EN： The conjunction 'whereas' is used to introduce a subordinate clause that contrasts with the main clause. It is highly formal and typically placed at the beginning of a sentence or between two clauses to highlight a direct opposition or comparison.
中文： 连接词“whereas”用于引导与主句形成对比的从属从句。此用法非常正式，通常置于句首或两从句之间，用以强调直接的对比或对立关系。
Whereas some countries have seen a decline in carbon emissions, others continue to experience rapid increases.
然而，有些国家的碳排放量有所下降，其他国家却持续经历快速增长。
EN： The past perfect tense ('had already deteriorated') is used to describe an action that was completed before another action or a specific point in the past. In this sentence, the deterioration of the untreated areas happened prior to the observation or inspection mentioned in the context.
中文： 过去完成时（“had already deteriorated”）用于描述在过去某个动作或特定时间点之前就已经完成的动作。在本句中，未处理区域的退化发生在上下文所提到的观察或视察之前。
By the time the research team arrived at the site, the ice sheet had already fractured.
当研究团队抵达现场时，冰架早已破裂。
EN： The noun phrase 'a light dusting of' is an idiomatic expression used to describe a very thin layer of something powdery, most commonly snow, sugar, or flour, gently covering a surface.
中文： 名词短语“a light dusting of”是一个惯用语，用来形容某种粉末状物体（最常见的是雪、糖或面粉）轻轻覆盖在表面上的极薄一层。
The mountain peaks were beautiful with a light dusting of early autumn snow.
初秋的薄雪轻轻覆盖着山峰，显得格外美丽。
EN： The sentence highlights a stark visual contrast that is central to climate science communication: the 'albedo effect'. Brilliant white snow and ice reflect most of the sun's solar radiation back into space, whereas dark blue meltwater ponds absorb heat, accelerating the melting process. This visual contrast is not just aesthetic but represents a critical tipping point in polar feedback loops.
中文： 本句強調了氣候科學傳播中的核心視覺對比：即「反照率效應」（albedo effect）。亮白色的冰雪能將大部分太陽輻射反射回太空，而深藍色的融冰池則會吸收熱量，進而加速融化過程。這種視覺上的強烈對比不僅是美學上的，更代表了極地反饋機制中關鍵的臨界點。
EN： The reporting verb 'noted' is followed by a noun clause introduced by the conjunction 'that', which functions as the direct object of the verb. In formal writing, 'that' is often retained to maintain clarity, especially when the clause contains complex structures.
中文： 引导动词“noted”（指出）后面接由连接词“that”引导的名词从句，作为该动词的直接宾语。在正式写作中，通常会保留“that”以保持结构清晰，特别是当从句包含复杂结构时。
The researcher noted that the temperature had risen significantly over the decade.
研究人员指出，这十年间温度显著上升。
EN： The word 'literally' is used as an intensifier to emphasize that a statement is entirely true and not a metaphor or exaggeration. In this context, it highlights that the boundary was so distinct that a person could physically point to it.
中文： “literally”（字面意义上地/确实地）用作加强语气的副词，用以强调某个陈述完全属实，而非比喻或夸张。在此语境中，它强调该边界是如此清晰，以至于人们真的可以用手指出来。
The wind was so strong that it literally blew the umbrella inside out.
风大到真的把雨伞给吹翻过来了。
EN： The present participle phrase 'separating the two dramatically different surfaces' acts as an adjective modifying the noun 'boundary'. This is a reduced relative clause, shortened from 'which separates...'.
中文： 现在分词短语“separating the two dramatically different surfaces”用作形容词，修饰名词“boundary”（边界）。这是一个简化关系从句，由“which separates...”缩减而来。
There is a fence separating the two properties.
有一道围篱隔开了这两处房产。
EN： This sentence uses an inverted conditional structure (also known as 'had/were/should inversion') to express a hypothetical situation. In formal English, 'If this approach were to prove...' is inverted by omitting 'if' and placing the auxiliary verb 'were' before the subject. This structure is highly formal and commonly used in academic, journalistic, or professional contexts.
中文： 本句使用了倒装条件句结构（亦称为 had/were/should 倒装）来表示假设情况。在正式英语中，将“If this approach were to prove...”省略“if”，并将助动词“were”移至主语之前。这种结构非常正式，常用于学术、新闻或专业写作中。
Were they to accept our proposal, we would begin the project immediately.
倘若他们接受我们的提案，我们将立即启动该项目。
EN： The infinitive structure 'to prove + adjective' (here, 'to prove scalable') is used as a linking verb construction meaning 'to turn out to be' or 'to be shown to be'. It is a more formal alternative to 'proves to be'.
中文： 不定式结构“to prove + 形容词”（此处为 to prove scalable）用作系动词结构，意思是“结果证明是”或“被证实为”。这是比“proves to be”更为正式的表达方式。
The new strategy has yet to prove effective.
新策略是否有效仍有待证实。
EN： The modal verb 'could' is used here to express a tentative or conditional possibility in the future, dependent on the condition in the 'were' clause. It is less certain than 'would' and more formal than 'might'.
中文： 情态动词“could”在此处用于表示未来暂定或有条件的可能性，取决于“were”从句中的条件。它比“would”更具不确定性，且比“might”更为正式。
With proper funding, this research could lead to a cure.
有了充足的资金，这项研究可能会带来治愈方法。
EN： The linking verb 'remain' is used to describe a state that continues to exist. It is followed by an adjective or adjective phrase (here, 'deeply concerning') acting as a subject complement.
中文： 系动词“remain”（仍然是/保持）用于描述持续存在的状态。其后接形容词或形容词短语（此处为“deeply concerning”）作为主语补语。
Despite the challenges, the overall economic outlook remains highly optimistic.
尽管面临挑战，整体的经济前景依然高度乐观。
EN： The present participle '-ing' form 'concerning' is used as an adjective meaning 'causing anxiety; worrying'. It is often modified by adverbs of degree such as 'deeply', 'highly', or 'extremely'.
中文： 现在分词“-ing”形式的“concerning”在此用作形容词，意思是“令人担忧的；令人忧虑的”。它经常受到“deeply”（深深地）、“highly”（高度地）或“extremely”（极度地）等程度副词的修饰。
The sudden drop in student enrollment is deeply concerning to the school board.
学生入学人数的骤降对学校董事会来说是深深地令人担忧的。
EN： The present participle phrase 'working in the region' functions as an adjective phrase modifying the noun phrase 'scientific research teams'. This is a reduced relative clause (short for 'who are working in the region').
中文： 现在分词短语“working in the region”用作形容词短语，修饰名词短语“scientific research teams”。这是一个简化的关系从句（原为“who are working in the region”）。
The engineers developing the new software are based in Silicon Valley.
开发新软件的工程师们总部设在硅谷。
EN： The past participle phrase 'known as...' acts as a reduced relative clause (which is known as...) modifying 'Cambridge Bay'. This is a common way to provide supplementary information or alternative names in a concise manner.
中文： 过去分词短语“known as...”（被称为……）在此作为简化的关系从句（原为 which is known as...），用以修饰“剑桥湾”（Cambridge Bay）。这是在英文中提供补充信息或别名时，非常常用且简洁的表达方式。
The local delicacy, known as haggis in Scotland, is made from sheep's pluck.
这道当地佳肴在苏格兰被称为哈吉斯（羊杂肚），是由羊的内脏制成的。
EN： The present participle phrase 'far surpassing...' functions as an adverbial clause of result or attendant circumstance, modifying the entire preceding clause. It explains the consequence or extent of the temperatures exceeding five degrees.
中文： 现在分词短语“far surpassing...”（远远超过……）在此用作表示结果或伴随情况的状语从句，修饰前面的整个主句。它进一步解释了气温超过五度所带来的影响或其惊人程度。
The company's annual revenue reached record highs, far surpassing all market expectations.
该公司的年收入创下历史新高，远远超过了所有市场预期。
EN： Cambridge Bay is located in Nunavut, Canada. Its traditional Inuit name, 'Ikaluktutiak' (meaning 'good fishing place'), reflects the deep connection of the indigenous Inuit people to the land and its resources. Using both names acknowledges the colonial history and the ongoing efforts to respect and revitalize indigenous languages and sovereignty in northern Canada.
中文： 劍橋灣位於加拿大努納武特地區。其傳統的因紐特語名稱「伊卡盧克圖蒂亞克」（意為「良好的捕魚場所」），反映了當地原住民因紐特人與土地及自然資源的深厚連結。在報導中同時使用這兩個名稱，展現了對殖民歷史的反思，以及加拿大北部在尊重與復興原住民語言和主權方面所做的持續努力。
EN： The noun phrase 'a phenomenon...' functions as an appositive, renaming and expanding on the entire preceding clause ('conditions were severely out of balance'). This is a sophisticated syntactic device used in formal writing to add commentary or evaluation without starting a new sentence.
中文： 名词短语“a phenomenon...”（一种现象...）作为同位语，用以重新命名并延伸说明前面整个从句（“情况严重失衡”）。这是一种在正式写作中常用的进阶句型结构，能在不开始新句子的情况下添加评论或评估。
The temperature rose by three degrees in a single decade, a trend that alarmed scientists worldwide.
气温在短短十年内上升了三度，这一趋势令全球科学家感到震惊。
EN： The correlative structure 'not confined to... but indicative of...' is a variation of 'not only... but also...', used to contrast a limitation with a broader, more significant truth. Both parts of the correlation are parallel in structure, here using past participles/adjectives ('confined' and 'indicative') followed by prepositions ('to' and 'of').
中文： 相关结构“not confined to... but indicative of...”（不仅限于……而是预示着……）是“not only... but also...”的变体，用于将某种局限性与更广泛、更重要的事实进行对比。此结构的两个部分在语法上呈平行对称，此处皆使用过去分词/形容词（“confined”与“indicative”）后接介词（“to”与“of”）。
The economic downturn is not confined to the housing market but indicative of systemic financial instability.
经济衰退不仅限于房地产市场，还预示着系统性的金融不稳定。
EN： The adjective 'indicative' is followed by the preposition 'of' to mean 'serving as a sign or indication of something'. It is a formal, academic alternative to 'shows' or 'indicates'.
中文： 形容词“indicative”后接介词“of”，表示“作为某事物的迹象或暗示”。这是“shows”（显示）或“indicates”（指出）在正式与学术写作中的高阶替代词汇。
His hesitant response was indicative of his reluctance to join the project.
他犹豫不决的回答预示着他不愿意加入这个项目。
EN： Negative Inversion with 'Not only...': When a negative adverbial phrase like 'Not only' begins a sentence for emphasis, the subject and auxiliary verb (or 'be' verb) are inverted. The structure is 'Not only + auxiliary/be + subject + verb... but (also) ...'.
中文： 否定倒装句（Not only...）：当“Not only”等否定副词短语置于句首以示强调时，主语与助动词（或 be 动词）须进行倒装。其结构为“Not only + 助动词/be动词 + 主语 + 动词... but (also) ...”。
Not only did they complete the project ahead of schedule, but they also saved the company thousands of dollars.
他们不仅提前完成了项目，还帮公司省下了数千美元。
EN： The preposition 'through' indicating means or agency: Used to show the method, cause, or medium by which something is achieved or happens. In this context, it introduces the mechanism ('reduced reflectivity') that causes the effect ('amplifying global warming').
中文： 介词“through”表示手段或原因：用于表示达成某事或某事发生的方法、原因或媒介。在此语境中，它引出了导致“加剧全球变暖”这一结果的机制（“反射率降低”）。
The company expanded its market share through aggressive digital marketing campaigns.
该公司通过积极的数字营销活动扩大了其市场份额。
EN： This sentence refers to the 'ice-albedo feedback' loop, a critical concept in polar climatology. 'Reflectivity' (or albedo) refers to the ability of ice and snow to reflect solar energy back into space. When white ice melts, it reveals dark ocean water, which absorbs more heat, leading to further warming and more melting. This feedback loop is one of the primary reasons the Arctic is warming much faster than the rest of the globe.
中文： 本句涉及極地氣候學中關鍵的「冰雪反照率回饋」（ice-albedo feedback）機制。「反射率」（或稱反照率）是指冰雪將太陽能反射回太空的能力。當白色的冰雪融化，露出深色的海水時，海水會吸收更多熱量，進而導致溫度進一步上升並加速冰雪融化。這種回饋循環是北極變暖速度遠快於全球其他地區的主要原因之一。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中： 开创性的、先驱的
在本文中： 产生（效果、收益或产量）
在本文中： 加速的、不断加快的
在本文中： 难以置信的、不可思议的
在本文中： 增加、增大、加强
在本文中： 显而易见地、可论证地
在本文中： 显著的、引人注目的
在本文中： 恶化、退化（此处指冰层融化瓦解）
在本文中： 可扩展的、可按比例放大的
在本文中： 超过、超越
在本文中： 局限于、限制在
在本文中： 表明的、暗示的
在本文中： 史无前例的、空前的
在本文中： 放大、增强
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
The deliberate large-scale manipulation of an environmental process that affects the earth's climate, in an attempt to counteract the effects of global warming.
地球工程、地质工程
Not in a stable, correct, or healthy state; lacking equilibrium.
失去平衡、失衡
Radiant energy emitted by the sun, particularly electromagnetic energy.
太阳辐射
Moving or changing at a speed that has never been experienced or known before.
以史无前例的速度