EN： Present Perfect Tense (have/has + past participle): Used to describe an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past and has a result or relevance to the present.
中文： 現在完成式 (have/has + 過去分詞)：用於描述過去某個不特定時間發生的動作，且該動作對現在仍有影響或結果。
The internet has transformed how we access information.
網路已經改變了我們獲取資訊的方式。
EN： Relative Clause with 'the way': In English, 'the way' is often followed by a clause (subject + verb) to describe how something is done. The relative pronoun 'that' or 'in which' is frequently omitted.
中文： 先行詞 'the way' 引導的關係子句：在英文中，'the way' 後方常接一個子句（主詞 + 動詞）來描述某事進行的方式。關係代名詞 'that' 或 'in which' 通常會被省略。
I like the way she teaches English.
我喜歡她教英文的方式。
EN： The phrase 'each other' is used for two or more people. In modern digital contexts, 'communicate' has expanded from face-to-face talk to include instant messaging, video calls, and social media interactions.
中文： 'each other' 用於兩人或多人之間。在現代數位語境中，'communicate' (溝通) 的含義已從面對面交談擴展到包含即時訊息、視訊通話和社群媒體互動。
EN： The preposition 'without' is followed by a gerund (V-ing). A gerund is a verb form that functions as a noun, indicating the action of doing something.
中文： 介係詞「without」(沒有/不) 後面接動名詞 (V-ing)。動名詞是具有名詞功能的動詞形式，用來表示某個動作或行為。
He left the room without saying a word.
他一句話也沒說就離開了房間。
EN： The phrase 'millions of' is used to describe a large, indefinite number. Note that 'millions' is plural when followed by 'of', but 'million' is singular when preceded by a specific number (e.g., two million people).
中文： 短語「millions of」用於描述大量且不確定的數字。注意當後面接「of」時，「millions」使用複數形；但如果前面有具體數字時，則使用單數形 (例如：two million people)。
Millions of stars are visible in the night sky.
夜空中可以看到數百萬顆星星。
EN： In the digital age, 'personal data' is often referred to as 'the new oil' because of its immense value to companies. This sentence reflects a growing global concern regarding digital literacy and privacy awareness.
中文： 在數位時代，「個人數據」因其對企業的巨大價值而常被稱為「新石油」。這句話反映了全球對於數位素養和隱私意識日益增長的關注。
EN： Passive Voice (be + past participle): Used when the action is more important than the person or thing performing it. In this sentence, 'are collected' emphasizes what happens to the data rather than focusing on the companies.
中文： 被動語態 (be 動詞 + 過去分詞)：當動作本身比執行動作的人或物更重要時使用。在本句中，「are collected」強調了數據被如何處理，而不是將焦點放在公司身上。
The personal data is stored in a secure database.
個人資料被儲存在一個安全的資料庫中。
EN： Oxford Comma and Parallel Structure: When listing three or more items (photos, messages, and location information), they should follow the same grammatical form to maintain clarity.
中文： 牛津逗號與平行結構：當列舉三個或更多項目（照片、訊息和位置資訊）時，它們應保持相同的語法形式以維持清晰度。
We need to protect our names, addresses, and phone numbers.
我們需要保護我們的姓名、地址和電話號碼。
EN： In the digital age, data privacy has become a global concern, leading to strict regulations like the GDPR in Europe. This sentence reflects the common modern reality where personal information is treated as a valuable commodity by international corporations.
中文： 在數位時代，數據隱私已成為全球關注的議題，促使歐洲制定了如 GDPR 等嚴格法規。這句話反映了現代社會的普遍現實：個人資訊被國際大企業視為一種有價值的商品。
EN： The verb 'raise' is a transitive verb, meaning it requires a direct object. In this context, it means to cause something to be considered or discussed. It is often confused with 'rise', which is intransitive (does not take an object).
中文： 動詞「raise」是一個及物動詞，意指需要接直接受詞。在此語境中，它的意思是「引起、提出」某事以供考慮或討論。它常與不及物動詞「rise」（上升，不接受詞）混淆。
The new policy raised many concerns among the employees.
新政策引起了員工們的許多疑慮。
EN： The preposition 'about' is used here to indicate the subject matter or topic of the 'questions'. It connects the noun to the specific areas of concern.
中文： 介系詞「about」在此處用於表示「問題（questions）」的主題或話題。它將名詞與具體的關注領域聯繫起來。
We had a long discussion about the future of the project.
我們針對該專案的未來進行了長久的討論。
EN： The 'digital age' refers to the current period in history characterized by the shift from traditional industry to an economy based on information computerization. In Western discourse, discussions about 'privacy and ethics' are central to debates about how big tech companies handle user data.
中文： 「數位時代（digital age）」是指歷史上從傳統工業轉向以資訊電腦化為基礎的經濟時期。在西方論述中，關於「隱私與倫理」的討論是大型科技公司如何處理用戶數據辯論的核心。
EN： The structure 'one of the + superlative adjective + plural noun' is used to identify a single item that belongs to a group of things with the highest degree of a certain quality.
中文： 結構「one of the + 最高級形容詞 + 複數名詞」用於從一組具有最高程度特質的事物中，指出其中的一項。
He is one of the most talented musicians in the band.
他是樂團中最有才華的音樂家之一。
EN： A relative clause starting with 'that' is used here to provide more information about the noun 'technologies'. Since 'technologies' is plural, the relative clause usually follows subject-verb agreement, though 'exists' here refers to the general state of the technology category.
中文： 以「that」引導的關係子句（形容詞子句）在此用於提供關於名詞「technologies」的更多資訊。這是一個限定用法，用來縮小所指技術的範圍。
This is a problem that requires immediate attention.
這是一個需要立即關注的問題。
EN： In modern discourse, 'Artificial Intelligence' or 'AI' is a central topic in global ethics and technology debates, often discussed in the context of its rapid advancement compared to previous industrial revolutions.
中文： 在現代論述中，「人工智慧」或「AI」是全球倫理與科技辯論的核心話題，通常在與過往工業革命相比其進步速度極快的背景下被討論。
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used here to express ability or possibility. It is followed by the base form of the main verb 'analyze'.
中文： 助動詞「can」在此處用於表示能力或可能性。其後接主要動詞「analyze」的原形。
Modern computers can process information much faster than humans.
現代電腦處理資訊的速度比人類快得多。
EN： The 'to-infinitive' (to make) is used as an infinitive of purpose, explaining 'why' the AI systems analyze the data.
中文： 「不定詞」(to make) 在此作為目的狀語，解釋為什麼人工智慧系統要分析數據。
She studies hard to get a better job.
她努力學習是為了得到一份更好的工作。
EN： The sentence reflects a growing global concern regarding 'Algorithmic Bias' and the ethical implications of AI in hiring and banking, which are hot topics in Western tech ethics debates.
中文： 這句話反映了全球對於「演算法偏見」以及人工智慧在招聘和銀行業務中應用的倫理擔憂，這是西方科技倫理辯論中的熱門話題。
EN： Passive Voice (be + past participle): This structure is used when the action is more important than the person or thing performing it. Here, 'AI is used' focuses on the application of the technology.
中文： 被動語態 (be 動詞 + 過去分詞)：當動作本身比執行動作的人或物更重要時使用。這裡的 'AI is used' 強調的是技術的應用。
English is spoken by millions of people around the world.
全世界有數百萬人說英語。
EN： Noun Clauses with 'Who': The word 'who' introduces a dependent clause that functions as the object of the verb 'decide'. It specifies the person or group being discussed.
中文： 由 'who' 引導的名詞子句：'who' 引導一個從屬子句，作為動詞 'decide' 的受詞，用來明確指出所討論的對象。
The manager will decide who joins the team.
經理將決定誰能加入團隊。
EN： In many Western countries, the use of AI in hiring and lending is a major topic of ethical debate. There are concerns that algorithms might unintentionally discriminate based on race, gender, or age, leading to new laws regarding 'algorithmic transparency'.
中文： 在許多西方國家，將人工智慧應用於招聘和貸款發放是倫理辯論的主要話題。人們擔心演算法可能會在無意中根據種族、性別或年齡產生歧視，這促使了有關「演算法透明度」的新法律誕生。
EN： The conjunction 'because' is used to introduce a subordinate clause that provides the reason for the action in the main clause. It connects the result (unfair decisions) with the cause (biased data).
中文： 連詞「because」用於引導從句，提供主句動作的原因。它將結果（不公平的決定）與原因（有偏見的數據）連接起來。
The flight was canceled because the weather was terrible.
航班被取消了，因為天氣非常糟糕。
EN： The phrase 'the data they learn from' contains a reduced relative clause. The full version would be 'the data (which/that) they learn from'. The preposition 'from' is placed at the end of the clause in natural English.
中文： 短語「the data they learn from」包含一個省略關係代名詞的關係子句。完整版本為「the data (which/that) they learn from」。在自然英語中，介系詞「from」通常放在子句末尾。
The people I work with are very friendly.
與我一起工作的人都非常友善。
EN： The sentence touches upon 'Algorithmic Bias', a significant ethical issue in modern technology where AI systems reflect the human biases present in their training data, leading to discrimination in areas like hiring or lending.
中文： 這句話涉及「演算法偏見」，這是現代科技中一個重要的倫理問題。人工智慧系統會反映其訓練數據中存在的人類偏見，導致在招聘或貸款等領域產生歧視。
EN： The sentence uses 'it' as a dummy subject (preparatory subject) to introduce an infinitive phrase 'to understand...'. This structure is common when the real subject is too long or complex.
中文： 本句使用 'it' 作為虛主詞（先行主詞），用來引導後面的不定詞短語 'to understand...'。當真正的受詞太長或太複雜時，常用此結構來平衡句子。
It is important to eat healthy food every day.
每天吃健康的食物是很重要的。
EN： The word 'when' introduces an adverbial clause of time, setting the condition or timeframe for the main action.
中文： 單字 'when' 引導一個時間副詞子句，用來設定主要動作發生的條件或時間點。
When the sun goes down, it gets cold.
當太陽下山時，天氣會變冷。
EN： In the context of technology, the phrase 'black box' is often used to describe the situation mentioned here—where AI makes a decision but the logic behind it is not transparent to humans.
中文： 在科技語境中，「黑盒子」(black box) 一詞常用來描述此處提到的情況——即人工智慧做出了決定，但其背後的邏輯對人類來說並不透明。
EN： The word 'another' is used with singular countable nouns to refer to one more person or thing of the same type, or a different person or thing.
中文： 'Another' 用於單數可數名詞，表示同類型的「另一個」或「額外的一個」。
I need another cup of coffee to stay awake.
我需要再喝一杯咖啡來保持清醒。
EN： The Linking Verb (Copula) 'is' connects the subject 'Privacy' to the subject complement 'another major concern', describing what the subject is.
中文： 連綴動詞 (Linking Verb) 'is' 將主詞 'Privacy' 與主詞補語 'another major concern' 連接起來，用以描述主詞的身分或狀態。
Education is a powerful tool for change.
教育是改變的強大工具。
EN： In Western tech discourse, 'privacy' is often discussed as a fundamental human right, leading to strict regulations like the GDPR mentioned in the text. This sentence reflects a common societal anxiety regarding data surveillance.
中文： 在西方的科技論述中，「隱私」常被視為一項基本人權，這促成了文中提到的 GDPR 等嚴格法規。這句話反映了社會對於數據監控的普遍焦慮。
EN： The present participle 'including' is used here as a preposition to introduce specific examples that are part of a larger group (personal data).
中文： 現在分詞 'including' 在此處作為介係詞使用，用來引出屬於較大群體（個人數據）中的具體例子。
The price of the tour is $100, including lunch and transport.
行程費用為 100 美元，包含午餐和交通。
EN： Compound subjects are formed when two or more nouns (apps and websites) are joined by a conjunction like 'and', taking a plural verb form.
中文： 複合主詞是由兩個或多個名詞（應用程式和網站）透過連體詞（如 'and'）連接而成，動詞需使用複數形式。
Fruits and vegetables are essential for a healthy diet.
蔬菜和水果對健康飲食至關重要。
EN： In the digital age, 'browsing history' and 'shopping habits' are key components of a person's 'digital footprint', which is a major topic in global discussions about privacy laws like GDPR.
中文： 在數位時代，「瀏覽紀錄」和「購物習慣」是一個人「數位足跡」的核心組成部分，這也是全球關於隱私法（如歐盟 GDPR）討論中的主要議題。
EN： Passive Voice (be + past participle): Used when the action is more important than who is performing it. Here, 'is sold' focuses on the fate of the information.
中文： 被動語態 (be 動詞 + 過去分詞)：當動作本身比執行者更重要時使用。這裡的「is sold」強調資訊被處理的過程。
The old books are kept in the basement.
這些舊書被存放在地下室。
EN： Relative Clause (that...): A dependent clause starting with 'that' used to provide more information about the noun preceding it (advertising companies).
中文： 關係子句 (that...)：以「that」引導的從屬子句，用來提供先行詞（廣告公司）的更多資訊。
I like movies that have a happy ending.
我喜歡有快樂結局的電影。
EN： In the digital age, the phrase 'If you're not paying for the product, you are the product' is a common cultural reference to how free services sell user data to advertisers.
中文： 在數位時代，有一句流行的話：「如果你沒有為產品付費，那你自己就是產品。」這反映了免費服務如何將用戶數據出售給廣告商的文化現象。
EN： The sentence uses a 'Noun Clause' starting with 'how much' as the direct object of the verb 'realize'. A noun clause functions as a noun within a sentence.
中文： 本句使用由 'how much' 引導的「名詞子句」作為動詞 'realize' 的直接受詞。名詞子句在句中扮演名詞的角色。
I don't know how much money he spent.
我不知道他花了多少錢。
EN： The phrase 'has been collected' is in the 'Present Perfect Passive Voice'. It indicates an action that started in the past and continues to the present, where the subject (data) receives the action.
中文： 短語 'has been collected' 使用了「現在完成被動語態」。它表示一個從過去開始持續到現在的動作，且主詞（數據）是動作的接收者。
The report has been completed by the team.
報告已由團隊完成。
EN： In the digital age, data privacy has become a significant concern in Western societies, leading to strict regulations like the GDPR. The word 'data' is technically plural (singular: datum), but in modern English, it is almost always used as an uncountable noun with singular verbs.
中文： 在數位時代，數據隱私已成為西方社會的重要關注點，並促成了如 GDPR 等嚴格法規。'data' 一詞在技術上是複數（單數為 datum），但在現代英語中，它幾乎總是被當作不可數名詞並搭配單數動詞使用。
EN： Present Perfect Passive: Formed with 'has/have + been + past participle'. It is used to describe an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past where the focus is on the object receiving the action.
中文： 現在完成式的被動語態：由「has/have + been + 過去分詞」構成。用於描述過去某個不明確時間發生的動作，且重點在於承受動作的對象。
The files have been deleted by the administrator.
這些檔案已被管理員刪除了。
EN： Non-restrictive Relative Clause: The word 'which' is used after a comma to refer back to the entire preceding clause, providing additional information or a result.
中文： 非限定用法關係子句：在逗號後使用 'which' 來指代前面的整個子句內容，用以提供額外資訊或描述結果。
He forgot his keys, which made him late for work.
他忘了帶鑰匙，這導致他上班遲到。
EN： The term 'hacker' originally referred to skilled computer experts, but in modern news and general context, it almost always refers to cybercriminals who steal data.
中文： 「Hacker」（駭客）一詞最初是指技術高超的電腦專家，但在現代新聞和一般語境中，它幾乎總是指代竊取數據的網路罪犯。
EN： Present Perfect Tense (have/has + past participle): This tense is used to describe an action that started in the past and continues to the present, or has relevance to the current moment.
中文： 現在完成式 (have/has + 過去分詞)：此時態用於描述從過去開始並持續到現在，或與現狀相關的動作。
The company has developed a new app to help users track their data.
這間公司已經開發了一款新應用程式來幫助用戶追蹤他們的數據。
EN： Infinitive of Purpose (to + verb): The phrase 'to protect' is an infinitive used to explain the reason or purpose behind the main action (starting to create regulation).
中文： 不定詞表示目的 (to + 動詞)：短語 'to protect' 是一個不定詞，用於解釋主要動作（開始制定法規）背後的原因或目的。
We use strong passwords to secure our accounts.
我們使用強密碼來保護我們的帳戶安全。
EN： The sentence refers to a global trend where governments are moving away from a 'laissez-faire' approach to the internet and towards stricter legal frameworks like the GDPR to ensure individual privacy.
中文： 這句話反映了全球趨勢：各國政府正從對網路採取「放任主義」轉向建立像 GDPR 這樣更嚴格的法律框架，以確保個人隱私。
EN： The sentence uses the Past Participle Phrase 'called...' to modify the noun 'a law'. This is a reduced relative clause, shortened from 'which was called...'.
中文： 本句使用過去分詞短語「called...」來修飾名詞「a law」。這是一種簡化關係子句，由「which was called...」縮減而來，用來補充說明法律的名稱。
I read a book called 'The Great Gatsby'.
我讀了一本名為《大亨小傳》的書。
EN： The Simple Past Tense ('introduced') is used to describe a completed action that happened at a specific time in the past (2018).
中文： 過去簡單式（introduced）用於描述在過去特定時間（2018 年）已經完成的動作。
The company launched a new product last month.
該公司上個月推出了一款新產品。
EN： The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is one of the world's strictest privacy laws. It affects not only European companies but any organization worldwide that processes the personal data of people in the EU, which is why you often see cookie consent banners on websites.
中文： 《一般資料保護規範》（GDPR）是世界上最嚴格的隱私法之一。它不僅影響歐洲公司，還影響全球任何處理歐盟境內個人數據的組織，這也是為什麼你經常在網站上看到 Cookie 同意橫幅的原因。
EN： The verb 'give' is a ditransitive verb, which means it can take two objects: an indirect object (the recipient, 'people') and a direct object (the thing being given, 'more control').
中文： 動詞 'give' 是雙賓語動詞，這意味著它可以接兩個受詞：間接受詞（接收者，即 'people'）和直接受詞（被給予的事物，即 'more control'）。
The teacher gave the students some advice.
老師給了學生們一些建議。
EN： The preposition 'over' is used here to indicate authority, power, or control regarding a specific area or subject.
中文： 介系詞 'over' 在此處用於表示對特定領域或主題的權威、權力或控制力。
Parents have responsibility over their children's safety.
父母對孩子的安全負有責任。
EN： This sentence refers to the GDPR, which is a landmark privacy law in the European Union. It reflects a growing global trend where individuals are gaining legal rights to manage how their digital information is used by tech giants.
中文： 這句話指的是歐盟的《通用資料保護規則》(GDPR)，這是一部具里程碑意義的隱私法。它反映了全球的一種趨勢，即個人正獲得法律權利，來管理科技巨頭如何使用其數位資訊。
EN： The modal verb 'must' is used to express strong obligation or necessity. It is followed by the base form of the main verb (in this case, 'explain').
中文： 助動詞 'must' 用於表達強烈的義務或必要性。其後接主要動詞的原形（在此句中為 'explain'）。
Students must submit their assignments by Friday.
學生必須在週五前繳交作業。
EN： The phrase 'how they use customer information' is a noun clause acting as the direct object of the verb 'explain'. It uses statement word order (subject + verb) rather than question word order.
中文： 短語 'how they use customer information' 是一個名詞子句，作為動詞 'explain' 的直接受詞。它使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序。
I don't know how he fixed the computer.
我不知道他是如何修理電腦的。
EN： This sentence reflects the growing global emphasis on data transparency, particularly following the implementation of the GDPR in Europe. In modern business English, 'transparency' and 'accountability' are key themes when discussing technology and user data.
中文： 這句話反映了全球對數據透明度日益增長的重視，特別是在歐洲實施 GDPR 之後。在現代商務英語中，討論技術和用戶數據時，「透明度」(transparency) 和「問責制」(accountability) 是核心主題。
EN： First Conditional: Used to talk about real and possible situations in the future. It follows the structure 'If + present simple, will/can + base verb'.
中文： 第一類條件句：用於描述未來可能發生的真實情況。結構為「If + 現在簡單式，will/can + 原型動詞」。
If you study hard, you can pass the exam.
如果你努力學習，你就能通過考試。
EN： Modal Verb 'Can': In this context, 'can' is used to express possibility or a potential consequence.
中文： 助動詞 'Can'：在此語境中，'can' 用於表達可能性或潛在的後果。
Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.
吃太多糖可能會導致健康問題。
EN： In the context of the European Union's GDPR, 'very large fines' can reach up to 20 million euros or 4% of a company's global annual turnover, reflecting how seriously digital privacy is taken in modern international law.
中文： 在歐盟《通用資料保護規則》(GDPR) 的背景下，「巨額罰款」最高可達 2000 萬歐元或公司全球年度營業額的 4%，這反映了現代國際法對數位隱私的高度重視。
EN： Adjective Clause (Relative Clause): The word 'that' introduces a clause that describes the noun 'topic'. It acts as the subject of the verb 'affects'.
中文： 形容詞子句（關係子句）：單字 'that' 引導一個子句來修飾名詞 'topic'（議題）。在子句中，'that' 作為動詞 'affects' 的主詞。
He bought a book that explains how to code.
他買了一本解釋如何編寫程式碼的書。
EN： Subject-Verb Agreement: In the relative clause, 'affects' is singular because the antecedent 'topic' is singular.
中文： 主詞與動詞一致性：在關係子句中，'affects' 使用單數動詞形式，因為其先行詞 'topic' 是單數。
The movie affects many people's emotions.
這部電影影響了許多人的情緒。
EN： The term 'Technology ethics' (or Tech Ethics) has become a significant field of study as AI and data collection grow, reflecting global concerns about how digital tools should respect human rights.
中文： 隨著人工智慧和數據收集的發展，「科技倫理」（Technology ethics）已成為一個重要的研究領域，反映了全球對於數位工具應如何尊重人權的關注。
EN： The sentence uses the Passive Voice ('is used and shared') to focus on the action being done to the data rather than who is doing it. It is formed with 'be' + past participle.
中文： 本句使用了被動語態（is used and shared），重點在於數據「被」進行的動作，而非執行動作的主體。結構為「be 動詞 + 過去分詞」。
The personal information is stored on a secure server.
個人資訊被儲存在一個安全的伺服器上。
EN： The phrase 'how our data is used' is a Noun Clause acting as the object of the preposition 'about'. In noun clauses, the word order is subject + verb (statement order), not question order.
中文： 「how our data is used」是一個名詞子句，作為介系詞「about」的受詞。在名詞子句中，語序應為「主詞 + 動詞」（陳述句語序），而非疑問句語序。
I don't know where the file is saved.
我不知道檔案儲存在哪裡。
EN： The sentence reflects a growing global concern regarding 'Data Privacy'. In many Western cultures, especially since the implementation of GDPR in Europe, there is a strong emphasis on individual agency and the right to know how personal information is processed by corporations.
中文： 這句話反映了全球對「數據隱私」日益增長的關注。在許多西方文化中，特別是自歐洲實施 GDPR（歐盟一般資料保護規範）以來，非常強調個人自主權以及了解企業如何處理個人資訊的權利。
EN： The Subjunctive Mood with 'It is important that...': When using adjectives like 'important', 'essential', or 'necessary' followed by a 'that' clause, the base form of the verb (subjunctive) is used. In this sentence, 'act' is the base form.
中文： 虛擬語氣與 'It is important that...'：當使用 'important' (重要)、'essential' (必要) 等形容詞引導 'that' 子句時，子句中的動詞需使用原形動詞（虛擬語氣）。在此句中，'act' 即為原形動詞。
It is essential that he arrive on time for the meeting.
他準時參加會議是至關重要的。
EN： Adverbs of Manner: The word 'responsibly' is an adverb modifying the verb 'act'. It describes 'how' the action should be performed.
中文： 地方/方式副詞：'responsibly' 是一個副詞，用來修飾動詞 'act'。它描述了該動作應該「如何」被執行。
Please handle the fragile equipment carefully.
請小心處理這台易碎設備。
EN： This sentence reflects the growing global emphasis on 'Corporate Social Responsibility' (CSR), especially in the tech industry where data privacy and AI ethics are major public concerns.
中文： 這句話反映了全球對「企業社會責任」(CSR) 日益增長的重視，特別是在數據隱私和人工智慧倫理成為主要公眾關注點的科技產業。
EN： The preposition 'As' is used to describe the role, job, or function of someone or something. In this sentence, it identifies the capacity in which 'we' are acting.
中文： 介係詞 'As' 用於描述某人或某物的身分、職業或功能。在此句子中，它指明了「我們」是以何種身分在採取行動。
As your teacher, I want to help you succeed.
作為你的老師，我想幫助你成功。
EN： Parallel structure with modal verbs: The modal verb 'should' applies to both 'learn' and 'demand'. When using a conjunction like 'and', the verbs should remain in the same base form.
中文： 助動詞的平行結構：助動詞 'should' 同時作用於 'learn' 和 'demand'。當使用連接詞 'and' 時，後方的動詞應保持相同的原形形式。
We should eat healthy food and exercise regularly.
我們應該吃健康的食物並規律運動。
EN： The sentence reflects a growing global movement towards 'digital citizenship,' where individuals are encouraged to be active and informed participants in the digital world, rather than just passive consumers.
中文： 這句話反映了全球日益增長的「數位公民」運動，鼓勵個人在數位世界中成為積極且知情的參與者，而不僅僅是消極的消費者。
EN： The phrasal verb 'depend on' means to be determined or conditioned by something. It is followed by a noun or a noun phrase.
中文： 片語動詞「depend on」意為「取決於」或「視...而定」。其後接名詞或名詞短語。
Our success depends on our hard work.
我們的成功取決於我們的努力。
EN： A relative clause starting with 'that' is used here to provide more information about the noun 'choices'. In this case, 'that' acts as the object of the verb 'make'.
中文： 這裡使用由「that」引導的關係子句來提供關於名詞「choices (選擇)」的更多資訊。在這種情況下，「that」作為動詞「make」的受詞。
The cake that she baked was delicious.
她烤的那塊蛋糕很好吃。
EN： In modern Western discourse, 'technology ethics' is a rapidly growing field. It emphasizes that technology is not neutral and that developers and users have a moral responsibility for its impact on society.
中文： 在現代西方論述中，「科技倫理」是一個快速發展的領域。它強調科技並非中立的，開發者和使用者對於科技對社會產生的影響負有道德責任。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 隱私，指個人生活不被他人干擾或個人資訊不被公開的權利。
在本文中： 倫理；道德規範，指在特定環境下判斷是非對錯的原則。
在本文中： 分析，指仔細研究數據或資訊以了解其本質或發現規律。
在本文中： 偏見，指不公平的傾向或先入為主的觀念。
在本文中： 鎖定目標，指針對特定的群體進行行銷或行動。
在本文中： 法規；管理，指政府或機構制定的正式規則。
在本文中： 負責任地，指以可靠且顧及後果的方式行事。
在本文中： 公民，指國家的成員或社會的一份子。
在本文中： 駭客，指非法入侵他人電腦系統的人。
在本文中： 罰金，指因違反法律或規則而必須支付的款項。
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
The present time, in which many things are done by computer and large amounts of information are available.
數位時代
In a situation where something bad or harmful could happen.
處於危險之中
To be decided by or change according to something else.
取決於；依賴
A record of the websites that a person has visited on the internet.
瀏覽紀錄
The use of computer systems to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence.
人工智慧
To direct advertising or marketing efforts toward a particular group of people.
針對特定客戶（精準行銷）
A sum of money exacted as a penalty by a court of law or other authority.
罰款
The human rights and legal rights that allow individuals to access, use, create, and publish digital media.
數位權利