EN: In English, nouns can be followed by a letter or number to label specific items in a series.
한국어: 영어에서는 특정 항목을 지정하여 라벨을 붙일 때 명사 뒤에 알파벳 문자나 숫자를 붙일 수 있습니다.
Please open your book to Page B.
책 B쪽을 펼쳐 주세요.
EN: In educational materials, 'Conversation A' and 'Conversation B' are standard ways to organize different dialogue practices.
EN: In Spanish, greetings often change based on the time of day. 'Hola' is a general greeting used anytime, while 'Buenas tardes' is specifically for the afternoon.
한국어: 스페인어에서는 때에 따라 인삿말이 달라지는 경우가 많습니다. 「Hola」는 언제든 사용할 수 있는 일반적인 인삿말이며, 「Buenas tardes」는 오후에 사용하는 인삿말입니다.
Buenas noches.
좋은 저녁입니다.
EN: In many Spanish-speaking cultures, it is common and polite to greet everyone, including strangers or service workers, with a friendly 'Hola' or time-specific greeting.
EN: Use 'What are you + verb-ing' to ask about an action happening right now.
한국어: 상대방이 지금 현재 무엇을 하고 있는지 물어볼 때는 「What are you + v-ing」를 사용합니다.
What are you eating?
지금 무엇을 드시고 계신가요?
EN: In English, it is common to add the person's name at the end of a question to make it sound more friendly and direct.
EN: Use 'try to + verb' to talk about making an effort to do something.
한국어: 무언가를 하기 위해 노력하거나 시도함을 나타낼 때는 「try to + 동사원형」을 사용합니다.
I'm trying to learn how to cook.
저는 요리하는 법을 배우려고 노력하는 중입니다.
EN: In the US, Spanish is the second most spoken language. Many service workers, like taxi drivers (passengers mentioned in context), learn basic Spanish to better serve their customers.
EN: Use 'was/were + verb-ing' to talk about an action that was happening at a specific time in the past.
한국어: 과거의 특정 시점에 진행 중이었던 동작을 나타낼 때는 「was/were + v-ing」를 사용합니다.
I was practicing the piano at ten o'clock last night.
저는 어제 밤 10시에 피아노를 연습하고 있었습니다.
EN: In English-speaking environments, practicing common greetings like 'Good afternoon' is a polite way to show effort when learning a new language, even if you only know a few phrases.
EN: Use 'Why are you + verb-ing' to ask about someone's current reasons or motivations for doing something.
한국어: 상대방이 현재 어떤 행동을 하는 이유나 동기를 물어볼 때는 「Why are you + 현재분사(v-ing)」를 사용합니다.
Why are you wearing a coat?
왜 외투를 입고 계신가요?
EN: In the United States, Spanish is the second most spoken language. It is very common for service workers (like taxi drivers or 'passengers' mentioned in the context) to learn basic Spanish to better communicate with their customers.
EN: Use 'Why not?' as a short way to say you agree with a suggestion or to explain that there is no good reason to avoid doing something.
한국어: 제안에 동의하거나 어떤 행동을 시도하지 않을 이유가 없음을 설명할 때 간편하게 「Why not?」(안 될 것 없죠?)을 사용합니다.
It's a beautiful day to go for a walk, so why not?
오늘 날씨가 산책하기에 정말 좋은데, 안 할 이유가 없겠죠?
EN: In English-speaking countries like the US, 'Why not?' is a very common and positive way to show openness to new experiences or suggestions, reflecting a 'can-do' attitude.
EN: Use 'How many' followed by a plural noun to ask about the quantity or number of things you can count.
한국어: 셀 수 있는 명사의 수량이나 개수를 물어볼 때는 「How many」 뒤에 복수명사를 붙여 사용합니다.
How many books do you have?
책을 몇 권 가지고 계신가요?
EN: In English conversations, starting a question with 'So' is a common way to transition to a new topic or follow up on what someone just said.
EN: Use 'not very many' to talk about a small number of things that you can count (like phrases, books, or people). It is a short way to say 'I don't know many'.
한국어: 문구, 책, 사람처럼 셀 수 있는 명사의 수가 적음을 나타낼 때는 「not very many」를 사용합니다. 이는 「I don't know many」의 줄임 표현입니다.
How many books do you have? Not very many.
책이 몇 권 있으신가요? 그리 많지 않습니다.
EN: In English conversation, short fragments like this are very common. It sounds more natural than repeating the full sentence 'I do not know very many Spanish phrases.'
EN: Use 'That's all right' to comfort someone or show that a situation is okay, especially when they feel they are not doing enough.
한국어: 상대방을 안심시키거나 상황이 괜찮음을 나타낼 때, 특히 상대방이 잘하지 못했다고 느낄 때 「That's all right」를 사용합니다.
I forgot to bring the book. That's all right.
책을 가져오는 것을 잊어버렸어요. 괜찮습니다.
EN: In English-speaking cultures, this phrase is a common way to respond to an apology or to encourage someone who is struggling with a new skill, like learning a language.
EN: Use 'have fun' followed by a verb ending in '-ing' to describe enjoying a specific activity.
한국어: 특정 활동을 즐겁게 하는 것을 나타낼 때는 「have fun」 뒤에 동사의 「-ing」 형태를 붙여 사용합니다.
We had fun playing soccer yesterday.
우리는 어제 축구를 하면서 즐거운 시간을 보냈습니다.
EN: In Western culture, 'Take your time' is a common way to reduce pressure on someone, showing that the process is more important than speed.
EN: Use 'Don't' at the beginning of a sentence to give advice or tell someone not to do something.
한국어: 조언을 하거나 상대방에게 어떤 행동을 하지 말라고 할 때는 문장 맨 앞에 「Don't」를 사용합니다.
Don't worry about the test.
시험에 대해 걱정하지 마세요.
EN: In English-speaking cultures, it is common to encourage learners by telling them to relax and not worry about making mistakes.
EN: Nouns can be used as labels to identify specific parts of a text or sequence, often followed by a letter or number.
한국어: 명사는 텍스트나 순서의 특정 부분을 식별하는 라벨로 사용될 수 있으며, 보통 뒤에 문자나 숫자가 옵니다.
Exercise A
연습문제 A
EN: In English learning materials, 'Conversation A/B' is a standard way to organize different dialogue scenarios for practice.
EN: Use 'make + [activity] + a habit' to describe turning an action into a regular routine.
한국어: 어떤 행동을 규칙적인 습관으로 만드는 것을 설명할 때는 「make + [활동] + a habit」을 사용합니다.
I am trying to make drinking water a habit.
저는 물을 마시는 습관을 들이려고 노력 중입니다.
EN: In English-speaking cultures, self-improvement and 'habit-stacking' are popular topics. Using 'trying to' shows a humble approach to learning a new skill.
EN: Use 'how are you + verb-ing' to ask about the current method or process someone is using to achieve a goal.
한국어: 누군가가 목표를 달성하기 위해 현재 어떤 방식이나 과정을 사용하고 있는지 물어볼 때는 「how are you + 현재분사(v-ing)」를 사용합니다.
How are you saving money for the trip?
이번 여행 경비는 어떻게 모으고 계신가요?
EN: In English conversations, starting a question with 'And' is a common way to show you are listening and want to hear more details about what the speaker just said.
EN: Use the preposition 'in' followed by a language to describe the medium of communication.
한국어: 의사소통에 사용되는 언어 수단을 나타낼 때는 전치사 「in」 뒤에 언어 이름을 붙여 사용합니다.
She wrote the letter in French.
그녀는 프랑스어로 이 편지를 썼습니다.
EN: In multicultural cities or specific service industries (like taxi driving), it is common and polite to greet customers in multiple languages to make them feel welcome.
EN: Use 'Do' at the beginning of a sentence to ask a question about a regular action or general fact with 'I', 'you', 'we', or 'they'.
한국어: I, you, we, they의 일상적인 습관이나 사실에 대해 질문할 때는 문장 앞에 「Do」를 사용합니다.
Do you like coffee?
커피를 좋아하시나요?
EN: In English, 'Cool' is a very common, informal way to show you are listening and find something interesting or good.
EN: Use 'a few' to talk about a small number of people or things. It is always followed by a plural noun.
한국어: 사람이나 사물의 적은 수를 나타낼 때는 「a few」를 사용합니다. 뒤에는 항상 복수명사가 옵니다.
A few of my friends like to play soccer.
내 친구들 중 몇 명은 축구하는 것을 좋아합니다.
EN: In English-speaking countries with large immigrant populations, like the US, it is common and appreciated when service workers (like taxi drivers) try to learn basic phrases of their passengers' native languages.
EN: Use 'That is' (That's) followed by an adjective to react to something someone just said.
한국어: 상대방이 방금 한 말에 대해 반응하거나 평가할 때는 「That is」(줄임말 That's) 뒤에 형용사를 붙여 사용합니다.
That's wonderful.
그것참 멋지네요.
EN: In English-speaking cultures, it is common to give positive feedback like 'That's great' to show you are listening and supportive during a conversation.
EN: Use 'It is + adjective + to + verb' to describe how an action feels. 'It' is a placeholder for the action that comes later.
한국어: 어떤 행동을 할 때 느끼는 감정이나 기분을 기술할 때는 「It is + 형용사 + to + 동사원형」 구문을 사용합니다. 여기서 It은 가주어이며, 뒤에 나오는 동작을 가리킵니다.
It is fun to learn new things.
새로운 것을 배우는 것은 재미있습니다.
EN: In many English-speaking cultures, practicing a language with strangers (like taxi drivers or shopkeepers) is seen as a brave and positive way to learn, and most people are very patient and encouraging.
EN: The verb 'understand' is used in the simple present tense to show that you agree with or follow what someone is saying right now.
한국어: 동사 「understand」는 단순현재시제로 사용하여 상대방이 한 말에 동의하거나 이해했음을 나타냅니다.
I understand the rules.
저는 이 규칙들을 이해합니다.
EN: In English, saying 'I understand' is a polite way to show active listening, especially when someone is sharing their feelings or a difficult situation.
EN: Use 'The more... the better...' to show that when one thing increases, another thing also changes in a positive way.
한국어: 한 가지가 증가함에 따라 다른 한 가지도 더 좋아짐을 나타낼 때는 「The more... the better...」(더...할수록 더...하다) 표현을 사용합니다.
The more you practice, the better you play.
연습을 더 많이 할수록 더 잘하게 됩니다.
EN: In English-speaking cultures, encouraging language learners by focusing on practice rather than perfection is very common. The phrase 'the more... the better' is a standard way to offer positive reinforcement.
IPA 발음, 정의, 예문, 인터랙티브 퀴즈가 포함된 핵심 단어입니다.
문맥 속: 정보를 상기하거나 기억함
문맥 속: 교통수단에 탑승한 승객
문맥 속: 정신적인 압박감이나 부담
문맥 속: 습관, 버릇
문맥 속: 인사하다, 맞이하다
문맥 속: 대답하다, 응답하다
문맥 속: 무서운, 두려운
문맥 속: 낯선 사람, 모르는 사람
유형 태그, 이중 언어 정의, 사용 설명, 예문이 포함된 구문입니다.
to not hurry; to use as much time as is needed
천천히 하세요, 서두르지 마세요
to begin to do something regularly
~하는 습관을 들이다
used to say that a greater amount or degree of something will result in a better outcome
~할수록 더 좋다