EN： Reduced relative clause using a past participle ('published in...'). The phrase 'published in the journal Science' is a reduced relative clause modifying the noun phrase 'A landmark study'. It is shortened from 'which was published in the journal Science'.
中文： 使用过去分词的分词后置修饰（省略关系代名词与被动态动词）。「published in the journal Science」是由「which was published in the journal Science」简化而来的分词短语，用来修饰前方的名词「A landmark study」。
The report written by the committee highlights several key issues.
由委员会撰写的报告指出了一些关键问题。
EN： Present perfect tense ('has established') combined with a nominal 'that'-clause object. The present perfect indicates a past action with strong relevance to the present, while 'that' introduces a noun clause functioning as the direct object of 'established'.
中文： 现在完成式（has established）搭配名词子句（that-clause）作为受词。现在完成式强调过去的研究发现对目前仍具重大影响与真实性，that 引出的子句则完整说明「证实」的内容。
Recent evidence has demonstrated that exercise improves cognitive function.
最近的证据已经证明运动能改善认知功能。
EN： Present continuous aspect ('is dramatically intensifying') in complex noun chains. 'Is intensifying' describes an ongoing, developing trend, modified by the adverb 'dramatically'. The object consists of a multi-word compound modifier ('El Niño weather patterns').
中文： 现在进行式（is dramatically intensifying）用于描述持续发展中的趋势。副词「dramatically」（剧烈地）修饰进行式动词，后接复合名词受词「El Niño weather patterns」。
Rising temperatures are severely affecting marine ecosystems.
上升的气温正严重影响海洋生态系统。
EN： 'Science' is one of the world's top academic journals, published by the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). Citing research from Science carries immense weight and authoritative status in global journalism and academic discourse.
中文： 《科学》（Science）是全球最顶尖的学术期刊之一，由美国科学促进会（AAAS）出版。新闻报道中若引述发表于《科学》期刊的研究，代表该研究成果具有极高的新闻权威性与学术公信力。
EN： A reduced relative clause (or participial phrase) can modify a noun phrase without a relative pronoun and auxiliary verb. Here, 'led by...' reduces 'which was led by...' to provide non-essential background information enclosed by commas.
中文： 过去分词短语可作后位修饰，省略「关代 + be 动词」（原为 which was led by...），作为非限定修饰，在句中通常以逗号隔开，补充说明主词背景。。
The report, published by the research team last week, highlights the urgency of climate action.
这份由研究团队于上周发表的报告，强调了气候行动的紧迫性。
EN： The transitive verb 'reveal' introduces a direct object noun phrase ('a troubling feedback loop...'). Nouns can be modified by both a present participle used as an adjective ('troubling') and a prepositional phrase specifying the components involved ('between A and B').
中文： 及物动词 'reveal' 后接名词短语作为受词（'a troubling feedback loop...'）。其中现在分词 'troubling' 作形容词修饰名词 'feedback loop'，再接介系词短语 'between A and B' 详细说明其双向关系。。
The investigation revealed a subtle connection between high stress levels and sleep disturbances.
调查揭示了高压力程度与睡眠障碍之间存在着微妙的关联。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'Rather than' is used to contrast two actions or concepts, meaning 'instead of'. When followed by a verb, it typically takes a gerund (-ing form), especially at the beginning of a sentence, to highlight an action being rejected in favor of the main clause.
中文： 介词短语「Rather than」用于对比两种动作或概念，意思是「而不是/与其……不如……」。当后面接动词时，通常使用动名词（-ing 形式），特别是在句首时，用以强调被排除的动作，从而突出主句的内容。
Rather than relying on outdated assumptions, the team conducted a thorough market analysis.
该团队进行了彻底的市场分析，而不是依赖过时的假设。
EN： Emphatic pronouns (myself, yourself, themselves, etc.) are used immediately after a noun or noun phrase to add intensity or emphasize that specific subject or object, distinguishing it from others.
中文： 强调代词（myself、yourself、themselves 等）紧接在名词或名词短语之后使用，用以加强语气或特别强调该特定主语或受词，将其与其他事物区分开来。
The instructions themselves were clear, but the complex software made the process confusing.
说明本身很清晰，但复杂的软件使整个过程变得令人困惑。
EN： A present participle ('-ing' clause) can function as a participle clause to express a result or consequence of the action in the main clause.
中文： 现在分词（-ing 子句）可用作分词构句，用来表示主句动作所产生的结果或后续影响。。
Heavy rain poured down for hours, flooding several major thoroughfares in the city.
暴雨连绵数小时，导致市区多条主要干道积水成灾。。
EN： The expression 'every + [cardinal number] + [plural noun]' is used to denote the frequency or interval at which an event occurs.
中文： 「every + [基数] + [复数名词]」的句型用来表示某件事发生的时间间隔或频率。。
The committee convenes every three to four months to evaluate policy outcomes.
委员会每三至四个月开会一次，以评估政策成效。。
EN： In this context, 'warm' is used as an intransitive verb meaning 'to become warm/warmer', accompanied by an adverb ('considerably') to indicate degree.
中文： 在此处，动词「warm」用作不及物动词，意为「变暖」，并搭配副词（considerably）来修饰变暖的程度。。
As ocean temperatures warm gradually, marine ecosystems face severe disruption.
随着海洋温度逐渐变暖，海洋生态系统面临严重的破坏。。
EN： The term 'El Niño' originates from Spanish, meaning 'The Boy' or 'The Christ Child'. South American fishermen originally coined the term in the 19th century to describe the warm ocean current that periodically appears off the coast of Peru and Ecuador around Christmas time.
中文： 「圣婴现象」（El Niño）一词源自西班牙语，意为「幼童」或「圣婴」。南美洲渔民最早于19世纪使用该词，用以形容每年圣诞节前后，秘鲁与厄瓜多尔沿岸定期出现的暖洋流现象。
EN： The passive voice construction 'is projected to peak' uses the present simple passive with an infinitive. This structure emphasizes the prediction or expectation rather than the agent performing the action. It's common in scientific and formal discourse to present findings objectively.
中文： 被动语态结构「is projected to peak」使用现在简单式被动语态加不定词。这种结构强调预测或期望，而非执行动作的主体。在科学和正式语境中，这种用法常见于客观呈现研究发现。
The new vaccine is projected to be available by next spring.
新疫苗预计将在明年春天上市。
EN： The phrase 'could prove the strongest' uses the modal verb 'could' with the infinitive 'prove' to express possibility or potential outcome. This construction conveys uncertainty while maintaining formal register. The verb 'prove' here means 'to turn out to be' rather than 'to demonstrate evidence.'
中文： 短语「could prove the strongest」使用情态动词「could」加不定词「prove」来表达可能性或潜在结果。这种结构在保持正式语气的同时传达不确定性。此处「prove」意为「结果是」而非「证明」。
This discovery could prove revolutionary for medical science.
这项发现可能会对医学科学产生革命性影响。
EN： The appositive phrase 'informally dubbed the "Godzilla" El Niño' provides additional information about 'the current event' without using a relative clause. This structure is characteristic of journalistic and academic writing, allowing for concise yet descriptive modification. The past participle 'dubbed' functions as part of the appositive construction.
中文： 同位语短语「informally dubbed the "Godzilla" El Niño」为「the current event」提供额外信息，无需使用关系从句。这种结构是新闻和学术写作的特征，允许简洁而描述性的修饰。过去分词「dubbed」是同位语结构的一部分。
The proposal, hastily drafted by the committee, faced immediate criticism.
该提案由委员会仓促起草，立即遭到批评。
EN： The informal nickname 'Godzilla' El Niño reflects how scientific phenomena are communicated to the general public. The term 'living memory' is a culturally significant phrase in English-speaking contexts, referring to events within the recollection of people currently alive. This phrasing emphasizes the unprecedented nature of the event and carries emotional weight regarding climate urgency.
中文： 非正式昵称“哥吉拉”圣婴现象反映了科学现象如何向大众传播。“有记忆以来”是英语文化中具有重要意义的短语，指的是现存人类记忆中的事件介这种措辞强调了事件的前所未有性，并对气候紧迫性传达到了情感重量介在英文学术语境中，类似的表达方式会使用“有史以来”或“记忆所及”来传达相同的含义和重要性介
EN： Inverted Conditional Clause (Were it not for...): A formal, literary structure equivalent to 'If it were not for...' or 'If it had not been for...'. It uses inversion (placing the auxiliary verb 'were' before the subject 'it') to express a hypothetical counterfactual condition in the present or general state without using the conjunction 'if'.
中文： 倒装条件句（Were it not for...）：这是一种正式且书面化的句型，等同于“If it were not for...”（若非/如果没有...）。透过将助动词“were”移至主词“it”之前来省略“if”，用以表示与当前或事实相反的假设情况介。
Were it not for her swift intervention, the company would have suffered severe losses.
若非她迅速介入，公司将会遭受严重损失介。
EN： Participial Adjective / Modifier Usage ('compounding'): The present participle 'compounding' acts as an adjective modifying 'influence', describing something that intensifies, accumulates, or adds to an existing situation over time.
中文： 分词形容词修饰语（compounding）：现在分词“compounding”在此作为形容词修饰“influence”，用来描述某事物随着时间的推移而加剧、累积或使现有状况恶化的特性（具“加乘的、复合的”之意）。
The country is facing compounding economic challenges due to inflation and trade restrictions.
由于通货膨胀和贸易限制，该国正面临着日益加剧的复合式经济挑战介。
EN： Second Conditional in Main Clause ('would occur far less frequently'): Combines a modal verb ('would') with the base form of the verb ('occur') and an adverbial degree modifier ('far less frequently') to describe a hypothetical, hypothetical-counterfactual result.
中文： 主要子句中的第二条件句结构（would occur far less frequently）：使用情态助动词“would”搭配动词原形“occur”，并结合程度副词修饰语“far less frequently”（频率低得多），用以描述假设条件下会产生的非事实结果介。
Without strict regulation, such hazardous accidents would occur far more frequently.
如果没有严格的法规，此类危险事故发生的频率将会高得多介。
EN： The reporting verb 'emphasize' takes a 'that'-clause functioning as a direct object (noun clause) to express the core assertion or findings being reported in formal academic or media contexts.
中文： 报道动词「emphasize」（强调）后面可接「that」引导的名词子句作为直接宾语，用于在正式学术或新闻报道中表达所强调的核心观点或研究发现。
The report emphasized that immediate climate action is required to prevent further loss of biodiversity.
该报告强调，必须立即采取气候行动，以防止生物多样性进一步流失。
EN： The past participle phrase 'previously underappreciated by the scientific community' acts as a reduced relative clause (shortened from 'which was previously underappreciated...'), modifying the noun phrase 'a reciprocal relationship'.
中文： 过去分词短语「previously underappreciated by the scientific community」作为简化关系从句（由「which was previously underappreciated...」省略而来），用来修饰前方的名词短语「a reciprocal relationship」（一种互惠关系）。
The report highlights a mechanism poorly understood by previous researchers.
该报告突显了一种先前研究人员了解甚少的机制。
EN： When a negative adverbial phrase like 'Not only' is placed at the beginning of a clause for emphasis, subject-auxiliary inversion is required. The auxiliary verb (does) precedes the subject (El Niño).
中文： 当否定副词短语如「Not only（不仅）」置于句首以加强语气时，主语与助动词必须倒装。助动词（does）需置于主语（El Niño）之前。
Not only did the storm damage the crops, but it also destroyed the infrastructure.
这场暴风雨不仅损害了农作物，还摧毁了基础设施。
EN： The correlative conjunction 'Not only... but (also)...' connects two parallel clauses. 'In turn' is an adverbial insertion indicating a reciprocal action or result.
中文： 对应连接词「Not only... but (also)...（不仅……而且……）」用于连接两个对称的子句。「In turn（反过来/转而）」为插入的副词短语，用以强调互为因果或相应的连锁反应。
Not only do high temperatures increase electricity demand, but peak demand in turn stresses the power grid.
高温不仅增加了用电需求，而用电尖峰反过来也给电网带来了压力。
EN： The term 'supercharge' is derived from automotive engineering (a supercharger forces more air into an engine to increase power). In climate communications, verbs from mechanical or energetic domains (e.g., 'supercharge', 'fuel', 'drive') are frequently used to dramatically illustrate the intense feedback mechanisms of climate change.
中文： 动词「supercharge」原意为汽车工程学中的「增压」（指强制将更多空气送入引擎以提高功率）。在现代气候变迁论述中，科学家与媒体常借用这种机械工程用语来生动形象地比喻气候系统间猛烈的相互加剧效应。
EN： Parallel Predicates: When a single subject performs two or more actions, verbs are joined by coordinating conjunctions (like 'and') and must maintain tense/aspect consistency. Here, 'represents' and 'signals' are parallel simple present verbs.
中文： 平行Predicate结构：当单一Subject执行两个或多个动作时，Verb透过协同Conjunction（如 and）连接，且必须保持Tense与Aspect的一致性。在此处，'represents' 与 'signals' 为平行的Simple Present Tense Verb。
The new policy encourages sustainable practices and reduces environmental harm.
这项新政策鼓励永续做法，并减少对环境的危害。
EN： Nouns used as Pre-modifiers (Noun Adjuncts): In academic and formal writing, nouns (e.g., 'pre-industrial climate') are frequently stacked as pre-modifiers before another noun ('behaviour') to create concise, dense academic prose.
中文： Noun作为前置修饰语（Noun Adjunct）：在学术与正式书面语中，Noun（如 'pre-industrial climate'）常堆叠在另一个Noun（'behaviour'）之前作为Modifier，以创造精炼且资讯密度高的学术文体。
Researchers analyzed urban traffic patterns during peak hours.
研究人员分析了尖峰时段的都市交通模式。
EN： The Structure 'represent/signal + Object': These verbs are heavily used in formal and scientific discourse to assign significance or denote transition, functioning as abstract relational verbs rather than simple physical action verbs.
中文： 'represent/signal + Object' 的句型：这类Verb大量用于正式与科学语篇中，用来赋予意义或标示转折，其功能为抽象的关系Verb，而非单纯的实体动作Verb。
The discovery represents a major breakthrough and signals a new direction in medical research.
该发现代表了一项重大突破，并预示著医学研究的新方向。
EN： The subject noun 'implications' is modified by the pre-nominal adjective 'humanitarian', which specifies the domain or nature of the effects. In formal and academic registers, domain-specific adjectives often precede abstract plural nouns to establish context efficiently.
中文： 主语名词「implications」由前置形容词「humanitarian」修饰，用以界定该影响的领域或性质。在正式与学术语体中，特定领域的形容词常置于抽象复数名词之前，以精确建立语境。
The financial implications of the new tax law are far-reaching.
新税法的财务影响相当深远。
EN： The sentence uses a Subject + Copula Verb ('are') + Subject Complement ('staggering') structure (SVC). Here, 'staggering' is a present participle used as a predicate adjective to describe an overwhelming or astonishing state that causes disbelief.
中文： 本句采用「主词 + 连缀动词 (are) + 主词补语 (staggering)」的结构 (SVC)。在此，「staggering」为现在分词转作表语形容词，用以形容令人难以置信、极震撼或惊人的状态。
The sheer scale of the environmental damage is staggering.
环境破坏的巨大规模令人震惊。
EN： In journalism and policy reports, phrases like 'humanitarian implications' are used to frame abstract scientific or environmental data in terms of direct human suffering—such as displacement, famine, and loss of life. Describing them as 'staggering' signals to readers and policymakers that the crisis requires immediate, high-level international intervention.
中文： 新闻报道与政策报告中常使用「humanitarian implications」（人道主义影响）一词，将抽象的科学或环境数据转化为对人类具体苦难（如流离失所、饥荒、生命损失）的关照。形容其「staggering」（令人震惊）旨在向读者与政策制定者发出信号，强调该危机需要国际社会立即采取高规格的干预。
EN： The structure 'push + [object] + into + [noun phrase]' is a causative construction used to indicate forcing someone or something into a negative state, condition, or situation.
中文： 「push + [宾语] + into + [名词短语]」为使役结构，用于表示迫使某人或某事陷入某种负面的状态、处境或情况中。
Economic instability could push thousands of families into extreme poverty.
经济不稳定可能会将数千个家庭推入极度贫困的境地中。
EN： The word 'estimated' functions as a participle modifier preceding a number phrase ('fifty million people') to denote an approximation, equivalent to 'approximately' or 'roughly'.
中文： 「estimated」在此处作为分词修饰语，置于数量词（fifty million people）之前，表示概算或估计，相当于「approximately」或「roughly」。
An estimated two hundred species have gone extinct in this region over the past decade.
在过去十年间，该地区估计已有两百个物种灭绝中。
EN： The modal verb 'could' is used here to express future possibility based on current analysis, indicating a potential consequence rather than a absolute certainty.
中文： 情态动词「could」在此处用于根据当前的分析表达未来的可能性，强调潜在的结果而非绝对的确定性中。
Unchecked carbon emissions could trigger irreversible environmental changes within our lifetime.
未受控制的碳排放可能会在我们有生之年引发不可逆转的环境变化中。
EN： The term 'Godzilla El Niño' was informally coined by NASA oceanographer Bill Patzert during the powerful 2015–2016 El Niño event. Meteorologists use pop-culture metaphors like 'Godzilla' to intuitively communicate the unprecedented strength, massive scale, and potential destructive impact of a severe climate phenomenon to the general public.
中文： 「哥吉拉圣婴现象」（Godzilla El Niño）一词最早由美国国家航空暨太空总署（NASA）海洋学家比尔·帕策特（Bill Patzert）在 2015–2016 年强烈圣婴现象期间非正式提出。气象学家常藉由「哥吉拉」这类流行文化中的巨兽比喻，向大众直观地传达该气候现象史无前例的强度、巨大规模以及潜在的破坏性影响个。
EN： The participle phrase 'already grappling with food insecurity' functions as a reduced relative clause (which are already grappling with food insecurity) modifying the subject noun 'Regions'. Present participle (-ing) clauses are used to describe active, ongoing states or actions.
中文： 分词片语「already grappling with food insecurity」作为简化关系子句（原为 which are already grappling...），用以修饰主词名词「Regions」。现在分词（-ing）子句常用于描述主动且正在进行的状态或动作个。
Communities already struggling with high inflation face additional financial pressure.
已经在与高通膨苦苦挣扎的社区面临着额外的财务压力。。
EN： The idiom 'stand to [do something]' means to be in a position where you are likely to experience or achieve something. 'Bear the brunt of [something]' means to receive the main force or worst part of an unpleasant experience.
中文： 惯用语「stand to [do something]」意为「很有可能／处于预期会⋯的状态」；而「bear the brunt of [something]」则是指「首当其冲／承受最严重的冲击」。两者结合呈现出对极端气候后果的强烈预期个。
Small businesses stand to bear the brunt of the new regulatory restrictions.
小型企业很可能会首当其冲地承受新法规限制的冲击个。
EN： Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia are often highlighted in global climate policy discussions because they possess high vulnerability to climate shocks due to agricultural dependence, infrastructure gaps, and existing socio-economic pressures. The term 'food insecurity' is widely used by international bodies like the UN to describe systemic risk rather than localized, brief shortages.
中文： 撒哈拉以南非洲与东南亚常在全球气候政策讨论中被特别提及，因为这些地区高度依赖农业、基础设施尚待完善且面临既有的社会经济压力，对气候冲击的脆弱性极高。国际组织（如联合国）常使用“food insecurity”（粮食不安全）一词，用以指涉系统性的长期风险，而非短暂或局部的食物短缺。
EN： In formal, academic, or journalistic English, conditional clauses using 'If + subject + should...' can invert the subject and auxiliary verb 'should' while omitting 'if'. This inverted structure creates a more literary or formal tone when describing hypothetical or conditional scenarios.
中文： 在正式、学术或新闻英语中，含有“If + 主语 + should...”的条件句可以省略“if”，并将主语与助动词“should”倒装。这种倒装结构能在描述假设或条件情境时营造出更正式、典雅的语气。
Should you require further assistance during the setup process, please contact our technical support team immediately.
若您在设定过程中需要进一步协助，请立即联系我们的技术支持团队。
EN： The transitive verb 'dwarf' literally means to make something look small by comparison. Figuratively, it means to cause something to seem insignificant, small, or less important in power, size, or severity compared to another.
中文： 及物动词“dwarf”字面意思是“使…相形见绌／显得矮小”。在比喻用法中，指在规模、力量或严重程度上远超过另一事物，使其显得微不足道或不重要。
The economic impact of the recent pandemic dwarfs that of the previous financial crisis.
近期全球流行病的经济影响，使先前的金融危机相形见绌。
EN： The construction 'in both X and Y' is used to precisely specify two aspects or dimensions in which a main clause's statement applies. The parallel noun structures after 'in both' ensure grammatical symmetry and formal precision.
中文： 结构「in both X and Y」用于精确说明主句所指涉的两个层面或维度。「in both」之后搭配平行对称的名词结构，能确保语法一致性与正式表达的精准度。
The new policy proved beneficial in both cost efficiency and employee satisfaction.
这项新政策被证明在成本效益与员工满意度两方面皆有裨益。
EN： The correlative conjunction 'neither... nor...' is used to connect two negative concepts or possibilities, meaning 'not one and not the other'. It requires parallel grammatical structures following both 'neither' and 'nor'.
中文： 相关连接词「neither... nor...」用于连接两个否定的概念或可能性，意为「既不……也不……」。在使用时，「neither」与「nor」后面所接的文法结构必须保持平行对称（例如皆为形容词、名词或名词组）。
The results of the experiment were neither conclusive nor encouraging.
实验结果既不明确，也不令人鼓舞。
EN： The preposition 'toward' (or 'towards') is used after nouns like 'trend', 'attitude', or 'shift' to indicate the direction of movement, change, or development.
中文： 介系词「toward」（或「towards」）常用于「trend」（趋势）、「attitude」（态度）或「shift」（转变）等名词之后，用以指明发展、变化或移动的方向。
There is a growing trend toward renewable energy adoption among major corporations.
大型企业采用再生能源的趋势正日益显著角。
EN： A noun clause introduced by 'that' functions as the direct object of reporting verbs such as 'note', 'argue', or 'claim'. The conjunction 'that' can sometimes be omitted in informal speech, but is usually retained in formal or academic writing.
中文： 由「that」引导的名词子句常作为转述动词（如「note」指出、「argue」主张、「claim」声称）的直接受词。虽然在口语中「that」常被省略，但在正式或学术写作中通常会予以保留角。
The researcher noted that the data required further statistical validation.
研究人员指出该数据需要进一步的统计验证角。
EN： The phrase 'be consistent with' is used to express that a finding, statement, or evidence agrees with or matches a broader pattern, theory, or expectation.
中文： 片语「be consistent with」用于表示某项研究发现、说法或证据与更广泛的模式、理论或预期相符或吻合。
The lab results are consistent with the diagnosis made by the chief physician.
实验室检验结果与主治医师所作出的诊断一致。
EN： Participial clauses like 'adding that...' function as adverbial modifiers to show simultaneous actions or additional detail accompanying the main reporting verb ('argued').
中文： 分词子句（如「adding that...」）充当副词性修饰语，用来表示与主句报道动词（「argued」）同时发生的动作或补充说明细节。。
She resigned from her position, stating that she wanted to spend more time with her family.
她辞去了职务，并声明她希望能花更多时间陪伴家人。。
EN： The clause 'what it did prior to industrialisation' uses the nominal relative pronoun 'what' to mean 'the way/thing that', and the pro-form verb 'did' to avoid repeating 'resembled' or 'behaved'.
中文： 名词性关系代词「what」在此表示「……的样子／事物」，而代动词「did」则用来避免重复前文的动词（如 resembled 或 behaved）。
The economy no longer reacts what it did in the last century.
经济的反应方式已不再像上个世纪那样。
EN： The absolute construction 'With + noun/pronoun + participle/adjective' is used to provide background information, reasons, or concurrent circumstances for the main clause.
中文： 「With + 名词/代名词 + 分词/形容词」构成独立分词结构（Absolute Construction），常用于为主要子句提供背景信息、原因或伴随发生的状况。
With temperatures rising continuously, many species face extinction.
随着气温持续上升，许多物种面临灭绝。
EN： The past participle phrase 'posed by climate change' functions as a reduced relative clause (which are posed by...) modifying the preceding noun 'risks'.
中文： 过去分词短语「posed by climate change」充当简化关系子句（即 which are posed by...），用来后位修饰前面的名词「risks」（风险）。
The challenges posed by automation require innovative solutions.
自动化所带来的挑战需要创新性的解决方案。
EN： The infinitive phrase 'to mitigate...' expresses purpose ('in order to mitigate'), explaining why the action of 'curbing fossil fuel emissions' or 'underscores the urgency' is necessary.
中文： 不定词短语「to mitigate...」在此表示目的（相当于 in order to），说明为何需要「遏制化石燃料排放」或「强调紧迫性」。
The company adopted new policies to reduce its carbon footprint.
该公司采取了新政策以减少其碳足迹。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中： 加劇；變強烈
在本文中： 週期性的；循環的
在本文中： 放大；增強
在本文中： 級聯的；連鎖反應的
在本文中： 相互的；互惠的
在本文中： 雙向的
在本文中： 波動性；不穩定
在本文中： 令人震驚的；驚人的
在本文中： 飄忽不定的；不規律的
在本文中： 可辨識的；明顯的
在本文中： 減輕；緩和
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
A structure, system, or process in which the output or response affects the input or original cause.
回馈回路；正/负回授机制
To receive the worst, hardest, or main part of something negative, such as an attack, impact, or disaster.
首当其冲；承受最大的冲击（或压力）
The discharge of gases, especially carbon dioxide, resulting from the burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas.
化石燃料排放
Within the period of time that living people can remember.
现存人们记忆中最…的；历史上有记载以来