Nuclear Batteries and Laser Power: NASA Picks 37 Companies to Build Moon Base Tools核电池与激光供电：NASA 选出 37 家月球基地承包商
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#1
NASA has selected 37 American companies to tackle the formidable engineering challenges associated with establishing a permanent lunar base, the agency announced on June 26.
美國國家航空暨太空總署於 6 月 26 日宣布，已選定 37 家美國公司來應對與建立永久月球基地相關的艱巨工程挑戰。
#2
Under the 2025 Announcement of Collaboration Opportunity program, these firms will gain access to NASA's specialized facilities, including wind tunnels, thermal vacuum chambers, and hypervelocity test ranges, without any direct cash expenditure from the agency.
在2025年合作機會公告計畫下，這些公司將得以使用美國國家航空暨太空總署的專業設施，包括風洞、熱真空室和超高速測試場，而該署無需支付任何直接的現金支出。
#3
The partnership, valued at approximately 62 million dollars, is designed to accelerate the development of critical technologies ahead of Artemis IV, which remains targeted for early 2028.
這項估值約為 6200 萬美元的合作關係，旨在加速關鍵技術的開發，以趕在仍計劃於 2028 年初進行的阿提米絲4號任務之前完成。
#4
The scope of these partnerships underscores the sheer hostility of the lunar environment.
這些合作關係的範圍突顯了月球環境極其惡劣的本質。
#5
During the Moon's two-week-long night, temperatures in permanently shadowed regions near the south pole plummet to approximately minus 334 degrees Fahrenheit, rendering every solar-powered robot inoperable.
在月球長達兩週的夜晚期間，南極附近永久陰影區的溫度會驟降至約華氏零下334度，導致所有太陽能驅動的機器人無法運作。
#6
Conventional wiring across the crater-scored, abrasive-dust-covered surface has proven impractical, which is precisely why nuclear battery technology and laser-based power transmission have emerged as viable alternatives.
在佈滿隕石坑且覆蓋著磨蝕性沙塵的月球表面進行傳統佈線已被證明是不切實際的，這正是為什麼核子電池技術與雷射動力傳輸會脫穎而出，成為可行替代方案的原因。
#7
Were it not for such engineering innovation, sustained human presence on the Moon would remain fundamentally unachievable.
若非有這樣的工程創新，人類在月球上持續生存基本上是無法實現的。
#8
Collectively, the 37 selected companies constitute the supply chain upon which NASA's ambitious timeline depends.
合起來，這 37 家獲選的公司構成了美國國家航空暨太空總署雄心勃勃的時間表所依賴的供應鏈。
#9
Among the pressing technical problems they must address is the challenge of returning hardware from orbit without it disintegrating during atmospheric reentry, a procedure requiring guidance systems never previously validated at the velocities involved.
在他們必須解決的緊迫技術問題中，最主要的挑戰是在硬體返回軌道時，不讓其在大氣層再入過程中解體，這一程序需要先前從未在所涉及的速度下進行過驗證的導引系統。
#10
Space exploration experts have cautioned that should any critical component fail to materialize on schedule, the entire Artemis program could face substantial delays.
太空探索專家警告，一旦有任何關鍵部件未能按計劃實現，整個阿提米絲計畫都可能面臨重大延誤。
#11
Not only does this initiative represent a pragmatic approach to cost-sharing, but it also signals NASA's recognition that no single entity can solve the multifaceted problems of establishing a lunar base.
這項倡議不僅代表了一種務實的成本分攤方法，也標誌著美國國家航空暨太空總署體認到，沒有任何單一實體能夠解決建立月球基地所面臨的多方面問題。