Florence Nightingale: A Life of Caring - Day 2フローレンス・ナイチンゲール：ケアに捧げた生涯 - 2日目
完全音声プレビュー
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EN： The verb 'was' is the past tense of 'is'. It is used to describe a person's character or state in the past.
日本語： 動詞 'was' は 'is' の過去形です。これは、過去の人の性格や状態を表すために使います。
He was a kind teacher.
彼は以前、親切な先生でした。
EN： Florence Nightingale is known as the founder of modern nursing. Her birthday, May 12, is celebrated as International Nurses Day.
EN： The verb 'help' can be followed by another verb in its base form (without 'to') or with 'to'. Both 'helped change' and 'helped to change' are correct.
日本語： 動詞「help」の後には、動詞の原形を直接続けることも、「to + 動詞の原形」を続けることもできます。「helped change」と「helped to change」はどちらも正しい使い方です。
He helped clean the kitchen.
彼は台所の掃除を手伝いました。
EN： In the 19th century, hospitals were often dangerous and unsanitary. Florence Nightingale's focus on cleanliness and organization revolutionized modern medicine.
EN： Use 'be born' in the past tense (was/were born) to talk about someone's birth. Use 'in' before a city, country, or year.
日本語： 過去形の「be born」（was/were born）を使って、誰かの誕生について述べます。都市、国、または年の前には前置詞「in」を使います。
He was born in Germany in 1995.
彼は1995年にドイツで生まれました。
EN： In the 19th century, it was common for wealthy English families to travel or live in Italy. Although Florence Nightingale was born in Italy, she is considered a British national hero because of her family background and her work in the UK.
EN： The phrase 'want to + verb' is used to express a desire or intention to do an action.
日本語： 「want to + 動詞」の文型は、何かをしたいという願望や意図を表すために使います。
I want to learn English.
私は英語を学びたいです。
EN： In the 19th century, it was very unusual for women from wealthy families like Florence Nightingale's to work as nurses, as the job was considered low-status and dirty.
EN： Use 'didn't' + 'base verb' to talk about actions that did not happen in the past.
日本語： 「didn't」に「動詞の原形」を加えて、過去に起こらなかった動作や状態を表します。
He didn't want to go to the party.
彼はその時、パーティーに行きたくありませんでした。
EN： In the 19th century, nursing was considered a low-status job for poor people. Wealthy families like Florence Nightingale's expected their daughters to marry well, not to work in dirty hospitals.
EN： Use 'didn't' (did not) followed by the base form of a verb to talk about things that were not true or did not happen in the past.
日本語： 「didn't」（did not）の後に動詞の原形を続けて、過去に事実ではなかったことや、過去に起こらなかったことを表します。
He didn't like the food.
彼はその食べ物が好きではありませんでした。
EN： In the 19th century, nursing was considered a low-status job for poor women. Wealthy families expected their daughters to marry and manage a home, not to work in dirty hospitals.
EN： The past simple tense is used to describe actions that happened and finished in the past. For regular verbs like 'follow', we add '-ed' to the end.
日本語： 過去形は、過去に起こって完了した動作を表すために使います。'follow' のような規則動詞では、語尾に '-ed' を付けます。
He followed the map to find the house.
彼は地図に従って、その家を見つけました。
EN： In the 19th century, women from wealthy families were expected to marry and manage a household, not to work. Florence Nightingale's decision to become a nurse was a significant act of rebellion against social class expectations.
EN： Use 'to + verb' (infinitive) to show the purpose or goal of an action.
日本語： 「to + 動詞」（不定詞）を使って、ある動作の目的や目標を示します。
He went to the store to buy milk.
彼は牛乳を買うために店へ行きました。
EN： In the 19th century, Germany was home to the Kaiserswerth Deaconess Institute, one of the few places where women could receive formal training in nursing, which was why Florence Nightingale went there to study.
EN： Use 'When' to join two events that happened at the same time in the past.
日本語： 「When」を使って、過去に同時に起こった2つの出来事を結び付けます。
When the bell rang, the students left the room.
ベルが鳴ったとき、生徒たちは教室を出ました。
EN： The Crimean War (1853–1856) was a major conflict where nursing conditions were famously poor until Florence Nightingale arrived to improve them.
EN： Use 'were' to describe a state or condition of plural subjects in the past.
日本語： 'were' を使って、複数の主語の過去の状態や状況を表します。
The rooms were very cold.
それらの部屋は以前、とても寒かったです。
EN： In the mid-19th century, hospitals during wartime often lacked basic sanitation, which is why Nightingale's focus on cleanliness was revolutionary.
EN： Use 'to + verb' (infinitive) to show the purpose or reason why someone does something.
日本語： 「to + 動詞」（不定詞）を使って、誰かが何かをする目的や理由を示します。
I went to the store to buy milk.
私は牛乳を買うために店に行きました。
EN： In the mid-19th century, it was very unusual for a woman of Florence Nightingale's high social standing to work in hospitals, which were then considered dirty and dangerous places. Her decision to lead a team of nurses to Crimea was a revolutionary step for women's roles in society.
EN： When listing three or more actions, we use commas between the items and the word 'and' before the last item.
日本語： 3つ以上の動作を列挙するときは、項目の間にカンマを使い、最後の項目の前に 'and' を置きます。
He ate breakfast, brushed his teeth, and went to school.
彼は朝食を食べ、歯を磨き、それから学校へ行きました。
EN： In the 1850s, hospital hygiene was very poor. Florence Nightingale's focus on basic cleanliness and fresh air was revolutionary and saved many lives, forming the basis of modern nursing.
EN： The phrase 'the number of' is followed by a plural noun (men) but takes a singular verb (went) because the subject is the 'number' itself.
日本語： 「the number of」の後には複数名詞（men）が続きますが、主語は「数」そのものなので、動詞は単数主語に合わせます（ここでは過去形の went）。
The number of students in the class is twenty.
クラスの生徒の数は20人でした。
EN： This sentence highlights the immediate impact of Florence Nightingale's sanitary reforms. Her focus on hygiene significantly reduced mortality rates, which was a revolutionary concept in 19th-century medicine.
EN： The '-ing' form (checking) is used here to show an action happening at the same time as the main verb (worked).
日本語： ここでは '-ing' 形（checking）を使って、主動詞（worked）と同時に起こっている動作を表し、主語がその時何をしていたかを補足説明しています。
He sat on the sofa, reading a book.
彼はソファに座って、本を読んでいました。
EN： The image of Florence Nightingale with a lamp became a symbol of nursing. It represents her dedication to patients even during the dark hours of the night.
EN： The verb 'call' can be used with two objects: the person being called and the name or title given to them (Call + Someone + Name).
日本語： 動詞「call」は2つの目的語を取ることができます：呼ばれる人と、その人に与える名前や称号です（呼ぶ + 誰か + 名前）。
They call him the King of Pop.
彼らは彼をポップの王と呼んでいます。
EN： The nickname 'Lady with the Lamp' comes from how Florence Nightingale would check on wounded soldiers at night. It became a symbol of her dedication and the beginning of modern nursing.
EN： Use 'to + verb' (infinitive) to show the purpose or reason why someone does something.
日本語： 「to + 動詞」（不定詞）を使って、誰かが何かをする目的や理由を示します。
He went to the library to study.
彼は勉強するために図書館へ行きました。
EN： Florence Nightingale founded the first scientifically based nursing school, the Nightingale Training School for Nurses, at St Thomas' Hospital in London in 1860. This marked the beginning of professional nursing education.
EN： Using '-ing' (Gerunds) after a preposition: When a verb follows a preposition like 'about', we add '-ing' to the verb to turn it into a noun.
日本語： 前置詞の後に動名詞（-ing）を使う：動詞が 'about' のような前置詞の後に続く場合、動詞の語尾に '-ing' を付けて名詞の形にします。
He is interested in learning English.
彼は英語の勉強に興味があります。
EN： Florence Nightingale is considered the founder of modern nursing. Her emphasis on hygiene (like washing hands) was revolutionary in the 19th century and saved countless lives.
EN： The phrase 'lived to be' is used to state the age a person reached before they died.
日本語： 「lived to be」という表現は、誰かが亡くなるまでに何歳まで生きたかを述べるために使います。
My grandfather lived to be 95.
私の祖父は95歳まで生きました。
EN： In the 19th century, living to be 90 years old was very rare due to limited medical knowledge, making Nightingale's long life as a health pioneer quite remarkable.
EN： The word 'wrote' is the past tense of 'write'. We use the past tense to talk about actions that happened and finished in the past.
日本語： 単語の 'wrote' は 'write' の過去形です。過去形は、過去に起こってすでに完了した動作を表すために使います。
He wrote a long email yesterday.
彼は昨日、長いメールを書きました。
EN： Florence Nightingale's writings were revolutionary because they used data and clear instructions to improve medical standards, which was uncommon for women in the 19th century.
EN： The word 'still' is used to say that a situation continues to exist and has not changed. It usually goes before the main verb.
日本語： 単語の 'still' は、ある状況が続いていて変わっていないことを表すために使います。通常、主動詞の前に置かれます。
I still live in the same house.
私は今も同じ家に住んでいます。
EN： In this context, 'work' refers to Florence Nightingale's lifelong achievements and the standards she set for nursing, rather than just a daily job. Her birthday, May 12th, is celebrated globally as International Nurses Day.
EN： The verb 'help' can be followed by another verb in its base form (without 'to') to show what action was assisted.
日本語： 動詞「help」の後には、助ける動作を表すために、別の動詞の原形（to なし）を直接続けることができます。
He helped clean the kitchen.
彼は台所の掃除を手伝いました。
EN： Florence Nightingale is considered the founder of modern nursing. Her emphasis on hygiene (like washing hands and clean air) was revolutionary in the 19th century and remains the standard for hospital care today.
IPA発音、定義、例文、インタラクティブクイズ付きの重要な単語。
文中での意味： 思いやりのある、人を思いやる
文中での意味： 看護師、看護士
文中での意味： 混雑した
文中での意味： 患者、病人
文中での意味： 訓練、教育
文中での意味： 健康
文中での意味： より安全な
文中での意味： 永遠に、永久に
種類タグ、二言語の定義、使い方の説明、例文を含むフレーズ。
To pursue or try to achieve what one has always wanted to do.
夢を追いかける
To examine someone or something to make sure they are safe, correct, or in good condition.
（様子を）見守る、確認する
A nickname given to Florence Nightingale because she would visit patients at night carrying a lamp.
ランプを持った淑女
To decrease in amount, level, or number.
下がる、減少する
The services provided by medical professionals to look after a patient.
患者のケア