EN： The past participle phrase 'published in...' acts as a reduced relative clause (which was published in...) modifying the noun phrase 'A groundbreaking study'. This is a common academic structure used to pack information densely into the subject.
中文： 過去分詞片語「published in...」（發表於……）作為省略關係代名詞的關係子句（原為 which was published in...），用以修飾名詞片語「A groundbreaking study」（一項突破性研究）。這是學術英文中常見的結構，能將大量資訊緊湊地融入主詞中。
The report presented at the conference highlights the urgent need for climate action.
在會議上發表的報告強調了對氣候行動的迫切需求。
EN： The modal perfect construction 'may have + past participle' (may have sustained) is used to express a past possibility or speculation based on current evidence. It indicates that the action possibly occurred in the past, but is not 100% certain.
中文： 情態助動詞完成式「may have + 過去分詞」（may have sustained）用於表示對過去事實的推測或可能性。這代表該動作在過去有可能發生，但並非百分之百確定。
The ancient civilization may have collapsed due to a prolonged drought.
這個古老文明可能因長期乾旱而崩潰。
EN： The noun clause introduced by 'that' functions as the direct object of the reporting verb 'has revealed'. This structure is standard for reporting scientific findings, academic discoveries, or news.
中文： 由「that」引導的名詞子句作為報導動詞「has revealed」（揭示）的直接受詞。此結構是報導科學發現、學術成果或新聞時的標準句型。
Recent data has revealed that global temperatures are rising faster than previously projected.
最近的數據揭示，全球氣溫上升的速度比先前預測的還要快。
EN： The 'Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences' (PNAS) is one of the world's most prestigious and highly cited multidisciplinary scientific journals, established in 1914. Publishing in PNAS indicates that the research has undergone rigorous peer review and is of high significance to the global scientific community. The relationship between Homo sapiens and Neanderthals is a major topic in anthropology, and this study contributes to a shifting paradigm from viewing Neanderthals as primitive brutes to recognizing them as cognitively and culturally advanced hominins who closely interacted with modern humans.
中文： 《美國國家科學院院刊》（PNAS）創刊於 1914 年，是世界上最負盛名、引用率最高的多學科科學期刊之一。在 PNAS 發表論文意味著該研究通過了極其嚴格的同行評審，對全球科學界具有重大意義。此外，智人與尼安德塔人之間的關係一直是人類學的核心課題。這項研究有助於推動學術界的範式轉移——從過去將尼安德塔人視為原始野蠻人，轉變為承認他們是具有高度認知與文化水平、且與現代人類有著密切互動的人族成員。
EN： The relative pronoun 'which' is preceded by the preposition 'to' to form the phrase 'to which'. This structure is used to introduce a relative clause modifying 'the degree', originating from the collocation 'to a degree' (meaning 'to an extent'). In formal English, the preposition is placed before the relative pronoun rather than at the end of the clause.
中文： 關係代名詞「which」前面加上介係詞「to」形成「to which」結構。此結構用於引導修飾「the degree」（程度）的關係子句，源自於習慣搭配「to a degree」（在某種程度上）。在正式英文中，介係詞會置於關係代名詞之前，而非子句的末尾。
The extent to which technology influences our daily lives is a subject of ongoing debate.
科技影響我們日常生活的程度是一個持續爭論的話題。
EN： The phrase 'closely related' consists of an adverb ('closely') modifying a past participle functioning as an adjective ('related'). This compound modifier is used to describe the evolutionary or genetic proximity of the two species.
中文： 短語「closely related」由副詞「closely」（密切地）修飾作為形容詞使用的過去分詞「related」（相關的/有親緣關係的）。這種複合修飾語用於描述兩個物種在進化或遺傳上的親近程度。
The researchers studied several closely related plant species native to the rainforest.
研究人員研究了幾種源自雨林且親緣關係密切的植物物種。
EN： This sentence reflects a major paradigm shift in paleoanthropology. Historically, Neanderthals were often depicted as primitive and culturally inferior to Homo sapiens. Modern scientific consensus, supported by genetic and archaeological evidence as described in the context, increasingly views them as cognitive equals who engaged in complex cultural and genetic exchanges with early modern humans.
中文： 這句話反映了古人類學領域的一個重大範式轉移。在歷史上，尼安德塔人常被描繪為原始且在文化上遜於智人。然而，如背景所述，現代科學共識在基因和考古證據的支持下，越來越傾向於將他們視為在認知上與早期現代人類平等的物種，雙方曾進行過複雜的文化與基因交流。
EN： The phrasal verb 'emerge from' is used to describe something coming into view, becoming known, or developing as a result of a particular situation or source. In academic and formal contexts, it is often used to indicate the origin of findings, ideas, or solutions.
中文： 片語動詞「emerge from」用於描述某事物顯露、變得為人所知，或是作為特定情況或來源的結果而發展出來。在學術和正式語境中，它常用於指出研究發現、想法或解決方案的來源。
New evidence emerged from the analysis of the ancient pottery shards.
對古代陶器碎片的分析中浮現出了新的證據。
EN： Compound adjectives can be formed by combining a number and a noun (singular form) with a hyphen, such as 'five-year'. This compound modifier functions as an adjective before a noun to specify duration, age, or measurement without pluralizing the noun.
中文： 複合形容詞可以透過連字號將數字和名詞（單數形式）結合來構成，例如「five-year」（為期五年的）。這種複合修飾語在名詞前充當形容詞，用以指定持續時間、年齡或測量值，此時名詞不使用複數形式。
The team completed a three-month study on primate behavior.
該團隊完成了一項為期三個月的靈長類動物行為研究。
EN： The preposition 'of' is used here to indicate the object of the action implied by the noun 'excavation'. This is known as the objective genitive, where 'excavation of Üçağızlı II Cave' means they excavated the cave.
中文： 介係詞「of」在此處用於表示名詞「excavation」（挖掘）所隱含動作的接受對象。這被稱為受格所有格（objective genitive），其中「excavation of Üçağızlı II Cave」表示他們對該洞穴進行了挖掘。
The restoration of the historic temple took several decades.
這座歷史悠久寺廟的修復工作耗時了數十年。
EN： The spelling 'Türkiye' is the official Turkish name of the country, which was formally recognized by the United Nations in 2022 to replace the anglicized 'Turkey'. Using 'Türkiye' in English texts reflects respect for national identity and is increasingly standard in international journalism and academic writing.
中文： 拼寫「Türkiye」是該國的官方土耳其語名稱，聯合國於 2022 年正式承認以此取代英文化的「Turkey」。在英文文本中使用「Türkiye」反映了對其國家認同的尊重，並且在國際新聞報導和學術寫作中已日漸成為標準規範。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'Within its layers' is placed at the beginning of the sentence for fronting (or topicalization). This literary device establishes the physical or temporal setting immediately, drawing the reader's attention to the location before introducing the main subject and action.
中文： 介係詞片語「Within its layers」被置於句首作為「前置（或主題化）」用法。這種文學修辭手法能立即建立空間或時間背景，在引入主詞和主要動作之前，先將讀者的注意力吸引到該位置。
Within the depths of the ocean, scientists discovered species previously unknown to science.
在海洋深處，科學家們發現了以前科學界未知的物種。
EN： The present participle phrase 'belonging to both species' acts as an adjectival modifier (a reduced relative clause) post-modifying the entire list of noun phrases: 'human fossils, stone tools, animal remains, and decorative objects'. It is equivalent to 'which belonged to both species'.
中文： 現在分詞片語「belonging to both species」作為形容詞修飾語（簡化關係子句），後置修飾前面列出的所有名詞片語：「human fossils, stone tools, animal remains, and decorative objects」。這相當於「which belonged to both species」。
The museum exhibited ancient manuscripts belonging to the royal family.
博物館展出了屬於皇室成員的古代手稿。
EN： The verb 'unearth' is a highly descriptive transitive verb meaning to dig up out of the earth. In academic and journalistic registers, it is frequently used metaphorically to mean 'to discover something hidden or lost after intensive investigation'.
中文： 動詞「unearth」是一個高度具描繪性的及物動詞，字面意思是從地下挖掘出來。在學術和新聞語體中，它經常被隱喻性地用來表示「經過深入調查後發現隱藏或遺失的事物」。
Journalists managed to unearth new evidence that completely changed the course of the trial.
記者們設法挖掘出全新證據，徹底改變了審判的進程。
EN： In archaeological contexts, the term 'remains' is a formal, scientific way to refer to both skeletal parts (bones) and organic matter left behind. Similarly, 'material culture' (represented here by stone tools and decorative objects) is a key anthropological concept referring to the physical objects, resources, and spaces that people use to define their culture.
中文： 在考古學語境中，「remains」（遺骸/殘留物）是一個正式且科學的詞彙，用來指代遺留下來的骨骼部分（骨頭）和有機物質。同樣地，「物質文化」（在此由石器和裝飾性器物代表）是人類學的一個核心概念，指人們用來定義其文化的物理對象、資源和空間。
EN： Inverted Conditional (Third Conditional): When 'if' is omitted in a past unreal conditional sentence, auxiliary verbs like 'had' are inverted with the subject. 'Had the two groups merely coexisted...' is equivalent to 'If the two groups had merely coexisted...'. This structure is highly formal and common in academic or literary registers.
中文： 倒裝條件句（第三類條件句）：在表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣中，若省略連接詞「if」，助動詞「had」須與主詞倒裝。「Had the two groups merely coexisted...」等同於「If the two groups had merely coexisted...」。此結構極具正式感，常見於學術或文學語體中。
Had the researchers not discovered the fossils, the theory would never have been proposed.
若研究人員當時沒有發現這些化石，這項理論就永遠不會被提出。
EN： Adjective + Infinitive Pattern ('unlikely to'): The structure 'be + unlikely + to-infinitive' is used to express a low probability of an event occurring. It functions as a modal-like expression of stance or likelihood.
中文： 形容詞 + 不定詞結構（'unlikely to'）：「be + unlikely + to-不定詞」的結構用於表達某事件發生的機率極低。其功能類似於情態助動詞，用以表達立場或可能性。
Such fragile artifacts are unlikely to survive in acidic soil conditions.
如此脆弱的文物在酸性土壤條件下是不太可能保存下來的。
EN： Adverbial Modification of Quantity/Degree ('so consistently throughout'): The adverb 'so' intensifies 'consistently', which in turn modifies the verb 'to appear'. The prepositional phrase 'throughout the archaeological record' acts as an adverbial of place/scope, defining where this consistency occurs.
中文： 數量/程度副詞修飾（'so consistently throughout'）：副詞「so」用以加強「consistently」的語氣，而「consistently」則修飾動詞「to appear」。介系詞片語「throughout the archaeological record」作為地方/範圍副詞，界定了這種一致性發生的空間。
The same patterns emerged so consistently throughout the entire region.
相同的模式在整個地區如此一致地顯現出來。
EN： Apposition is used to place two noun phrases next to each other to identify or define the first one. Here, 'a paleoanthropologist at Kyoto University' is an appositive noun phrase that provides additional information about 'Co-author Naoki Morimoto'. It is set off by commas.
中文： 同位語（Apposition）用於將兩個名詞短語並置，以識別或定義第一個名詞短語。在此處，「a paleoanthropologist at Kyoto University」（京都大學的古人類學家）是一個同位語名詞短語，用來提供關於「Co-author Naoki Morimoto」（共同作者森本直記）的補充說明，前後以逗號隔開。
Dr. Sarah Jenkins, a leading marine biologist at the institute, presented her findings on coral bleaching.
該研究所領先的海洋生物學家莎拉·詹金斯博士展示了她對珊瑚白化的研究結果。
EN： The phrasal verb 'point to' means to suggest that something is true or likely, or to direct attention to a particular fact or possibility. In academic and formal contexts, it is often used with abstract nouns like 'evidence', 'findings', or 'data' as the subject.
中文： 片語動詞「point to」意為「指向、表明」某事屬實或有可能，或是將注意力引向特定的事實或可能性。在學術與正式語境中，它經常以「evidence」（證據）、「findings」（研究結果）或「data」（數據）等抽象名詞作為主詞。
Recent statistics point to a gradual recovery of the local housing market.
最近的統計數據表明當地房地產市場正在逐漸復甦。
EN： The correlative conjunction 'rather than' is used to express preference or to contrast two ideas, meaning 'instead of' or 'and not'. It connects parallel structures; in this sentence, it contrasts two noun phrases: 'profound cultural exchange' and 'mere environmental adaptation'.
中文： 關聯連接詞「rather than」用於表達偏好或對比兩個概念，意為「而非」或「而不是」。它連接對等的結構；在本句中，它對比了兩個名詞短語：「profound cultural exchange」（深遠的文化交流）與「mere environmental adaptation」（單純的環境適應）。
The project succeeded due to collaborative teamwork rather than individual effort.
該專案的成功歸功於團隊協作，而非個人努力。
EN： In academic discourse, researchers use hedging and precise phrasing (e.g., 'evidence points to' rather than 'evidence proves') to maintain scientific objectivity. Kyoto University is one of Japan's most prestigious research institutions, known for its high-level contributions to global scientific endeavors, including evolutionary anthropology.
中文： 在學術論述中，研究人員會使用保留語氣和精確的措辭（例如「evidence points to 證據指向」，而非「evidence proves 證據證明」），以維持科學的客觀性。京都大學是日本最頂尖的研究機構之一，以其對全球科學事業（包括演化人類學）的高水準貢獻而聞名。
EN： The use of 'that' as a conjunction introducing a noun clause (or content clause) acting as the direct object of the reporting verb 'argued'. This structure is essential in academic and formal writing to report claims, findings, or beliefs.
中文： 使用「that」作為連接詞來引導名詞子句（或內容子句），作為報導動詞「argued」（主張）的直接受詞。此結構在學術與正式寫作中至關重要，用於陳述主張、研究結果或觀點。
The researchers argued that the climate anomalies were caused by volcanic eruptions.
研究人員主張，氣候異常是由火山爆發所引起的。
EN： The non-defining relative clause introduced by 'which' ('which suggests...'). In this context, 'which' does not refer back to a single preceding noun, but rather to the entire preceding clause ('that the two groups were likely sharing symbolic preferences'). This is a common academic device used to comment on the significance of a previously stated fact.
中文： 由「which」引導的非限定關係子句（「which suggests...」）。在此語境中，「which」並非指代前方的單一名詞，而是指代整個前述子句（「這兩個群體很可能分享了象徵性的偏好」）。這是學術寫作中常用的修辭手法，用於評論前述事實的重要性或啟示。
The temperature dropped rapidly, which forced the expedition team to return to the base.
氣溫迅速下降，這迫使探險隊返回基地。
EN： The use of a past participle phrase ('previously underestimated by...') acting as a post-modifier (adjective phrase) for the noun 'interaction'. This is a reduced relative clause, equivalent to 'which was previously underestimated by...'. It allows for concise and dense information packaging typical of C1-level academic prose.
中文： 使用過去分詞短語（「previously underestimated by...」）作為名詞「interaction」（互動）的後置修飾語（形容詞短語）。這是一個簡化的關係子句，相當於「which was previously underestimated by...」。它使資訊包裝更為簡潔緊湊，是 C1 等級學術散文的典型特徵。
The artifacts discovered at the site belong to the Upper Paleolithic period.
在該遺址發現的文物屬於舊石器時代晚期。
EN： This sentence reflects a major paradigm shift in paleoanthropology. Historically, Neanderthals (尼安德塔人) were depicted as primitive and cognitively inferior to Homo sapiens (智人). The assertion by researchers like Naoki Morimoto (森本直記) that they shared a complex, symbolic culture challenges the 'human superiority' narrative and highlights a more integrated, shared prehistory, which is a sensitive and highly debated topic in evolutionary science.
中文： 這句話反映了古人類學中一個重大的範式轉移。在歷史上，尼安德塔人常被描繪成原始且在認知能力上遜於智人。森本直記等研究人員主張他們共享複雜的象徵性文化，這一觀點挑戰了「人類優越論」的敘事，並突顯了更為融合、共享的史前史，這在演化科學領域是一個高度敏感且備受爭議的話題。
EN： The use of 'non-' as a prefix to create negative adjectives (e.g., 'non-practical'). This is highly common in academic and formal registers to describe things by what they are not, maintaining an objective tone.
中文： 使用字首「non-」來構建否定形容詞（例如「non-practical」，非實用性的）。這在學術和正式語體中非常常見，用以通過否定某特質來客觀描述事物，保持中立客觀的語氣。
The committee focused on non-financial incentives to boost employee morale.
委員會著重於利用非財政性的激勵措施來提高員工士氣。
EN： The adverb 'further' used as an intensifier/additive modifier before a verb. In formal writing, 'further' often precedes verbs of proving, explaining, or developing (like 'substantiates', 'clarifies', 'explores') to indicate an additional layer of support or investigation.
中文： 副詞「further」在動詞前用作修飾語，表示「進一步地」。在正式寫作中，「further」經常置於表示證明、解釋或發展的動詞（如「substantiates」、「clarifies」、「explores」）之前，以表示更深一層的支持或探究。
Recent statistical data further strengthens the researchers' hypothesis.
最近的統計數據進一步增強了研究人員的假設。
EN： The verb 'substantiate' is a high-level academic verb meaning to provide evidence to support or prove the truth of something. It is a more formal synonym for 'support', 'back up', or 'prove'.
中文： 動詞「substantiate」是一個高級學術動詞，意為「證實」或「具體化」，即提供證據以支持或證明某事的真實性。它是「support」、「back up」或「prove」更為正式的同義詞。
The prosecutor was unable to substantiate the allegations with concrete evidence.
檢察官無法用具體證據來證實這些指控。
EN： The use of an appositive noun phrase ('a biological legacy...') to rename or explain a preceding noun phrase ('a small percentage of Neanderthal DNA'). This structure allows for the concise addition of descriptive information without starting a new sentence or using a relative clause.
中文： 同位語名詞片語（如 'a biological legacy...'）的用法，用來重新命名或解釋前述的名詞片語（'a small percentage of Neanderthal DNA'）。這種結構允許在不開始新句子或不使用關係子句的情況下，簡潔地添加描述性資訊。
The company recently launched its new flagship smartphone, a technological marvel that took three years to develop.
該公司最近推出了其全新旗艦智慧型手機，這是一部歷時三年研發的科技奇蹟。
EN： The post-positive adjective 'alive' modifying the noun 'people'. In English, certain adjectives starting with 'a-' (such as alive, asleep, awake, alone) typically function predicatively or must follow the noun they modify rather than preceding it.
中文： 後置形容詞「alive」修飾名詞「people」的用法。在英文中，某些以「a-」開頭的形容詞（例如 alive、asleep、awake、alone）通常作表語，或者必須置於其所修飾的名詞之後，而非之前。
He is one of the greatest scientists alive.
他是現存最偉大的科學家之一。
EN： The expression 'tens of thousands of' is used to denote an indefinite but very large number (multiples of ten thousand). It follows the pattern [number-plural] + of + [noun-plural].
中文： 表達式「tens of thousands of」（數以萬計的）用於表示不確定但數量龐大的數字（萬的倍數）。它遵循 [複數數量單位] + of + [複數名詞] 的模式。
Tens of thousands of protesters gathered in the main square to demand political reform.
數以萬計的抗議者聚集在主廣場，要求進行政治改革。
EN： The sentence refers to a major milestone in human evolutionary genetics. Modern genetic research (notably by Nobel laureate Svante Pääbo) proved that non-African modern humans carry approximately 1% to 2% Neanderthal DNA due to historical interbreeding (admixture) that occurred as Homo sapiens migrated out of Africa. This scientific revelation shifted the cultural and historical understanding of Neanderthals from 'primitive cavemen' to close relatives with whom our ancestors shared both genes and culture.
中文： 本句涉及人類演化遺傳學的重要里程碑。現代基因研究（特別是諾貝爾獎得主斯萬特·帕博的研究）證實，由於智人遷出非洲後與尼安德塔人發生歷史性雜交（基因混合），非非洲裔的現代人體內含有約 1% 至 2% 的尼安德塔人 DNA。這一科學發現改變了文化與歷史上對尼安德塔人的認知，使他們從過去被視為「原始野人」的形象，轉變為與我們祖先共享基因與文化的近親。
EN： The use of the past perfect tense ('had remained') indicates a state that persisted up to a specific point in the past (in this case, 'until now' relative to the historical narrative's timeframe). It emphasizes the duration of the state prior to a past discovery or shift in understanding.
中文： 過去完成式（had remained）的使用，表示某個狀態一直持續到過去的某個特定時間點（在此指相對於歷史敘事時間軸的「直到如今」）。它強調了在過去某個發現或理解轉變之前，該狀態所持續的時間。
The true origin of the manuscript had remained a mystery until the recent carbon dating results were published.
在最近的碳定年法結果公布之前，這份手稿的真實起源一直是一個謎。
EN： The adverb 'largely' is used as a degree modifier meaning 'mostly' or 'for the most part'. It is commonly paired with adjectives like 'speculative', 'unexplored', or 'unknown' in academic writing to qualify the strength of a claim.
中文： 副詞「largely」用作程度修飾語，意思是「大部分地」或「在很大程度上」。在學術寫作中，它常用於修飾像「speculative（推測性的）」、「unexplored（未探索的）」或「unknown（未知的）」等形容詞，以限制或修飾論點的強度。
The success of the project was largely due to the seamless collaboration between the two international teams.
該項目的成功在很大程度上歸功於這兩個國際團隊之間的無縫合作。
EN： In academic and scientific discourse, researchers use hedging language (such as 'largely speculative') to maintain scientific objectivity. It acknowledges that while there was some evidence or theory, it lacked definitive empirical proof until the current study's findings were established.
中文： 在學術和科學論述中，研究人員會使用「規避語言」（如「largely speculative」，很大程度上處於推測階段）來保持科學客觀性。這表明雖然此前存在某些證據或理論，但在這項研究結果確立之前，仍缺乏決定性的實證支持。
EN： The use of a present participle ('eventually encountering') as an adverbial clause of result or subsequent action. This structure is common in formal writing to show a chronological sequence of events where the second action is a natural consequence or next step of the first.
中文： 使用現在分詞（如 'eventually encountering'）作為表示結果或後續動作的狀語從句。這種結構在正式寫作中非常常見，用以表示事件的時間先後順序，其中第二個動作是第一個動作的自然結果或下一步。
The company expanded its operations into Asia, eventually capturing a major share of the market.
該公司將業務擴張到亞洲，最終奪取了大部分的市場份額。
EN： The preposition 'beyond' is used here to indicate moving outside the limits or boundaries of a specific geographical area (Africa). It conveys a sense of going further than a certain point.
中文： 介係詞 'beyond' 在此處用於表示移動到特定地理區域（非洲）的邊界或範圍之外。它傳達了超越某個特定點的空間概念。
The explorers ventured beyond the safety of the valley into the unknown mountains.
探險家們冒險越過安全的山谷，進入了未知的山脈。
EN： The compound modifier 'wave-like' uses a noun combined with '-like' to form an adjective describing the pattern or manner of migrations. This is a highly productive way to create descriptive adjectives in English.
中文： 複合修飾詞 'wave-like' 結合了名詞與 '-like' 來形成形容詞，用以描述遷徙的模式或方式。這是在英語中創造描述性形容詞的一種非常高效的方式。
The sand dunes had a wave-like pattern created by the strong desert winds.
沙丘有著由強烈沙漠風吹拂而形成的波浪狀圖案。
EN： The sentence describes a pivotal era in human prehistory known as the 'Out of Africa' migration. The interaction between Homo sapiens and Neanderthals in the Middle East and Europe is a major focus of modern evolutionary anthropology, especially since genetic evidence has proven that interbreeding occurred, leaving a lasting biological legacy in modern non-African populations.
中文： 本句描述了人類史前史上被稱為「走出非洲」遷徙的關鍵時期。智人與尼安德塔人在中東和歐洲的互動是現代演化人類學的研究重點，特別是基因證據已證實兩者曾發生過混血，在現代非非洲裔人口中留下了深遠的生物學遺產。
EN： The 'It is... that...' cleft sentence structure is used to emphasize a specific part of the sentence (in this case, the prepositional phrase 'within this broader context'). By placing the emphasized element between 'It is' and 'that', the speaker draws the listener's attention directly to the circumstances or conditions under which the main action occurs.
中文： 「It is... that...」分裂句結構用於強調句子中的特定部分（在此處為介系詞片語「within this broader context」）。藉由將強調的元素放在「It is」與「that」之間，說話者能引導聽眾直接關注主句動作發生的環境或條件。
It is through continuous practice that we master a new language.
正是透過不斷的練習，我們才能精通一門新語言。
EN： The verb 'assume' is used here in a formal register meaning 'to take on' or 'to acquire' a quality, appearance, or significance, rather than its more common meaning of 'to suppose without proof'.
中文： 動詞「assume」在此處為正式語域用法，意為「呈現」或「獲得」某種特質、外觀或重要性，而非其更常見的「在無憑據下假設」之意。
The issue has assumed clinical importance in recent medical trials.
該問題在最近的醫學試驗中已顯現出臨床重要性。
EN： The preposition 'for' followed by a gerund ('understanding') is used to express the purpose, function, or area of application of the noun 'significance'. It explains in what domain the evidence is significant.
中文： 介系詞「for」後接動名詞（understanding）用於表示名詞「significance」（重要性）的目的、功能或應用領域。它解釋了該證據在涉足哪個領域時具有重要意義。
This discovery holds great promise for treating genetic disorders.
這項發現對於治療遺傳性疾病具有極大的前景。
EN： In scientific and academic writing, authors often avoid overly dramatic language but use syntactic structures like cleft sentences ('It is... that...') to subtly guide the reader's focus to key analytical frameworks, such as the 'broader context' of archaeological discoveries.
中文： 在科學與學術寫作中，作者通常會避免過於誇張的戲劇性詞彙，而是利用像是分裂句（It is... that...）這類的句型結構，來微妙地引導讀者的注意力至關鍵分析框架上，例如考古發現的「更廣泛背景」。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 開創性的、突破性的
在本文中： 持續的、維持的
在本文中： 共存
在本文中： 考古挖掘
在本文中： 出土、發掘
在本文中： 深遠的、深刻的
在本文中： 證實、證明
在本文中： 推測性的、設想的
在本文中： 接連的、連續的
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
The physical objects, resources, and spaces that people use to define their culture.
物質文化
The body of physical evidence about the past that is studied by archaeologists.
考古記錄
The sharing of ideas, traditions, and knowledge between different groups of people.
文化交流
The act of breeding or mating between different species or distinct populations.
雜交、異種交配