EN： The verb 'want' is followed by an infinitive (to + verb) to express a desire or intention. In this sentence, 'want to raise' functions as the main verb phrase, where 'to raise' is the direct object of 'want'.
中文： 动词「want」（想要）后面接不定式（to + 动词原形）来表示愿望或意图。在本句中，「want to raise」作为主要动词短语，其中「to raise」是「want」的直接宾语。
They want to build a new community garden.
他们想要建造一个新的社区花园。
EN： The collocation 'raise awareness about/of [something]' means to increase people's knowledge and understanding of a particular issue. 'About' is a preposition introducing the topic of awareness.
中文： 搭配词「raise awareness about/of [某事]」意为提高人们对特定议题的认知与了解。介词「about」在此用于引介该认知的主题。
We need to raise awareness about mental health.
我们需要提高大众对心理健康的意识。
EN： In many English-speaking countries, environmental advocacy and community-led initiatives for clean water (such as protecting local watersheds or reducing plastic waste) are highly valued. Phrases like 'raise awareness' are commonly used in non-profit organizations, school campaigns, and social activism to mobilize public support.
中文： 在許多英語系國家，環境倡議和社區主導的乾淨水源活動（例如保護當地流域或減少塑膠垃圾）非常受到重視。像「raise awareness」（提高意識）這樣的片語，經常被非營利組織、學校宣導活動和社會運動所使用，用以動員大眾的支持。
EN： The causative verb 'let' is followed by an object (us) and a bare infinitive (take) to make a suggestion or call to action. 'Let us' is often contracted to 'let's' in informal speech.
中文： 使役动词「let」（让）后面接宾语（us）和原形动词（take），用于提出建议或呼吁采取行动。「Let us」在口语中常缩写为「let's」。
Let us work together to find a solution.
让我们共同努力寻找解决方案。
EN： The conjunction 'before' introduces an adverbial clause of time. In time clauses referring to the future, we use the simple present tense ('grows') instead of the future tense.
中文： 从属连词「before」（在...之前）引导时间状语从句。在表示未来时间的从句中，我们使用一般现在时（grows）来代替一般将来时。
Please turn off the lights before you leave.
请在离开前把灯关掉。
EN： The phrase 'take action' is a common call to action in civic and environmental campaigns. It emphasizes proactive behavior rather than passive observation, which is highly valued in Western community organizing.
中文： 「take action」（採取行動）是公民與環保運動中常見的號召用語。它強調主動積極的態度而非被動旁觀，這在西方的社區組織文化中受到高度重視。
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used here to express possibility or potential. It indicates that 'small steps' have the ability or potential to produce a significant result.
中文： 情态助动词「can」在此处用于表示可能性或潜力。它指出「小小的步伐」具有产生重大结果的能力或潜在可能性。
Regular exercise can improve your health.
规律的运动可以改善你的健康。
EN： The collocation 'make a difference' is a common idiomatic expression meaning to have a significant effect on a person or situation. The adjective 'real' is used to emphasize the genuineness and impact of the change.
中文： 固定搭配「make a difference」是一个常见的习惯用语，意思是对人或处境产生显著的影响。形容词「real」（真正的）用于强调这种改变的真实性与影响力。
Your generous donation will make a big difference to the school.
您的慷慨捐款将对这所学校产生重大的影响。
EN： The phrase 'make a difference' is deeply rooted in Western civic culture, emphasizing individual agency and the belief that every single person's actions, no matter how small, contribute to the greater good of the community.
中文： 「make a difference」這個片語深深植根於西方公民文化中，強調個人能動性，並深信每個人的行動（無論多麼微小）都能為社區的整體利益做出貢獻。
EN： The collocation 'play a role in' is used to describe the involvement or influence of someone or something in a particular activity or situation. The adjective 'key' (meaning crucial or essential) modifies 'role' to emphasize importance.
中文： 动词短语「play a role in」（在……中扮演角色/起作用）用于描述某人或某事在特定活动或情境中的参与或影响。形容词「key」（关键的、重要的）修饰「role」，用以强调其重要性。
Technology plays a key role in modern education.
科技在现代教育中扮演着关键角色。
EN： The preposition 'in' is used here to indicate the area, domain, or activity where the role is played (in this case, 'our plan').
中文： 介词「in」在此处用于指示扮演该角色或发挥作用的领域、范围或活动（在此句中为「我们的计划」）。
She wants to be involved in the decision-making process.
她希望参与决策过程。
EN： In many English-speaking societies, volunteering is highly valued and deeply integrated into community development, school curriculums, and corporate social responsibility. Saying volunteers 'play a key role' reflects this cultural emphasis on active civic participation.
中文： 在許多英語系國家中，志願服務（義工活動）受到高度重視，並深植於社區發展、學校課程和企業社會責任中。說志工「扮演關鍵角色」反映了這種強調公民積極參與的文化價值觀。
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used here to express possibility or potential. It is followed by the base form of the verb ('have').
中文： 情态动词“can”在此处用于表示可能性或潜力。其后接动词原形（此处为“have”）。
This new technology can improve our daily lives.
这项新技术能改善我们的日常生活。
EN： The collocation 'have an impact' is used to describe making a difference. The adjective 'lasting' (meaning continuing for a long time) modifies 'impact' to specify the duration of the effect.
中文： 搭配“have an impact”用于描述产生影响。形容词“lasting”（意为持续很长时间的）修饰“impact”，以明确说明该影响的持续时间。
Her words had a lasting impact on my career choices.
她的话对我的职业选择产生了深远的影响。
EN： The modal verb 'must' is used to express strong obligation or necessity. It is followed by the base form of the verb (infinitive without 'to').
中文： 情态助动词 'must' 用于表示强烈的义务或必要性（必须）。其后接动词原形（不带 to 的不定式）。
We must protect our environment.
我们必须保护我们的环境。
EN： The collocation 'meet the needs' means to satisfy or fulfill requirements, demands, or necessities.
中文： 固定搭配 'meet the needs' 意为「满足需求」，指提供足够的事物以符合要求、渴望或必要条件。
The new school was built to meet the needs of the growing community.
建立这所新学校是为了满足日益增长的社区需求。
EN： In many English-speaking cultures, 'neighbors' refers not just to people living next door, but to the broader local community. 'Meeting the needs of neighbors' reflects a strong civic duty and community-oriented mindset.
中文： 在許多英語系國家的文化中，「neighbors」（鄰居）不僅指住在隔壁的人，也泛指整個在地社區。「滿足鄰居的需求」體現了強烈的公民義務與社區互助精神。
EN： The causative verb 'let' is used to make suggestions or proposals. It is followed by an object (us) and the bare infinitive (reach) without 'to'. 'Let us' (often contracted as 'let's') is a polite way to invite others to do something together.
中文： 使役动词“let”用于提出建议或提议。其后接宾语（us）和不带to的动词原形（reach）。“Let us”（常缩写为let's）是一种礼貌邀请他人共同行动的表达方式。
Let us discuss the details of the project tomorrow.
让我们明天讨论这个项目的细节。
EN： The collocation 'reach an agreement on' means to arrive at a decision or opinion that everyone accepts regarding a specific topic. The preposition 'on' is used to introduce the subject of the agreement.
中文： 短语“reach an agreement on”表示就特定主题达成大家都能接受的决定或共识。介词“on”用于引出达成共识的具体事项。
They finally reached an agreement on the new contract terms.
他们最终就新合同条款达成了共识。
EN： In professional and community organizing contexts, discussing budgets can often be a point of tension. Using inclusive language like 'Let us' helps build a collaborative atmosphere, signaling that the speaker views the financial planning as a shared responsibility rather than an imposition.
中文： 在專業和社區組織的背景下，討論預算往往容易產生緊張氣氛。使用像「Let us」（讓我們）這樣具包容性的語言有助於營造合作的氛圍，這表明說話者將財務規劃視為共同的責任，而非強加的指令。
EN： The modal verb 'should' is used to express duty, advice, or recommendation. It is followed by the base form of the verb (in this case, 'pay').
中文： 情态助动词「should」（应该）用于表示义务、建议或劝告。其后必须接动词原形（在此句中为「pay」）。
We should listen to their suggestions.
我们应该听取他们的建议。
EN： The collocation 'pay attention to' is a common phrasal verb meaning to listen to, watch, or consider something or someone carefully.
中文： 短语「pay attention to」（注意／关注）是一个常见的动词搭配，意思是仔细聆听、观察或考虑某事或某人。
Please pay attention to the road signs.
请注意路标。
EN： In democratic and community-driven contexts, 'every voice' emphasizes inclusivity and the value of active listening, suggesting that even minority or quiet opinions are important for collective decision-making.
中文： 在民主與社區導向的背景下，「every voice」（每一個聲音）強調了包容性與傾聽的價值，暗示即使是少數或微弱的意見，對於集體決策也同樣至關重要。
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used here to express possibility or potential. It indicates that the subject ('a single idea') has the ability or potential to bring about the action ('spark real change').
中文： 情态助动词「can」在此处用于表示可能性或潜力。它指出主语（「a single idea」，一个单纯的想法）具有带来该动作（「spark real change」，激发真正的改变）的能力或潜在力量。
Regular exercise can improve your health.
规律的运动能改善你的健康。
EN： The verb 'spark' is used metaphorically as a transitive verb meaning to cause something to start or develop suddenly, much like a physical spark ignites a fire.
中文： 动词「spark」在此处作为及物动词的隐喻用法，意思是突然引起或激发某事的开始与发展，就像物理上的火花点燃火焰一样。
The teacher's words sparked a lively discussion.
老师的话激发了热烈的讨论。
EN： This sentence reflects a common theme in English-speaking civic and social movements, emphasizing individual agency and the power of grassroots initiatives. The word 'spark' is frequently used in motivational contexts to suggest that large-scale movements often begin with a very small, initial catalyst.
中文： 這句話反映了英語系國家公民與社會運動中常見的主題，強調個人能動性與草根倡議的力量。動詞「spark」（激發/點燃）經常被用於勵志語境中，暗示大規模的運動往往是從一個非常微小的初始催化劑開始的。
EN： The verb 'need' is followed by a to-infinitive ('to set') to express necessity or obligation. In this sentence, the 'to' is shared by both verbs in the coordinate structure: 'to set... and (to) meet...'.
中文： 动词“need”（需要）后面接不定式（to + 动词原形）来表示必要性或义务。在本句中，“to”由并列连词连接的两个动词共享，即“to set... and (to) meet...”（省略了第二个to）。
We need to finish the report and submit it today.
我们需要完成这份报告并在今天提交。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'on time' functions as an adverbial modifier meaning 'at the planned or expected time; punctual'. It is different from 'in time', which means 'early enough'.
中文： 介词短语“on time”用作状语，意思是“准时、按预定时间”；与“in time”（及时、来得及）的意思有所不同。
Please ensure you arrive at the meeting on time.
请确保你准时到达会议现场。
EN： The structure 'Let us + base verb' (often contracted to 'Let's') is used to make a suggestion, offer an invitation, or encourage a group of people to do something together.
中文： “Let us + 动词原形”（常缩写为Let's）结构用于提出建议、发出邀请，或鼓励一群人共同采取行动，中文常译为“让我们……”。
Let us work together to finish this project.
让我们一起努力完成这个项目。
EN： The collocation 'take responsibility for' means to accept duty or blame for something, or to commit to taking care of a particular task or group.
中文： 短语“take responsibility for”意为“为……承担责任”或“负责”，表示愿意承担某事、某任务或某群体的责任与义务。
We must take responsibility for our own mistakes.
我们必须为自己的错误承担责任。
EN： In Western communities, civic engagement and taking individual or collective responsibility for local neighborhoods are highly valued. This phrase reflects the spirit of active citizenship and community-led initiatives.
中文： 在西方社會中，公民參與以及個人或集體對在地鄰里的責任感備受重視。這句話反映了積極公民意識與社區自主發起行動的精神。
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used to express ability or possibility in the present or future. It is followed by the base form of the verb (in this case, 'solve').
中文： 情态助动词「can」用于表示现在或未来的能力或可能性。其后必须接动词原形（在此句中为「solve」）。
With enough practice, you can speak English fluently.
通过足够的练习，你就能流利地说英语。
EN： The demonstrative adjective 'this' is used to point to a specific singular noun ('problem') that is close to the speaker's current context or topic of discussion.
中文： 指示形容词「this」（这个）用于指代在说话者当前语境或讨论主题中，距离较近的特定单数名词（在此句中为「problem」）。
We need to address this issue immediately.
我们需要立即处理这个问题。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, emphasizing collective effort ('together', 'shared problem') is a common rhetorical strategy used to build community spirit and motivate people to take action. It shifts the focus from individual responsibility to a supportive, collaborative environment.
中文： 在英語系國家中，強調集體努力（如「together」、「shared problem」）是一種常見的修辭策略，用於建立社區凝聚力並激勵人們採取行動。這能將焦點從個人責任轉移到互相支持、通力合作的氛圍中。
EN： The subordinating conjunction 'when' is used to introduce an adverbial clause of time, indicating the moment or condition under which the action in the main clause ('Change begins') occurs.
中文： 从属连接词「when」用于引导时间状语从句，表示主句动作（「改变就开始了」）发生的时刻或条件。
Success happens when preparation meets opportunity.
当准备碰上机会时，成功就会发生。
EN： The verb 'decide' is followed by an infinitive ('to' + base verb) as its direct object, expressing a choice or plan to perform a future action.
中文： 动词「decide」（决定）后面接不定式（to + 原形动词）作为其直接宾语，用以表达做出执行某个未来行动的决定或计划。
They decided to support the local charity.
他们决定支持当地的慈善机构。
EN： The phrase 'take action' is a powerful call to arms in civic and community organizing. It reflects a deeply rooted cultural value in English-speaking societies regarding grassroots activism—the belief that individual, ordinary citizens have the power and responsibility to drive societal change, rather than waiting for top-down solutions.
中文： 「take action」（採取行動）是公民與社區組織中極具號召力的片語。它反映了英語系國家中根深蒂固的草根運動文化價值觀——即相信普通公民個體有能力也有責任去推動社會變革，而非消極等待自上而下的解決方案。
EN： The modal verb 'must' is used to express strong obligation or necessity. It is followed by the base form of the verb (bare infinitive), in this case, 'raise'.
中文： 情态动词“must”（必须）用于表示强烈的义务或必要性。其后接动词原形（不带to的不定式），在此句中为“raise”。
We must protect our environment for future generations.
我们必须为了下一代保护我们的环境。
EN： The relative clause 'that matter' is a defining relative clause modifying the noun 'issues'. 'That' acts as the subject relative pronoun, and 'matter' is an intransitive verb meaning 'to be important'.
中文： 关系从句“that matter”（重要的）是限定性关系从句，修饰名词“issues”（议题）。“that”作为关系代词作主语，“matter”为不及物动词，意为“重要、有重大关系”。
EN： The verb 'help' can be followed by an object and then either a bare infinitive (verb without 'to') or a full infinitive (with 'to'). In this sentence, 'helps us make' uses the bare infinitive 'make' after the object 'us'.
中文： 动词「help」（帮助）后面可以接受词，再接不带 to 的不定式（原形动词）或带 to 的不定式。在本句中，「helps us make」在宾语「us」后面使用了原形动词「make」。
This map helps us find the way.
这张地图帮助我们找到了路。
EN： The coordinating conjunction 'and' connects two coordinate adjectives ('real' and 'lasting') that modify the same noun ('difference'). 'Lasting' is a present participle used as an adjective meaning enduring or continuing for a long time.
中文： 并列连词「and」连接两个同等的形容词（「real」与「lasting」），共同修饰后面的名词「difference」。「Lasting」是现在分词作形容词用，表示持久的或深远的。
They want to create a peaceful and lasting partnership.
他们想要建立一个和平且持久的伙伴关系。
EN： The phrase 'play a part in' means to be involved in something or to contribute to a result. It is followed by a noun or a gerund (verb-ing).
中文： 短语“play a part in”意为“参与……”或“在……中发挥作用、扮演角色”。后面接名词或动名词（V-ing）。
Technology plays a part in improving modern education.
科技在改善现代教育中发挥了作用。
EN： The phrasal verb 'turn A into B' means to transform or change A into B. In this sentence, 'hope' (abstract concept) is turned into 'work' (concrete action).
中文： 动词短语“turn A into B”意为“将A转化为B”。在本句中，是将“希望”（抽象概念）转化为“工作/实际行动”（具体行动）。
She turned her passion for cooking into a successful career.
她将自己对烹饪的热情转化为成功的事业。
EN： In English-speaking non-profit and community organizing contexts, 'work' is often contrasted with 'hope' or 'words' to emphasize tangible action and labor over passive wishing. This reflects a cultural value placed on pragmatism and active civic participation.
中文： 在英語系的非營利組織和社區組織語境中，「work」（工作/行動）經常與「hope」（希望）或「words」（言語）形成對比，以強調「具體的行動與付出」比「被動的期盼」更為重要。這反映了西方文化中注重務實與積極參與公共事務的價值觀。
EN： The infinitive of purpose ('to' + base verb) is used to express the reason or intention behind an action, answering the question 'why?'. It can be expanded to 'in order to' for more formal emphasis.
中文： 不定式表目的（to + 原形动词）用于表达某个动作背后的理由或意图，回答「为什么」的问题。在更正式的语境中，可以扩展为 'in order to'。
She studied hard to pass the exam.
她努力学习以通过考试。
EN： Adverbs of manner (like 'closely') describe how an action is performed. They typically modify verbs and are often placed immediately after the verb they modify, or after the object if there is one.
中文： 方式副词（如 'closely'）描述动作进行的方式。它们通常修饰动词，并常置于所修饰的动词之后，若有宾语则置于宾语之后。
Please read the instructions closely before starting.
开始前请仔细阅读说明。
EN： The past participle phrase 'done with care' acts as an adjective modifying the noun phrase 'Small projects'. It is a reduced relative clause, shortened from 'which are done with care'.
中文： 过去分词短语「done with care」在此作为形容词，用来修饰名词短语「Small projects」（小型项目）。这是一种简化的关系从句，由「which are done with care」省略而来。
The report, written in haste, contained several errors.
这份匆忙写就的报告包含好几个错误。
EN： The collocation 'have an impact' is used to describe the effect or influence that something has on someone or something. 'Wide' acts as an adjective to specify the scope of the impact.
中文： 常见搭配词「have an impact」用于描述某事对某人或某物所产生的影响或作用。形容词「wide」则用来具体说明该影响的范围广泛。
Her speech had a profound impact on the audience.
她的演讲对听众产生了深远的影响。
EN： The phrase 'pay attention to' is a common phrasal verb meaning to listen to, watch, or consider something carefully. The preposition 'to' must be followed by a noun, pronoun, or gerund.
中文： 短语「pay attention to」是一个常见的动词短语，意思是仔细聆听、观看或考虑某事。介词「to」后面必须接名词、代词或动名词。
You must pay attention to the traffic signs when driving.
开车时你必须注意交通标志。
EN： 'No matter how' is a concessive conjunction used to express that something is true or will happen regardless of the degree or extent of an adjective or adverb. It is followed by 'adjective/adverb + subject + verb'.
中文： 「No matter how」（不论如何、不管多么）是一个让步连词，用来表示无论形容词或副词的程度如何，某事都是真实的或将会发生。其结构为「no matter how + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 动词」。
No matter how difficult the task is, we will finish it.
不论这项任务多么困难，我们都会完成它。
EN： In collaborative and community-driven environments in English-speaking cultures, there is a strong emphasis on inclusivity and active listening. Phrases like 'no matter how quiet' highlight the democratic value that every individual's contribution is worthy of respect, encouraging introverted or less vocal members to share their thoughts.
中文： 在英語系國家的合作與社區導向環境中，非常強調包容性與傾聽。像「no matter how quiet」這樣的表達方式，突顯了每個人貢獻都值得尊重的民主價值，鼓勵性格內向或不常發言的成員分享他們的想法。
EN： The conjunction 'when' is used to introduce an adverbial clause of time, indicating that the action in the main clause happens at the same time or immediately after the action in the dependent clause.
中文： 连词“when”用于引导时间状语从句，表示主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生，或在其之后立即发生。
When the bell rings, the students leave the classroom.
当钟声响起时，学生们就离开教室。
EN： The idiom 'move as one' means to act in complete agreement or coordination, where a group of individuals behaves as a single cohesive unit.
中文： 短语“move as one”意为“采取一致行动”或“协调一致”，形容一个群体中的个体像一个单一的整体般行动。
EN： The phrase 'move as one' reflects a strong cultural value placed on teamwork, solidarity, and collective action in English-speaking communities, especially in collaborative projects or sports.
中文： 片語「move as one」反映了英語系國家對於團隊合作、團結一致以及集體行動的高度重視，特別是在合作專案或體育運動中。
EN： The coordinating conjunction 'and' is used here to connect two independent clauses with the same subject ('We'). In English, when two clauses share the same subject, the subject of the second clause ('we') is often omitted to avoid repetition, resulting in a compound predicate: 'set clear goals' and 'meet them step by step'.
中文： 并列连词「and」在此用于连接两个共享相同主语（We）的独立从句。在英文中，当两个从句的主语相同时，第二个从句的主语（we）通常会省略以避免重复，形成复合谓语：「set clear goals」与「meet them step by step」。
She wrote the report and submitted it to the manager.
她写了报告并将其提交给了经理。
EN： The phrase 'step by step' is an adverbial idiom meaning gradually, progressively, or doing one thing at a time. It modifies the verb 'meet' to describe the manner in which the goals are achieved.
中文： 短语「step by step」是一个副词短语，意为「循序渐进地」或「一步一步地」。它在此修饰动词「meet」，用以描述达成目标的方式。
We need to solve this complex problem step by step.
我们需要一步一步地解决这个复杂的问题。
EN： The infinitive phrase 'To spark change' is used at the beginning of the sentence to express purpose (equivalent to 'In order to spark change'). It is followed by a comma when placed at the start of a sentence.
中文： 不定式短语“To spark change”置于句首，用来表示目的（相当于“In order to spark change”）。当不定式短语放在句首时，后面通常加上逗号与主句隔开。
To improve your English, you should practice speaking every day.
为了提高你的英语水平，你应该每天练习口语。
EN： The reflexive pronoun 'ourselves' is used here for emphasis (intensive use). It emphasizes that 'we' (the subject) must be the ones to take action, rather than relying on others.
中文： 反身代词“ourselves”在此处用作强调用法（Intensive Pronoun）。它用来强调“我们”（主语）自己必须是采取行动的人，而不是依赖他人。
We must solve this difficult problem ourselves.
我们必须自己解决这个困难的问题。
EN： The phrase 'take responsibility' is highly valued in civic engagement and community organizing in English-speaking cultures. It emphasizes personal accountability and proactive leadership rather than waiting for others to solve societal problems.
中文： 在英語系國家的公民參與和社區組織文化中，「take responsibility」（承擔責任）是一個非常受到重視的概念。它強調個人的問責制與主動領導力，而不是被動等待他人來解決社會問題。
EN： The adverbial clause of time introduced by 'when'. In this structure, 'when' connects a main clause ('A community grows stronger') with a subordinate clause ('everyone shares the load') to indicate that the two situations happen at the same time or that one is the condition for the other.
中文： 由 'when' 引导的时间状语从句。在此结构中，'when' 连接主句（「社区会变得更强大」）与从属从句（「每个人都分担重担」），用以表示两个情况同时发生，或其中一个是另一个的条件。
We feel safer when we work together.
当我们一起合作时，我们会感到更安全。
EN： The linking verb 'grow' followed by a comparative adjective. 'Grow' can function as a linking verb (copula) meaning 'to become' or 'to develop into a certain state', and is often paired with an adjective (like 'stronger') to show a gradual change.
中文： 系动词 'grow' 后接比较级形容词。'grow' 可作为系动词，意思是「变得」或「发展成某种状态」，通常与形容词（如 'stronger'）连用，以表示渐进的变化。
The trees grow taller every year.
这些树每年都变得更高。
EN： The phrase 'share the load' is a common English idiom that means to distribute work or responsibility so that it is not too heavy for any single person. It reflects a strong cultural value of community cooperation and collective responsibility in English-speaking societies.
中文： 片語 'share the load'（分擔重擔）是一個常見的英文習慣用語，意思是分配工作或責任，使任何單個人都不會負擔過重。這反映了英語系國家中對於社區合作和集體責任的強烈文化價值觀。
EN： The phrase 'in the end' is an idiomatic expression used as a transition to introduce a final result, conclusion, or ultimate truth after considering all facts.
中文： 短语「in the end」是一个惯用语，用作过渡词，在考虑所有事实后，用来引出最终结果、结论或终极真理（意为「归根结底」或「最后」）。
In the end, hard work always pays off.
归根结底，努力终究会有回报。
EN： The passive voice 'is built from' (be + past participle + from) is used to show the material or individual components that make up a larger abstract or physical structure.
中文： 被动语态「is built from」（be 动词 + 过去分词 + from）用于表示构成某个更大抽象概念或具体结构的材料或个体组成部分（意为「由……建构而成」）。
Trust is built from mutual respect and honesty.
信任是由相互尊重与诚实建立起来的。
EN： The use of 'how' as an interrogative adverb to ask about the method or manner of doing something. In this sentence, it is followed by the auxiliary verb 'do' to form a question in the simple present tense.
中文： 使用疑问副词「how」来询问做某事的方法或方式。在此句子中，它后面接助动词「do」以构成一般现在时的疑问句。
How do we solve this problem?
我们该如何解决这个问题？
EN： The use of a comma before a direct address (vocative case). When addressing someone directly by name at the end of a sentence, a comma must precede the name.
中文： 在直接称呼（呼格）前使用逗号。当在句子末尾直接称呼某人的名字时，名字前必须加上逗号。
Where are we going, Jack?
我们要去哪里，杰克？
EN： In English-speaking cultures, addressing someone directly by their first name (like 'Emma') at the end of a question is a common way to show friendliness, establish a personal connection, and gently prompt the other person for an answer.
中文： 在英語系國家中，在問句末尾直接稱呼對方的名字（如「艾瑪」）是一種很常見的表達方式，用來展現友善、建立個人連結，並溫和地引導對方做出回答。
EN： The transition word 'First' is used as an adverbial linker to sequence events or steps in a process, helping to organize thoughts logically.
中文： 过渡词「First」（首先）用作副词性连接词，用来排列事件或步骤的顺序，有助于逻辑性地组织想法。
First, we need to gather all the necessary data.
首先，我们需要收集所有必要的数据。
EN： The collocation 'raise awareness about/of' means to increase people's knowledge or understanding of a specific issue or subject.
中文： 固定搭配「raise awareness about/of」（提高对……的意识/关注）意指增加人们对特定议题或主题的了解或认识。
The campaign aims to raise awareness about mental health.
这项活动旨在提高人们对心理健康的关注。
EN： In community organizing and social activism, 'raising awareness' is widely recognized as the essential first step before any concrete action or policy change can occur. It emphasizes education and dialogue.
中文： 在社區組織和社會運動中，「提高意識」（raising awareness）被廣泛認為是採取任何具體行動或政策變革之前必不可少的第一步。它強調教育與對話的重要性。
EN： The phrase 'take action' is a common collocation meaning to do something to address a situation or solve a problem. 'Take' acts as the main verb, and 'action' is the noun object.
中文： 短语“take action”是一个常见的搭配，意思是采取行动以解决问题或应对某种情况。其中“take”作为主要动词，“action”为名词宾语。
The government must take action to reduce air pollution.
政府必须采取行动来减少空气污染。
EN： The preposition 'with' is used here to indicate accompaniment or the means/manner in which an action is performed. In this case, 'with a clear plan' describes how the action is taken.
中文： 介词“with”在此处用于表示伴随状态，或是进行某项行动的方式与手段。在这个句子中，“with a clear plan”描述了采取行动时所伴随的条件（带着明确的计划）。
She solved the difficult puzzle with great patience.
她非常有耐心地解开了这个难题。
EN： The adverb 'even' is used to emphasize something that is surprising or unexpected. In this sentence, it emphasizes that even 'small steps' (which might seem insignificant) can have a major impact.
中文： 副词「even」（甚至/即使）用于强调令人惊讶或出乎意料的事物。在本句中，它强调了「微小的步骤」（看似微不足道）也能产生重大的影响。
Even a child can understand this simple rule.
即使是小孩子也能理解这个简单的规则。
EN： The collocation 'make a difference' means to have an effect on a situation, usually a positive one. The adjective 'real' is placed before 'difference' to emphasize the genuineness or significance of the impact.
中文： 短语「make a difference」意思是对形势产生影响（通常是积极的影响）。形容词「real」（真正的）置于「difference」之前，以强调这种影响的真实性或显著性。
Your generous donation will make a big difference to our project.
您的慷慨捐助将对我们的项目产生重大影响。
EN： The word 'each' is a distributive determiner used to refer to every individual member of a group separately. It is always followed by a singular countable noun (e.g., 'volunteer') and requires a singular verb (e.g., 'plays').
中文： 单词「each」（每个）是一个分配限定词，用于单独指代群体中的每一个成员。它后面必须接单数可数名词（例如「volunteer」），且动词也必须使用单数形式（例如「plays」）。
Each student has a unique talent.
每位学生都有独特的才能。
EN： The idiom 'play a role (in something)' means to be involved in an activity or to have an effect on a situation. The adjective 'key' modifies 'role' to emphasize that the involvement is extremely important or essential.
中文： 短语「play a role (in something)」意思是参与某项活动或对某个局势产生影响。形容词「key」（关键的）修饰「role」（角色），用以强调该参与是非常重要的或不可或缺的。
Education plays a key role in personal growth.
教育在个人成长中扮演着关键角色。
EN： The infinitive 'to meet' is used here as an adverbial of purpose (infinitive of purpose), which explains 'why' the action of listening is performed. It can be translated as 'in order to' or 'so as to'.
中文： 不定式“to meet”在此处用作目的状语（目的不定式），用来解释进行“倾听（listen）”这个动作的“原因”或“目的”。可以理解为“为了要……”或“以便……”。
We study hard to pass the exam.
我们努力学习以通过考试。
EN： The possessive nouns ending in plural 's' (like 'people's') show ownership. Although 'people' is already plural, it does not end in 's', so we add apostrophe-s ('s) to form the possessive.
中文： 复数名词的所有格表示所有权。虽然“people（人们）”本身已经是复数名词，但因为它不是以字母's'结尾，所以我们必须加上撇号和s（'s）来构成所有格“people's（人们的）”。
We respect other people's opinions.
我们尊重他人的意见。
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used here to express possibility or potential. It indicates that 'small projects' have the capability or potential to achieve 'a wide impact'.
中文： 情态助动词「can」在此处用于表示可能性或潜力。它指出「小型项目」具有产生「广泛影响」的能力或潜能。
Even simple ideas can change the world.
即使是简单的想法也能改变世界。
EN： The collocation 'have an impact' is a common verb-noun collocation used to describe the effect something has on another thing. It is often modified by adjectives like 'wide', 'lasting', or 'deep'.
中文： 动词与名词搭配词「have an impact」是一个常见的短语，用来描述某事对另一事物的影响。它经常被「wide（广泛的）」、「lasting（深远的）」或「deep（深刻的）」等形容词修饰。
Her speech had a lasting impact on the students.
她的演讲对学生产生了深远的影响。
EN： The coordinating conjunction 'and' is used to connect two independent clauses or two parallel verb phrases. In this sentence, 'and' connects two actions performed by the same subject 'We': 'set a goal' and 'meet it on time'.
中文： 并列连词「and」用于连接两个独立从句或两个平行的动词短语。在本句中，「and」连接了由同一个主语「We」（我们）所执行的两个动作：「set a goal」（设定目标）与「meet it on time」（准时达成）。
She wrote the letter and mailed it this morning.
她写了那封信并在今天早上寄了出去。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'on time' functions as an adverbial modifier meaning 'at the planned or expected time; punctual'. It is distinct from 'in time', which means 'early enough; before it is too late'.
中文： 介词短语「on time」用作副词修饰语，意思是「准时；在预定的时间」。它与「in time」（及时；在为时已晚之前）有所不同。
Please ensure you arrive on time for the meeting.
请确保你准时出席会议。
EN： In professional and academic environments in English-speaking cultures, punctuality ('on time') and goal-setting are highly valued traits that reflect reliability, respect for others' time, and strong organizational skills.
中文： 在英語系國家的職場與學術環境中，準時（on time）與設定目標被視為非常重要的特質，這代表著可靠性、對他人時間的尊重以及強大的組織能力。
EN： The phrase 'take responsibility for' is a common collocated verb phrase meaning to accept the duty to deal with something or to take the blame for something. It is followed by a noun or a gerund (verb-ing).
中文： 短语「take responsibility for」是一个常见的固定搭配动词短语，意思是「为……承担责任」或「对……负责」。后面接名词或动名词（V-ing）。
She is ready to take responsibility for the new project.
她准备好为这个新项目承担责任了。
EN： The possessive determiner 'our' is used before a noun to show that something belongs to or is associated with the speaker and one or more other people.
中文： 所有格限定词“our”（我们的）用于名词前，表示某物属于说话者及其他一人或多人，或与其相关。
We must protect our environment.
我们必须保护我们的环境。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, 'community' refers not just to a geographical neighborhood, but to a shared sense of belonging and mutual support. Taking responsibility for one's community through volunteering or civic engagement is highly valued as a core civic duty.
中文： 在英語系國家中，「community」（社區/社群）不僅指地理上的鄰里，更指一種共同的歸屬感與互相扶持的關係。透過志願服務或參與公共事務來「為社區承擔責任」，被視為非常重要的核心公民義務。
EN： The structure 'Imperative Clause + and + Future Clause' is used to express a conditional relationship, meaning 'If you do X, then Y will happen.' The imperative verb (here, 'Start') acts as the condition, and 'and' introduces the inevitable result.
中文： 「祈使句 + and + 将来时从句」的结构用来表示条件关系，意思是「如果你做某事，那么某结果就会发生」。祈使句动词（此处为 'Start'）作为条件，而 'and' 则引导出必然发生的结果。
Work hard, and you will succeed.
努力工作，你就会成功。
EN： The word 'small' is used here as an adverbial modifier following the verb 'start'. While 'small' is typically an adjective, in the idiom 'start small', it functions as an adverb meaning 'beginning with a small scale or low level of commitment'.
中文： 「small」在此处用作动词「start」后面的副词性修饰语。虽然「small」通常是形容词，但在习惯用语「start small」中，它的功能类似副词，意思是「从微小的规模或较低的投入程度开始」。
It is often wise to start small when launching a new business.
创立新事业时，从微小的规模开始通常是明智的。
EN： The phrase 'Start small, and change will grow' reflects a common philosophical approach in modern social movements and personal development. It emphasizes that monumental changes often begin with tiny, manageable actions, encouraging individuals not to feel overwhelmed by the scale of global problems.
中文： 「從微小的地方開始，改變就會隨之增長」這句話反映了現代社會運動和個人成長中常見的哲學方法。它強調巨大的改變往往始於微小、可控的行動，鼓勵人們不要被全球性問題的規模所嚇倒。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中： 意识；察觉；关注
在本文中： 志愿者；义工
在本文中： 持久的；深远的
在本文中： 协议；共识；同意
在本文中： 引发；触发（变化或事件）
在本文中： 责任；职责
在本文中： 普通的；平凡的
在本文中： 影响；作用
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
To increase knowledge and understanding of a particular issue or cause.
提高意识；唤起关注
To do something to address a problem or achieve a specific purpose.
采取行动
To have a significant effect on a person or situation, usually a positive one.
产生影响；发挥作用；带来改变
To be a very important part of an activity, process, or group.
扮演关键角色；起决定性作用
To arrive at a decision or position that is accepted by all parties involved.
达成协议；取得共识